Search results for "Community"
showing 10 items of 2132 documents
Soil microbial and microfaunal communities and organic matter quality in reindeer winter and summer ranges in Finnish subarctic mountain birch forests
2008
Abstract Reindeer husbandry has significant influences on the aboveground plant communities and the structure of the mountain birch forests in the Fennoscandian subarctic. We investigated how the reindeer-mediated aboveground changes affect soil microbial and microfaunal communities and enzymatic activities. We hypothesized that in areas with intensive summer browsing by reindeer, the carbon flow to belowground is reduced, but the carbon substances are more readily degradable. This is likely to influence both the abundance and the trophic structure of microbial and microfaunal communities. However, despite large differences in the vegetation, the reindeer ranges did not differ in the amount…
The fouling community as an indicator of fish farming impact in Mediterranean
2007
Fouling species richness, abundance and composition and biomass were chosen as the descriptors of effect of fish farm organic enrichment. The study was carried out in September 2004 in the Gulf of Castellammare (South Tyrrhenian, Mediterranean). The fouling species were sampled from plastic buoys spaced throughout the study area both up- [UP] and down-stream [DOWN]. The results showed that fouling community responded to the chronic input of allochthonous organic matter experiencing local changes more or less significantly with regard to abundance, species composition and general community diversity. Upper fouling would work as a first filter naturally opposed by environment resistance assim…
Meiofauna and benthic microbial biomass in a semi-enclosed mediterranean marine system (Stagnone di Marsala, Italy)
2004
Microbial and meiofaunal dynamics and their relationships with the biochemical composition of the sedimentary organic matter were investigated in a semi-enclosed marine system (Marsala lagoon, Western Sicily, Mediterranean Sea). Sediment samples were collected on a monthly basis from March 1996 to February 1997 in four stations located along a N–S transect characterized by different hydrodynamic regimes. Total sedimentary organic matter concentration ranged from 5.681.11 to 156.2812.63 mg g1, while the biopolymeric fraction of organic carbon (BPC, measured as sum of the lipids, carbohydrates and proteins) accounted for only a small fraction (24%) of total organic matter. Total meiofaunal de…
Microfungal community structure in anthropogenic birch stands in central Finland
2002
We describe the soil microfungal communities in 30-year-old birch (Betula pendula Roth) stands planted either on former spruce forest soil (BS) or on former arable soil (BF) and compare these with the soil microfungal communities in spruce forests (S), arable fields (F) and old deciduous forests (D). Fungi were isolated from 0- to 3-cm and 3- to 6-cm samples collected in September 1997 and May 1998. Principal components analysis differentiated fungal communities in the S and BS sites from those in the other site types. The Morisita-Horn index of similarity indicated that fungal communities in the F and BF sites were less similar to those in the other site types. Fungal communities of the BS…
Riverine impacts on benthic biodiversity and functional traits: A comparison of two sub-Arctic fjords
2020
Abstract Climate change is leading to increases in freshwater discharge to coastal environments with implications for benthic community structure and functioning. Freshwater inputs create strong environmental gradients, which potentially affect the community structure of benthic infauna. In turn, changes in functional trait composition have the potential to affect the processing of terrestrially-derived nutrients and organic matter along the freshwater to marine continuum. We investigated the effects of riverine inputs on benthic community structure, functional traits, taxonomic and functional diversity, and utilization of terrestrial organic matter in two contrasting northern Norwegian fjo…
Comparative analysis of the remineralization potential of CPP–ACP with Fluoride, Tri-Calcium Phosphate and Nano Hydroxyapatite using SEM/EDX – An in …
2019
Background In recent years, the non-invasive management of non cavitated caries lesions using remineralization systems to repair the enamel have received more attention from the scientific community. Aim: To quantitatively evaluate the remineralization potential of Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate-fluoride(CPP-ACPF), Tri-calcium phosphate(TCP) & Nano-hydroxyapatite(nHAP) using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray Analysis(EDX). Material and Methods 40 enamel specimens were prepared, and immersed in demineralising solution at a pH of 4.4 for 96 hours at 37°C, to induce artificial carious lesions. Remineralization was carried out for a period of 30 da…
The discursive construction of an active rural community
2016
In this article, I will study active rural communities, how they are constructed in the speech of local people involved in community development practices. Over the past twenty years, community-led development practices have been a new paradigm for the rural development in Finland, which has been reflected as increasing number of village associations. I will analyse the discursive construction of the active community by interviewing all the present and previous leaders of three active village associations in the province of Central Finland. Active rural communities are constructed through village associations, by their local activities and self-consciousness as active communities. In the lo…
La comunità educante di fronte alla pandemia: possibili strategie di intervento e nuovi scenari in un’ottica di rete
2022
Quando nel mese di marzo 2020, anche i servizi educativi 0-6 in Italia furono chiusi in base alle misure di sicurezza per pandemia da Covid 19, ci si ritrovò da un giorno all’altro e senza alcuna esperienza pregressa, ad organizzare delle forme di educazione a distanza e di sostegno alle famiglie e ai bambini. Nell’articolo, in particolare, descrivo come si è cercato di far fronte all’emergenza nei nidi e nelle scuole dell’infanzia gestiti dal Comune di Palermo e come l’esperienza del primo lock down abbia permesso di mettere a fuoco alcune strategie di intervento che si sono rivelate una risorsa potenzialmente trasferibile in situazioni di normalità. Sottolineo, inoltre, come la necessità …
Per un’arte dell’equilibrio in moto. Giardini e parchi, politiche urbane, azione pubblica e azioni comunitarie a New York City
2017
Abstract Le dinamiche del Real estate, a NYC, snodo della trasformazione e dell’economia urbana, si scontrano e misurano con uno dei capitoli rappresentativi della partecipazione: il processo di edificazione dei Parchi e dei Giardini che vengono qui considerati come “fronte di resistenza” al consumo di suolo e come generatori di percorsi civici. Dall’idea, alla gestione, infatti, e con varie declinazioni, i giardini sono da sempre frutto di azioni bottom-up. In un contesto assai differente da quello europeo (sia per la compagine sociale attiva, sia per gli “stili” di pianificazione), la relazione tra lo sviluppo immobiliare e il tessuto dei parchi e dei giardini diviene occasione per esplor…
Community Resilience to Cyclone Disasters in Coastal Bangladesh
2016
Bangladesh is one of the poorest and most disaster-prone countries in the world. To address both problems simultaneously, sustainable livelihoods (SL) could be better connected with disaster risk reduction (DRR). For this purpose, one initiative implemented in Bangladesh is called the Vulnerability to Resilience (V2R) programme which ran from 2013 to 2016. This programme was primarily initiated and funded by the British Red Cross in a consortium with the Swedish Red Cross and the German Red Cross. This article presents the first evaluation of the V2R programme with three objectives. The first objective was to measure whether the selected communities have achieved community resilience charac…