Search results for "Comparative"

OHADA et COMMON LAW : amis ou ennemis?

2012

The article examines the oHADA law in a comparative perspective, trying to individuate how it can be considered from a common law perspective.

The EU’s online gambling regulatory approach and the crisis of legal modernity

2014

Mammary olfactory signalisation in females and odor processing in neonates: ways evolved by rabbits and humans

2009

International audience; Mammalian females have long been known to release olfactory attraction in their offspring. Mammary odor cues control infant state, attention and directional responses, delay distress responses, stimulate breathing and positive oral actions, and finally can boost learning. Here, we survey female-offspring odor communication in two mammalian species - European rabbits and humans - taken as representatives of evolutionary extremes in terms of structure and dynamics of mother-infant relations, and level of neonatal autonomy. Despite these early psychobiological differences, females in both species have evolved mammary structures combining multiple sources of endogenous a…

Use of ultrasonic vocalizations to assess olfactory detection in mouse pups treated with 3-methylindole.

2005

International audience; Altricial mammals use olfaction long before the olfactory bulb has reached its anatomically mature state. Indeed, while audition and vision are still not functional, the olfactory system of newborn animals can clearly process distinct odorant molecules. Although several previous studies have emphasized the important role that olfaction plays in early critical functions, it has been difficult to develop a sensitive and reliable test to precisely quantify olfactory ability in pups. One difficulty in determining early sensory capabilities is the rather limited behavioral repertory of neonates. The present study examines the use of ultrasonic vocalizations emitted by iso…

Cost uncertainty and trade liberalization in international oligopoly

1998

Abstract Trade liberalization has been shown to be unfavourable for firms of at least one country for the homogeneous goods case in an environment of certainty. We show that, in the presence of private cost information and for ex ante identical firms, oligopolistic firms will prefer to operate under free trade rather than under autarky in homogeneous goods industries provided there exists a certain degree of firms' heterogeneity and a sufficiently large amount of uncertainty. For the particular case of symmetry both in demand and industry sizes, the firms of at least one country prefer to operate under autarky rather than under free trade.

Frequent chromosomal gains in recurrent juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

2007

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare benign tumor, mostly affecting adolescent males. Some patients develop recurrences after surgery independently of completeness of removal. Only very limited data concerning underlying chromosomal changes are available. We therefore analyzed samples of 22 JNAs, including six recurrences, with comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Additionally, quantitative image cytometry was used for measurement of DNA aneuploidy in representative samples. Of the 13 primary JNAs without later recurrence, DNA gains were identified on autosomes in only two samples. Four patients with one or two recurrences were included in the study; for one of these, no…

A prospective randomised, open-labeled, trial comparing sirolimus-containing versus mTOR-inhibitor-free immunosuppression in patients undergoing live…

2010

Abstract Background The potential anti-cancer effects of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are being intensively studied. To date, however, few randomised clinical trials (RCT) have been performed to demonstrate anti-neoplastic effects in the pure oncology setting, and at present, no oncology endpoint-directed RCT has been reported in the high-malignancy risk population of immunosuppressed transplant recipients. Interestingly, since mTOR inhibitors have both immunosuppressive and anti-cancer effects, they have the potential to simultaneously protect against immunologic graft loss and tumour development. Therefore, we designed a prospective RCT to determine if the mTOR inhibito…

Perfil genómico del neuroblastoma de alto riesgo mediante hibridación genómica comparada

2006

El neuroblastoma presenta alteraciones genéticas que predicen su evolución clínica. Ganancias cromosómicas completas están asociadas a estadios clínicos no avanzados y evolución favorable, mientras que pérdidas de 1p, ganancia de 17q y amplificación del gen MYCN (MNA) son indicativas de estadios clínicos avanzados y pronóstico desfavorable. Son neuroblastomas de alto riesgo (NB-HR) los presentes en niños mayores de un año: estadio 4 o MNA en cualquier estadio de enfermedad, excluyendo estadio 1. El pronóstico de estos enfermos es malo, incluso con tratamientos agresivos. Sólo MNA confiere valor pronóstico negativo. Se remitieron al Centro de Referencia Nacional del neuroblastoma 60 casos de…

The presence of genomic imbalances is associated with poor outcome in patients with burkitt lymphoma treated with dose-intensive chemotherapy includi…

2015

Part of this study has been reported as an oral presentation at the EHA Meeting in Vienna 2015.

Genome-wide association studies identify four ER negative-specific breast cancer risk loci

2013

Estrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumors represent 20-30% of all breast cancers, with a higher proportion occurring in younger women and women of African ancestry. The etiology and clinical behavior of ER-negative tumors are different from those of tumors expressing ER (ER positive), including differences in genetic predisposition. To identify susceptibility loci specific to ER-negative disease, we combined in a metaanalysis 3 genome-wide association studies of 4,193 ER-negative breast cancer cases and 35,194 controls with a series of 40 follow-up studies (6,514 cases and 41,455 controls), genotyped using a custom Illumina array, iCOGS, developed by the Collaborative Oncological Gene-environm…