Search results for "Communications"

showing 10 items of 3827 documents

Image transmission through dynamic scattering media by single-pixel photodetection

2014

Smart control of light propagation through highly scattering media is a much desired goal with major technological implications. Since interaction of light with highly scattering media results in partial or complete depletion of ballistic photons, it is in principle impossible to transmit images through distances longer than the extinction length. Nevertheless, different methods for image transmission, focusing, and imaging through scattering media by means of wavefront control have been published over the past few years. In this paper we show that single-pixel optical systems, based on compressive detection, can also overcome the fundamental limitation imposed by multiple scattering to suc…

WavefrontPhysicspixelsScatteringbusiness.industryImage qualityComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage processingtransmission matrixPhotodetectionimaging systemsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLight scatteringOpticsTransmission (telecommunications)photo detectiondynamic scatteringwavefrontsspeckle decorrelationbusinessBallistic photonscattering mediawave front control
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Broadband telecom to mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in a dispersion-engineered silicon germanium waveguide.

2015

We demonstrate broadband supercontinuum generation (SCG) in a dispersion-engineered silicon-germanium waveguide. The 3 cm long waveguide is pumped by femtosecond pulses at 2.4 μm, and the generated supercontinuum extends from 1.45 to 2.79 μm (at the −30  dB point). The broadening is mainly driven by the generation of a dispersive wave in the 1.5–1.8 μm region and soliton fission. The SCG was modeled numerically, and excellent agreement with the experimental results was obtained.

Waveguide (electromagnetism)Materials scienceFissionbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsSoliton (optics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSupercontinuumSilicon-germaniumchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistryDispersion (optics)BroadbandFemtosecondbusinessTelecommunicationsNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsOptics letters
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Performance of electro-optical plasmonic ring resonators at telecom wavelengths

2012

International audience; In this work we report on the characteristics of an electro-optical dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguide ring resonator. By doping the dielectric host matrix with an electro-optical material and designing an appropriate set of planar electrodes, we measured a 16% relative change of transmission upon application of a controlled electric field. We have analyzed the temporal response of the device and conclude that electrostriction of the host matrix is playing a dominating role in the transmission response.

Waveguide (electromagnetism)Materials sciencePhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyDielectric01 natural sciences010309 opticsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceResonatorOpticsEXCITATION0103 physical sciencesINTERFEROMETERSMODULATIONPlasmon[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]ElectrostrictionSURFACE-PLASMONbusiness.industrySurface plasmonOptical DevicesEquipment DesignSurface Plasmon Resonance021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySurface plasmon polaritonAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEquipment Failure AnalysisWAVE-GUIDE COMPONENTSTelecommunicationsOptoelectronicsElectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessFILMLocalized surface plasmonOptics Express
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Efficient excitation of dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguide modes at telecommunication wavelengths

2008

International audience; The excitation of surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) waveguide modes in subwavelength dielectric ridges deposited on a thin gold film has been characterized and optimized at telecommunication wavelengths. The experimental data on the electromagnetic mode structure obtained using scanning near-field optical microscopy have been directly compared to full vectorial three-dimensional finite element method simulations. Two excitation geometries have been investigated where SPPs are excited outside or inside the dielectric tapered region adjoint to the waveguide. The dependence of the efficiency of the SPP guided mode excitation on the taper opening angle has been measured an…

Waveguide (electromagnetism)Materials sciencegenetic structures/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2500/2504NanophotonicsPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyDielectric01 natural sciences010309 opticsOptics0103 physical sciencesPolariton[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY-TRANSPORT[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]NANO-OPTICS[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industry/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3104COMPONENTSBOUND MODES021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSurface plasmon polaritoneye diseasesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelength[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic[ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronicssense organs[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicRadiation mode0210 nano-technologyTelecommunicationsbusinessExcitation
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What are the relationships among Web 2.0, market orientation and innovativeness?

2013

PurposeFirms are adopting Web 2.0 technologies to improve collaboration, participation and communication; however there are few empirical studies testing the impact of this adoption. The purpose of this article is to analyze if there is a linkage amongst market orientation, Web 2.0 adoption and innovativeness.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling was used to test the relationships amongst the variables. A sample of 244 firms of the hospitality industry was used. The theoretical approach is based on the market orientation and innovativeness, concepts, which have been studied by various authors in the literature.FindingsA positive relationship was found between market orient…

Web 2.0Knowledge managementWeb 2.0business.industrySample (statistics)Linkage (mechanical)Hospitality industryStructural equation modelingTheoretical Computer Sciencelaw.inventionEmpirical researchControl and Systems EngineeringlawOrder (exchange)Market orientationComputer Science (miscellaneous)ORGANIZACION DE EMPRESASBusinessEngineering (miscellaneous)Social Sciences (miscellaneous)Communications technologies
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Accessibility of the Italian institutional web pages: a survey on the compliance of the Italian public administration web pages to the Stanca Act and…

2014

Accessibility of the Italian public administration web pages is ruled by the Stanca Act and in particular the Decree of the Minister issued on July 8, 2005. In this paper, an objective test is performed on the official web pages of the Italian province and region chief towns to check their compliance to the 22 technical requirements defined by the Stanca Act. A sample of 976 web pages belonging to the websites of the Italian chief towns have been downloaded in the period October---December 2012. Such a data collection has been submitted to Achecker, the worldwide recognized syntax and accessibility validation service. Several accessibility and syntax errors have been found following the aut…

Web accessibilityDecreeWeb standardsService (systems architecture)Stanca ActComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer sciencePublic administrationWorld Wide WebWeb pageISO0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSyntax error050107 human factorsSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniSyntax (programming languages)05 social sciencesItalian institutional web page050301 educationHuman-Computer InteractionWeb Content Accessibility GuidelinesWeb content accessibility guidelineRehabilitation act0503 educationSoftwareInformation SystemsWeb accessibilityUniversal Access in the Information Society
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HTTP-level e-commerce data based on server access logs for an online store

2020

Abstract Web server logs have been extensively used as a source of data on the characteristics of Web traffic and users’ navigational patterns. In particular, Web bot detection and online purchase prediction using methods from artificial intelligence (AI) are currently key areas of research. However, in reality, it is hard to obtain logs from actual online stores and there is no common dataset that can be used across different studies. Moreover, there is a lack of studies exploring Web traffic over a longer period of time, due to the unavailability of long-term data from server logs. The need to develop reliable models of Web traffic, Web user navigation, and e-customer behaviour calls for …

Web serverDatabaseaccess logComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer sciencebusiness.industry020206 networking & telecommunicationselectronic commerce02 engineering and technologyE-commerceWeb trafficcomputer.software_genreWeb trafficWeb serveronline store0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringKey (cryptography)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingHTTP trafficUnavailabilitybusinesscomputerData ArticleComputer Networks
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Modeling a non-stationary bots’ arrival process at an e-commerce Web site

2017

Abstract The paper concerns the issue of modeling and generating a representative Web workload for Web server performance evaluation through simulation experiments. Web traffic analysis has been done from two decades, usually based on Web server log data. However, while the character of the overall Web traffic has been extensively studied and modeled, relatively few studies have been devoted to the analysis of Web traffic generated by Internet robots (Web bots). Moreover, the overwhelming majority of studies concern the traffic on non e-commerce websites. In this paper we address the problem of modeling a realistic arrival process of bots’ requests on an e-commerce Web server. Based on real…

Web serverGeneral Computer ScienceComputer scienceInternet robotReal-time computing02 engineering and technologyE-commercecomputer.software_genreSession (web analytics)Theoretical Computer ScienceWeb traffic characterizationWeb serverWeb traffic0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringTraffic generation modelWeb traffic analysis and modelingbusiness.industryComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS020206 networking & telecommunicationsWeb botHeavy-tailed distributionModeling and SimulationHeavy-tailed distribution020201 artificial intelligence & image processingThe InternetWeb log analysis softwareLog file analysisData miningbusinessRegression analysiscomputerJournal of Computational Science
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Online Web Bot Detection Using a Sequential Classification Approach

2019

A significant problem nowadays is detection of Web traffic generated by automatic software agents (Web bots). Some studies have dealt with this task by proposing various approaches to Web traffic classification in order to distinguish the traffic stemming from human users' visits from that generated by bots. Most of previous works addressed the problem of offline bot recognition, based on available information on user sessions completed on a Web server. Very few approaches, however, have been proposed to recognize bots online, before the session completes. This paper proposes a novel approach to binary classification of a multivariate data stream incoming on a Web server, in order to recogn…

Web serverHTTP request analysis; Internet security; Machine learning; Neural networks; Sequential classification; Web bot detectionSettore INF/01 - InformaticaWeb bot detectionComputer sciencebusiness.industrySequential classification020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genreInternet securitySession (web analytics)Task (computing)Web trafficMachine learning0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHTTP request analysis020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerNeural networksInternet security2018 IEEE 20th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 16th International Conference on Smart City; IEEE 4th International Conference on Data Science and Systems (HPCC/SmartCity/DSS)
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Verification of Web traffic burstiness and self-similarity for multiple online stores

2017

Developing realistic Web traffic models is essential for a reliable Web server performance evaluation. Very significant Web traffic properties that have been identified so far include burstiness and self-similarity. Very few relevant studies have been devoted to e-commerce traffic, however. In this paper, we investigate burstiness and self-similarity factors for seven different online stores using their access log data. Our findings show that both features are present in all the analyzed e-commerce datasets. Furthermore, a strong correlation of the Hurst parameter with the average request arrival rate was discovered (0.94). Estimates of the Hurst parameter for the Web traffic in the online …

Web serverSelf-similarityComputer scienceSelf-Similarity02 engineering and technologyE-commerceWeb trafficcomputer.software_genreE-Commerce01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probabilityHurst parameterWeb trafficWeb server0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRange (statistics)Web storeBurstiness0101 mathematicsLog analysisbusiness.industry020206 networking & telecommunicationsHurst indexBurstinessHTTP trafficbusinesscomputerComputer network
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