Search results for "Commuting"
showing 10 items of 39 documents
Suddenly Working From Home!
2022
Abstract. The Corona crisis and the lockdown in the spring of 2020 had various effects on working life in Europe. In this three-wave study, we assessed the trajectories of job demands and resources of 302 employees 2 weeks before the lockdown, over 1 week after lockdown start, and 6 weeks following the beginning of the lockdown. We applied a pre-post follow-up design with 129 employees who switched to telecommuting and a control group of 173 employees who remained in their on-site workplace. Results from the repeated-measures MANCOVA indicate that, despite various general changes to job characteristics because of the Corona crisis, telecommuting changes contributed to significant changes on…
Investigating stress in commuting university students
2012
Commuting can be considered as a chronic stressor, since it is often experienced as an unpleasant condition which negatively impacts on the individual psychological, physical and social well-being. Stress becomes dysfunctional and pathological when the individual negatively appraise specific situations. According to the National Institute for Statistics (ISTAT) commuters are people daily travelling out of their residence town for working or studying purposes irrespectively of the distance covered or the mean travel duration. To date, the most studies have been focused on stress among commuting workers; however, it is noteworthy that students represent a wide proportion of commuting populati…
Probability of mutually commuting n-tuples in some classes of compact groups
2008
In finite groups the probability that two randomly chosen elements commute or randomly ordered n−tuples of elements mutually commute have recently attracted interest by many authors. There are some classical results estimating the bounds for this kind of probability so that the knowledge of the whole structure of the group can be more accurate. The same problematic has been recently extended to certain classes of infinite compact groups in [2], obtaining restrictions on the group of the inner automorphisms. Here such restrictions are improved for a wider class of infinite compact groups.
Isoclinism in probability of commuting n-tuples
2009
Strong restrictions on the structure of a group $G$ can be given, once that it is known the probability that a randomly chosen pair of elements of a finite group $G$ commutes. Introducing the notion of mutually commuting n-tuples for compact groups (not necessary finite), the present paper generalizes the probability that a randomly chosen pair of elements of $G$ commutes. We shall state some results concerning this new concept of probability which has been recently treated in [3]. Furthermore a relation has been found between the notion of mutually commuting n-tuples and that of isoclinism between two arbitrary groups.
On some recent investigations of probability in group theory
2010
We describe some recent contributions on the probability of commuting pairs, introduced by P. Erdos, W. Gustafson and P. Turan around 1968 and 1973. Both combinatorial methods and character theory have significant application in this context and we illustrate some standard techniques and strategies, once generalizations of the probability of commuting pairs want to be studied. The importance of the subject is emphasized in some remarks and open questions, which reformulate some classical conjectures in group theory via a probabilistic approach.
The Organizational Climate for Sustainable Commuting: An Italian Validation Study in the Academic Sector
2021
Promoting sustainable commuting represents a valuable contribution to tackle the climate crisis, and organizations could act as frontrunners in this regard. Accordingly, conceptualizing and measuring how organizational environments contribute to sustainable commuting has become relevant. This study aims to conceptualize and operationalize the construct of Organizational Climate for Sustainable Commuting (OCSC) and validate the OCSC scale in the Italian language. Data were gathered in an Italian university from 8542 participants. The validation was based on EFA and CFA, reliability, and aggregation indices analyses. To validate the scale, convergent, discriminant, internal construct, and cri…
Economies d'agglomération et configurations spatiales dans les espaces ruraux
1997
The question to be addressed here is that of the agglomeration/dispersion forces that are likely to account for the location of people and jobs in rural areas and the way they explain spatial patterns in rural areas depending on urban influence. Economic geography models may provide suitable tools with which to investigate the organization of rural areas. We first review these models, focusing on dispersion forces, which rest basically on land consumption and transport costs. We suggest then a set of hypotheses concerning the main forces at work in rural areas. Intensity of agglomeration economies is hypothesized to be related to the urban size, which in turn induces increasing land rents a…
Solving congestion in cities : policies and contradictions
2009
International audience; Most cities in the world are now facing traffic gridlock. Local governements and transportation authorities are trying to tame a phenomenon which takes in fact very different forms depending on the level of social and economic development. Is it really possible to compare freeway gridlock in Los Angeles with rickshaw gridlock in Dhaka, Bangladesh ? When French cities embrace the development of urban bicycling, Chinese cities limit the use of bicycles. Using cases of cities in different parts of world, this presentation willl try to find some common trends in urban mobility policies and examine some contradictory developments.
The association of childhood commuting modes and physical activity in adult age
2022
Background Physically active lifestyle prevents and contributes to managing non-communicable diseases. Childhood physical activities have shown to associate with physically active lifestyle in adulthood. More research on which childhood physical activity modes associate with physical activity in later life is still needed. Within the present study, we examined how physically active commuting to school in childhood contributed to overall physical activity in adulhood. Methods The participants (N = 3596) were from the population-based, longitudinal Cardiovascular Risks in Young Finns Study. Questionnaires were used in assessing subjects' childhood (1980) and adulthood (2001-2018) physical act…
Public employees in South-Western Norway using an e-bike or a regular bike for commuting – A cross-sectional comparison on sociodemographic factors, …
2019
Large-scale analyses on the travel behavior of e-bikes are scarce, and current knowledge regarding who the e-bike owners are is inconsistent. Also, commuters represent a relevant user group with an unexploited potential. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine (i) associations between type of bike (e-bike vs. regular bike) with place of residence (county), sociodemographic variables (age, sex, educational level, income and ethnicity) and habitual physical activity level, and (ii) if public employees possessing an e-bike cycle more often and longer distances to work. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017 among 1977 (5.2% of eligible subjects) public employees in S…