Search results for "Computation"

showing 10 items of 7362 documents

How does serendipity affect diversity in recommender systems? A serendipity-oriented greedy algorithm

2018

Most recommender systems suggest items that are popular among all users and similar to items a user usually consumes. As a result, the user receives recommendations that she/he is already familiar with or would find anyway, leading to low satisfaction. To overcome this problem, a recommender system should suggest novel, relevant and unexpected i.e., serendipitous items. In this paper, we propose a serendipity-oriented, reranking algorithm called a serendipity-oriented greedy (SOG) algorithm, which improves serendipity of recommendations through feature diversification and helps overcome the overspecialization problem. To evaluate our algorithm, we employed the only publicly available datase…

Computer science02 engineering and technologyRecommender systemDiversification (marketing strategy)Machine learningcomputer.software_genreTheoretical Computer SciencenoveltySingular value decompositionalgoritmit0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFeature (machine learning)serendipity-2018Greedy algorithmlearning to rankNumerical AnalysisSerendipitybusiness.industrysuosittelujärjestelmät020206 networking & telecommunicationsserendipityPopularityunexpectednessComputer Science ApplicationsComputational MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicsRanking020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerarviointiSoftware
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Wide area monitoring of sustained oscillations using double-stage mode decomposition

2018

Computer science020209 energy020208 electrical & electronic engineeringMode (statistics)Energy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyComputational physicsWide areaModeling and Simulation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringDecomposition (computer science)Sustained oscillationsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringDouble stageInternational Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems
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Automatic estimation of Purkinje-Myocardial junction hot-spots from noisy endocardial samples: A simulation study

2017

The reconstruction of the ventricular cardiac conduction system (CCS) from patient-specific data is a challenging problem. High-resolution imaging techniques have allowed only the segmentation of proximal sections of the CCS from images acquired ex vivo. In this paper, we present an algorithm to estimate the location of a set of Purkinje-myocardial junctions (PMJs) from electro-anatomical maps, as those acquired during radio-frequency ablation procedures. The method requires a mesh representing the myocardium with local activation time measurements on a subset of nodes. We calculate the backwards propagation of the electrical signal from the measurement points to all the points in the mesh …

Computer science0206 medical engineeringBiomedical Engineering02 engineering and technology030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPurkinje FibersSet (abstract data type)Automation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHumansComputer SimulationSegmentationMolecular BiologyCardiac electrophysiologyMyocardiumApplied MathematicsModels Cardiovascular020601 biomedical engineeringAmplitudeComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationAlgorithmAlgorithmsSoftwareEndocardiumInternational Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
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Simple computation of the approximated modulation transfer function (MTF) using spreadsheet-software: method and evaluation in five maxillofacial CBC…

2019

OBJECTIVES: To develop a simple way to compute the approximated modulation transfer function (MTF) manually using conventional spreadsheet software. METHODS: Basing on an edge-image a method was developed, facilitating computation of the edge spread and line spread function in open-source spreadsheet software (Gnumeric; http://projects.gnome.org/gnumeric/downloads.shtml). By means of the integrated fast Fourier transformation Fourier coefficients are obtained from the line spread function which can then be plotted vs spatial frequency to obtain MTF-plots. For the experimental evaluation an edge test object was exposed in five commercial CBCT devices for maxillofacial applications. RESULTS: …

Computer science030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineTechnical ReportSimple (abstract algebra)Optical transfer functionRadiography DentalHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingGeneral DentistryDigital signal processingSimple computationbusiness.industrySpreadsheet softwarePhantoms ImagingComputer Science::Software EngineeringReproducibility of Results030206 dentistryGeneral MedicineSpiral Cone-Beam Computed TomographyRadiographic Image EnhancementFourier transformOtorhinolaryngologysymbolsbusinessAlgorithmSoftware
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Approximate 3-Dimensional Electrical Impedance Imaging

2001

We discuss a new approach to three-dimensional electrical impedance imaging based on a reduction of the information to be demanded from a reconstruction algorithm. Images are obtained from a single measurement by suitably simplifying the geometry of the measuring chamber and by restricting the nature of the object to be imaged and the information required from the image. In particular we seek to establish the existence or non-existence of a single object (or a small number of objects) in a homogeneous background and the location of the former in the (x,y)-plane defined by the measuring electrodes. Given in addition the conductivity of the object rough estimates of its position along the z-a…

Computer scienceAcousticsSingle measurementGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesReconstruction algorithmComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)Object (computer science)Electrical impedance imagingPhysics - Medical PhysicsImage (mathematics)Reduction (complexity)HomogeneousPosition (vector)Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)Physics - Computational Physics
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Learning Improved Feature Rankings through Decremental Input Pruning for Support Vector Based Drug Activity Prediction

2010

The use of certain machine learning and pattern recognition tools for automated pharmacological drug design has been recently introduced. Different families of learning algorithms and Support Vector Machines in particular have been applied to the task of associating observed chemical properties and pharmacological activities to certain kinds of representations of the candidate compounds. The purpose of this work, is to select an appropriate feature ordering from a large set of molecular descriptors usually used in the domain of Drug Activity Characterization. To this end, a new input pruning method is introduced and assessed with respect to commonly used feature ranking algorithms.

Computer scienceActive learning (machine learning)business.industryFeature vectorPattern recognitionMachine learningcomputer.software_genreKernel methodComputational learning theoryRanking SVMFeature (machine learning)Artificial intelligencePruning (decision trees)businessFeature learningcomputer
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Hierarchical modeling for rare event detection and cell subset alignment across flow cytometry samples.

2013

Flow cytometry is the prototypical assay for multi-parameter single cell analysis, and is essential in vaccine and biomarker research for the enumeration of antigen-specific lymphocytes that are often found in extremely low frequencies (0.1% or less). Standard analysis of flow cytometry data relies on visual identification of cell subsets by experts, a process that is subjective and often difficult to reproduce. An alternative and more objective approach is the use of statistical models to identify cell subsets of interest in an automated fashion. Two specific challenges for automated analysis are to detect extremely low frequency event subsets without biasing the estimate by pre-processing…

Computer scienceAdaptive Immunitycomputer.software_genre0302 clinical medicineSingle-cell analysisEnumerationBiology (General)Immune ResponseEvent (probability theory)0303 health sciencesEcologymedicine.diagnostic_testT CellsStatisticsFlow Cytometry3. Good healthComputational Theory and MathematicsData modelModeling and SimulationMedicineData miningImmunotherapyResearch ArticleTumor ImmunologyQH301-705.5Immune CellsImmunologyContext (language use)BiostatisticsModels BiologicalFlow cytometry03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceGeneticsmedicineHumansSensitivity (control systems)Statistical MethodsImmunoassaysMolecular BiologyBiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologybusiness.industryImmunityReproducibility of ResultsPattern recognitionStatistical modelImmunologic SubspecialtiesLymphocyte SubsetsImmunologic TechniquesClinical ImmunologyArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerMathematics030215 immunologyPLoS computational biology
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Dynamic-shared Pharmacophore Approach as Tool to Design New Allosteric PRC2 Inhibitors, Targeting EED Binding Pocket.

2020

Abstract: The Polycomb Repressive complex 2 (PRC2) maintains a repressive chromatin state and silences many genes, acting as methylase on histone tails. This enzyme was found overexpressed in many types of cancer. In this work, we have set up a Computer-Aided Drug Design approach based on the allosteric modulation of PRC2. In order to minimize the possible bias derived from using a single set of coordinates within the protein-ligand complex, a dynamic workflow was developed. In details, molecular dynamic was used as tool to identify the most significant ligand-protein interactions from several crystallized protein structures. The identified features were used for the creation of dynamic pha…

Computer scienceAllosteric regulationBinding pocketmacromolecular substancesComputational biologyMolecular Dynamics SimulationLigands01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesProtein structureStructural BiologyDrug DiscoveryHumans030304 developmental biologyEED0303 health sciencesVirtual screeningBinding SitesbiologyOrganic ChemistryMolecular DynamicPolycomb Repressive Complex 2Dynamic pharmacophorePRC20104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsChromatinMolecular Docking Simulation010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryROC CurveDocking (molecular)Drug Designbiology.proteinMolecular MedicinePharmacophorePRC2Allosteric SiteProtein BindingMolecular informaticsReferences
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Cryptanalysis of Knapsack Cipher Using Ant Colony Optimization

2018

Ant Colony Optimization is a search metaheuristic inspired by the behavior of real ant colonies and shown their effectiveness, robustness to solve a wide variety of complex problems. In this paper, we present a novel Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based attack for cryptanalysis of knapsack cipher algorithm. A Cipher-text only attack is used to discover the plaintext from the cipher-text. Moreover, our approach allows us to break knapsack cryptosystem in a minimum search space when compared with other techniques. Experimental results prove that ACO can be used as an effective tool to attack knapsack cipher.

Computer scienceAnt colony optimization algorithmsMathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSISMerkle–Hellman knapsack cryptosystemPlaintextData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORYAnt colonyComputingMethodologies_ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCElaw.inventionKnapsack problemlawTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYCryptosystemCryptanalysisAlgorithmMetaheuristicSSRN Electronic Journal
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Guest Editors' Introduction to the Special Section on Algorithms in Bioinformatics

2008

Computer scienceApplied MathematicsComputational genomicsGeneticsSpecial sectionGenomicsAlgorithm designBioinformaticsBiological computationBiotechnologyComputational and Statistical GeneticsIEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
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