Search results for "Compounds"

showing 10 items of 3372 documents

Untargeted metabolomics of rind essential oils allowed to differentiate two closely related clementine varieties

2021

[EN] Chemical characterization of clementine varieties (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.) essential oils (EO) can lead to variety identification and valorization of their potential use in food and aroma industries. The goal of this study was the chemometric discrimination between two very closely related and morphologically identical clementine varieties, Clemenules (NL) and Clemenpons (PO), based on their rind EO, to identify the differential volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and to determine their antioxidant capacity. EO rind volatile profile was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in Citrus fruit at different ripening stages grown two independent years in two di…

antioxidant activity<i>Citrus clementina</i>Plant ScienceflavedoSesquiterpeneArticlechemistry.chemical_compoundvolatile organic compoundsBIOQUIMICA Y BIOLOGIA MOLECULARCitrus clementinaFood scienceEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAromaEcologybiologyBotanyClemenulesFood preservationVolatile organics compoundsRipeningClemenponsDodecanalQ01 Food science and technologybiology.organism_classificationF60 Plant physiology and biochemistryUntargeted metabolomicschemistryU30 Research methodsQK1-989clemenulesGas chromatographycitrus clementinaclemenponsClementineF30 Plant genetics and breeding
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Critical parameters for adduct formation of the carcinogen (+)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol 9,10-epoxide with oligonucleotides.

1997

Various parameters relevant for the formation of dG adducts produced in the reaction of individual benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) stereoisomers with oligonucleotides have been studied. Reaction time, temperature, pH, molar ratio of diol epoxide and oligonucleotide, base sequence, and buffer system were shown to affect the amount of (+)-anti-BPDE dG adducts formed. Optimum experimental conditions for dG adduct formation were different depending on the base sequence context of the oligonucleotide employed [5'-d(CCTATAGATATCC) or 5'-d(CCTATTGCTATCC)]. In general, low temperature to allow a longer reaction time, slightly alkaline Tris-HCl (pH 7.5-8.0) or alkaline phosphate buffer (pH 11), l…

StereochemistryDiol78-Dihydro-78-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 910-oxideBiomedical EngineeringOligonucleotidesPharmaceutical ScienceEpoxideBioengineeringContext (language use)BuffersMedicinal chemistryAdductchemistry.chemical_compoundpolycyclic compoundsPharmacologyOligonucleotideHydrolysisOrganic ChemistryTemperatureHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationchemistryBenzo(a)pyreneCarcinogensPyreneEnantiomerBiotechnologyBioconjugate chemistry
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Influence of nitrogen status in wine alcoholic fermentation

2019

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for yeast during alcoholic fermentation. Nitrogen is involved in the biosynthesis of protein, amino acids, nucleotides, and other metabolites, including volatile compounds. However, recent studies have called several mechanisms that regulate its role in biosynthesis into question. An initial focus on S. cerevisiae has highlighted that the concept of "preferred" versus "non-preferred" nitrogen sources is extremely variable and strain-dependent. Then, the direct involvement of amino acids consumed in the formation of proteins and volatile compounds has recently been reevaluated. Indeed, studies have highlighted the key role of lipids in nitrogen regulation in…

chemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesVolatile Organic Compounds030306 microbiologyNitrogen[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Context (language use)WineSaccharomyces cerevisiaeEthanol fermentationMicrobiologyYeastAmino acid03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBiosynthesischemistryBiochemistryFermentationFermentationAmino AcidsEssential nutrient030304 developmental biologyFood ScienceWinemaking
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Palladium-catalysed direct cross-coupling of secondary alkyllithium reagents

2014

Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling of secondary C(sp(3)) organometallic reagents has been a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis, due to the problems associated with undesired isomerisation or the formation of reduction products. Based on our recently developed catalytic C-C bond formation with organolithium reagents, herein we present a Pd-catalysed cross-coupling of secondary alkyllithium reagents with aryl and alkenyl bromides. The reaction proceeds at room temperature and on short timescales with high selectivity and yields. This methodology is also applicable to hindered aryl bromides, which are a major challenge in the field of metal catalysed cross-coupling reactions.

Química organometàl·licachemistry.chemical_element010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesORGANOLITHIUM COMPOUNDSALKYLZINC REAGENTSCatalysisMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundCompostos orgànics SíntesiOrganic chemistryINVERSIONARYL CHLORIDESCONFIGURATION010405 organic chemistryDERIVATIVESArylESTERSGeneral ChemistryCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistryORGANIC HALIDESSELECTIVITYReagentvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumALKENYLATIONOrganic synthesisSelectivityIsomerizationPalladium
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Structural characterization of iron oxide/hydroxide nanoparticles in nine different parenteral drugs for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia by …

2013

Drug products containing iron oxide and hydroxide nanoparticles (INPs) are important for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia. Pharmaceuticals prepared by the complexation of different kinds of INPs and carbohydrates have different physicochemical and biopharmaceutic characteristics. The increasing number of parenteral non-biological complex drugs (NBCD) containing iron requires physicochemical methods for characterization and enabling of cross comparisons. In this context the structure and the level of crystallinity of the iron phases may be connected to the in vitro and in vivo dissolution rates, which etiologically determine the therapeutic and toxic effects. X-ray powder diffraction…

Chemistry PharmaceuticalClinical BiochemistryInorganic chemistryIron oxideMetal NanoparticlesPharmaceutical ScienceContext (language use)engineering.materialCrystallography X-RayIron sucroseFerric CompoundsAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMicroscopy Electron TransmissionX-Ray DiffractionIron Isomaltoside 1000Drug DiscoveryHydroxidesmedicineInfusions ParenteralLepidocrociteSpectroscopyAnemia Iron-DeficiencyIron deficiencymedicine.diseaseFerumoxytolTreatment OutcomechemistryengineeringHydroxidePowder Diffractionmedicine.drugJournal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
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Validation of a novel automatic deposition of bacteria and yeasts on MALDI target for MALDI-TOF MS-based identification using MALDI Colonyst robot

2017

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) -based identification of bacteria and fungi significantly changed the diagnostic process in clinical microbiology. We describe here a novel technique for bacterial and yeast deposition on MALDI target using an automated workflow resulting in an increase of the microbes' score of MALDI identification. We also provide a comparison of four different sample preparation methods. In the first step of the study, 100 Gram-negative bacteria, 100 Gram-positive bacteria, 20 anaerobic bacteria and 20 yeasts were spotted on the MALDI target using manual deposition, semi-extraction, wet deposition onto 70% formic …

Atmospheric ScienceCarboxylic Acidslcsh:MedicineAnaerobic BacteriaResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyMass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryAutomationSpectrum Analysis TechniquesYeastsEnvironmental Chemistrylcsh:ScienceMatrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass SpectrometryGram Negative BacteriaBacteriaOrganic Compoundslcsh:REcology and Environmental SciencesGram Positive BacteriaFormic AcidOrganic ChemistryOrganismsFungiChemical CompoundsBiology and Life SciencesEukaryotaBacteriologyRoboticsYeastChemistryAtmospheric ChemistrySpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationPhysical SciencesEarth Scienceslcsh:QAcid DepositionAcidsResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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The new era of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles

2009

The synthesis, the chemical and photochemical reactivity, and the use of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles in materials and as bioactive compounds have been reviewed. The material in this survey includes some historical background, general features, state-of-the-art applications together with a critical discussion about current limitations and suggestions for future developments.

HETEROCYCLES OXADIAZOLES BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS PHOTOCHEMISTRY FIVE-MEMBERED HETEROAROMATICSChemistryOrganic ChemistryNanotechnologyPhotochemical reactivitySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBiochemistryCritical discussion
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Impairment of learning and memory performances induced by BPA Evidences from the literature of a MoA mediated through an ED

2018

International audience; Many rodent studies and a few non-human primate data report impairments of spatial and non-spatial memory induced by exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), which are associated with neural modifications, particularly in processes involved in synaptic plasticity. BPA-induced alterations involve disruption of the estrogenic pathway as established by reversal of BPA-induced effects with estrogenic receptor antagonist or by interference of BPA with administered estradiol in ovariectomized animals. Sex differences in hormonal impregnation during critical periods of development and their influence on maturation of learning and memory processes may explain the sexual dimorphism obs…

0301 basic medicineNervous systemNervous systemendocrine systemmedicine.drug_classEndocrine disruptionBiologyEndocrine DisruptorsBiochemistryLearning and memory03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyMESH: PhenolsBisphenol APhenolsMemorymedicineMESH: Benzhydryl CompoundsAnimalsHumansBenzhydryl compoundsMESH: MemoryBenzhydryl CompoundsMode of actionMolecular BiologyBehavior Animalurogenital systemBrainCognitionEnvironmental exposureEnvironmental ExposureReceptor antagonistMESH: Endocrine Disruptors030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrySynaptic plasticity[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologieSignal transductionNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists
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Computation of conical intersections by using perturbation techniques

2005

Multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory, both in its single-state multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and multistate (MS-CASPT2) formulations, is used to search for minima on the crossing seams between different potential energy hypersurfaces of electronic states in several molecular systems. The performance of the procedures is tested and discussed, focusing on the problem of the nonorthogonality of the single-state perturbative solutions. In different cases the obtained structures and energy differences are compared with available complete active space self-consistent field and multireference configuration interaction solutions. Calculations on dif…

Potential Energy SurfacesConfiguration Interactions ; Perturbation Theory ; Potential Energy Surfaces ; Molecular Electronic States ; SCF Calculations ; Lithium Compounds ; Organic Compounds ; Wave FunctionsOrganic CompoundsChemistryComputationUNESCO::FÍSICAConfiguration InteractionsGeneral Physics and AstronomyMultireference configuration interactionConical surfaceSCF CalculationsPotential energyWave FunctionsMaxima and minima:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Molecular Electronic StatesQuantum mechanicsPerturbation TheoryLithium CompoundsStatistical physicsComplete active spacePerturbation theory (quantum mechanics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryWave functionThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Effects on α- and β-cell function of sequentially adding empagliflozin and linagliptin to therapy in people with type 2 diabetes previously receiving…

2017

Aims The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sequential treatment escalation with empagliflozin and linagliptin on laboratory markers of alpha- and beta cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) insufficiently controlled on metformin monotherapy. Methods Forty-four patients with T2DM received 25 mg empagliflozin for a duration of one month in an open-label fashion (treatment period (TP 1). Thereafter, patients were randomised to a double-blind add-on therapy with linagliptin 5 mg or placebo (TP 2) for one additional month. Alpha- and beta cell function were assessed with a standardised liquid meal test (LMT) and an intravenous (iv.) glucose challenge. Effi…

Blood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatment030209 endocrinology & metabolismLinagliptinType 2 diabetes030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyLinagliptinGlucagon03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyDouble-Blind MethodGlucosidesInternal medicineInsulin-Secreting CellsInternal MedicinemedicineEmpagliflozinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinBenzhydryl CompoundsProinsulinAgedbusiness.industryInsulinMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseGlucagonPostprandial PeriodMetforminEndocrinologyPostprandialTreatment OutcomeDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Glucagon-Secreting CellsGlucose Clamp TechniqueFemalebusinessmedicine.drugProinsulinDiabetes, obesitymetabolism
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