Search results for "Computation"

showing 10 items of 7362 documents

Direct RNA nanopore sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 extracted from critical material from swabs

2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn consideration of the increasing prevalence of COVID-19 cases in several countries and the resulting demand for unbiased sequencing approaches, we performed a direct RNA sequencing experiment using critical oropharyngeal swab samples collected from Italian patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 from the Palermo region in Sicily.MethodsHere, we identified the sequences SARS-CoV-2 directly in RNA extracted from critical samples using the Oxford Nanopore MinION technology without prior cDNA retro-transcription.ResultsUsing an appropriate bioinformatics pipeline, we could identify mutations in the nucleocapisid (N) gene, which have been reported previously in studies conducted in…

Systematic errorCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Complementary DNASevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)MinionRNAComputational biologyNanopore sequencingBiologyGene
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Errors in Monte Carlo simulations using shift register random number generators

1996

We report large systematic errors in Monte Carlo simulations of the tricritical Blume-Capel model using single spin Metropolis updating. The error, manifest as a $20\%$ asymmetry in the magnetisation distribution, is traced to the interplay between strong triplet correlations in the shift register random number generator and the large tricritical clusters. The effect of these correlations is visible only when the system volume is a multiple of the random number generator lag parameter. No such effects are observed in related models.

Systematic errorPhysicsRandom number generationmedia_common.quotation_subjectLagMonte Carlo methodCondensed Matter (cond-mat)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsCondensed MatterAsymmetryComputer Science ApplicationsDistribution (mathematics)Computational Theory and MathematicsCondensed Matter::Statistical MechanicsStatistical physicsMathematical Physicsmedia_commonSpin-½Shift register
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One is not enough: On the effects of reference genome for the mapping and subsequent analyses of short-reads.

2020

Mapping of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) reads to a single arbitrary reference genome is a frequently used approach in microbial genomics. However, the choice of a reference may represent a source of errors that may affect subsequent analyses such as the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and phylogenetic inference. In this work, we evaluated the effect of reference choice on short-read sequence data from five clinically and epidemiologically relevant bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens). Publicly available whole-genome assemblies encompassing the genomic diversity of these species…

Systematic errorSingle Nucleotide PolymorphismsPathology and Laboratory MedicineGenomeKlebsiella PneumoniaeDatabase and Informatics MethodsData sequencesKlebsiellaMedicine and Health SciencesBiology (General)CladePhylogenyData ManagementEcologyPhylogenetic treeBacterial GenomicsMicrobial GeneticsChromosome MappingHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingPhylogenetic AnalysisGenomicsBacterial PathogensPhylogeneticsLegionella PneumophilaComputational Theory and MathematicsMedical MicrobiologyModeling and SimulationPathogensSequence AnalysisResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesBioinformaticsQH301-705.5LegionellaSequence alignmentSingle-nucleotide polymorphismGenomicsComputational biologyMicrobial GenomicsBiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsPolymorphism Single NucleotideMicrobiologyCellular and Molecular NeurosciencePhylogeneticsGeneticsSNPBacterial GeneticsEvolutionary SystematicsMolecular BiologyMicrobial PathogensEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTaxonomyEvolutionary BiologyBacteriaOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesBacteriologySequence AlignmentGenome BacterialReference genomePLoS Computational Biology
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Seven Mathematical Models of Hemorrhagic Shock

2021

Although mathematical modelling of pressure-flow dynamics in the cardiocirculatory system has a lengthy history, readily finding the appropriate model for the experimental situation at hand is often a challenge in and of itself. An ideal model would be relatively easy to use and reliable, besides being ethically acceptable. Furthermore, it would address the pathogenic features of the cardiovascular disease that one seeks to investigate. No universally valid model has been identified, even though a host of models have been developed. The object of this review is to describe several of the most relevant mathematical models of the cardiovascular system: the physiological features of circulator…

Systems AnalysisComputer scienceRespiratory SystemComputer applications to medicine. Medical informatics0206 medical engineeringR858-859.7Blood PressureReview Article02 engineering and technologyShock Hemorrhagic030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyKey issuesCardiovascular SystemSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHemorrhagic ShockHumansComputer SimulationVascular hemodynamicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyMathematical modelManagement scienceApplied MathematicsScale (chemistry)HemodynamicsModels CardiovascularComputational BiologyMathematical ConceptsGeneral Medicine020601 biomedical engineeringBiomechanical PhenomenaCardiovascular modelModeling and SimulationSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaHemorrhagic shockCardiovascular dynamicsmathematical modelComputational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
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Translocation Biosensors – Cellular System Integrators to Dissect CRM1-Dependent Nuclear Export by Chemicogenomics

2009

Fluorescent protein biosensors are powerful cellular systems biology tools for dissecting the complexity of cellular processes with high spatial and temporal resolution. As regulated nucleo-cytoplasmic transport is crucial for the modulation of numerous (patho)physiological cellular responses, a detailed understanding of its molecular mechanism would open up novel options for a rational manipulation of the cell. In contrast to genetic approaches, we here established and employed high-content cellular translocation biosensors applicable for dissecting nuclear export by chemicogenomics. A431 cell lines, stably expressing a translocation biosensor composed of glutathione S-transferase, GFP and…

Systems biologyChemical biologyNanotechnologychemical biologyComputational biologyBiologylcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleAnalytical ChemistryGreen fluorescent proteinFlow cytometrychemical biology; cancer; Exportin 1/CRM1; HIV-1 Rev; import; LMB; nucleocytoplasmic transport; nucleoporinimportmedicinecancerlcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNuclear export signalLMBInstrumentationExportin 1/CRM1HIV-1 Revnucleocytoplasmic transportmedicine.diagnostic_testnucleoporinAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsChemical spacecancer ; HIV-1 Rev ; import ; nucleocytoplasmic transport ; LMB ; chemical biology ; Exportin 1/CRM1 ; nucleoporinNucleoporinNuclear transportBiologieSensors
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SYSCILIA, “A systems biology approach to dissect cilia function and its disruption in human genetic disease”

2012

Primary cilia are basically signaling hubs, harboring amongst others the noncanonical WNT, Hedgehog,and PDGF signaling systems, and their disruption leads to striking developmental defects. Some ciliopathy-associated proteins have recently been revealed to be physically or functionally associated in several distinct groupings, with limited connections to other crucial biological processes. Early proteomics studies have also suggested a discrete repertoire of about 1000 proteins within the organelle (i.e. <5% of the proteome) that are still in need of organisation into pathways and networks. Small, relatively isolated systems are often targeted by systems biology approaches under the assumpt…

Systems biologyCiliumProteomePoster PresentationWnt signaling pathwayCell BiologyComputational biologyBiologyProteomicsDevelopmental biologyHedgehogHuman geneticsCell biologyCilia
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Modular organization in the reductive evolution of protein-protein interaction networks

2006

Analysis of the reduction in genome size of Buchnera aphidicola from its common ancestor E. coli shows that the organization of networks into modules is the property that seems to be directly related with the evolutionary process of genome reduction.

Systems biologyComplex systemComputational biologyBiologyGenomeProtein protein interaction networkProtein–protein interactionBuchneraInteraction networkProtein Interaction MappingEscherichia coliAnimalsHumansDatabases ProteinGeneticsbusiness.industrySystems BiologyResearchbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionModular designbiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionProtein Structure TertiaryStructural Homology ProteinMultiprotein ComplexesBuchnerabusinessAlgorithmsGenome BacterialGenome Biology
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Reverse-engineering post-transcriptional regulation of gap genes in Drosophila melanogaster

2013

16 páginas, 6 figuras, 1 tabla

Systems biologyContext (language use)Computational biology03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineKrüppelGeneticsAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyPost-transcriptional regulationlcsh:QH301-705.5Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGap gene030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health sciencesEcologybiologyModels GeneticProtein StabilitySystems BiologyGene Expression Regulation Developmentalbiology.organism_classificationRepressor ProteinsDrosophila melanogasterComputational Theory and Mathematicslcsh:Biology (General)Modeling and SimulationIdentifiabilityDrosophila melanogasterGenetic Engineering030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDrosophila ProteinResearch Article
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THE INFLUENCE OF CONTRARIANS AND OPPORTUNISTS ON THE STABILITY OF A DEMOCRACY IN THE SZNAJD MODEL

2004

Sznajd-Weron and Sznajd introduced a model investigating the democratic development in a closed community. This model is based on the USDF-principle ("united we stand, divided we fall"). However, it faces the problem that the system tends either to a dictatorship (i.e., 100% pro or 100% contra) or to a stalemate state (i.e., exactly 50% pro, 50% contra). Based on their model, I will show that a democratic system keeps alive due to the existence of both opportunists and persons in opposition.

Sznajd modelmedia_common.quotation_subjectOpposition (politics)General Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsStalemateDictatorshipDemocracyComputer Science ApplicationsComputational Theory and MathematicsState (polity)Political sciencePolitical economyDemocratic systemMathematical Physicsmedia_commonInternational Journal of Modern Physics C
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Design procedure for prestressed concrete beams

2014

Abstract. The theoretical basis and the main results of a design procedure, which attempts to provide the optimal layout of ordinary reinforcement in prestressed concrete beams, subjected to bending moment and shear force are presented. The difficulties encountered in simulating the actual behaviour of prestressed concrete beam in presence of coupled forces bending moment - shear force are discussed; particular emphasis is put on plastic models and stress fields approaches. A unified model for reinforced and prestressed concrete beams under axial force - bending moment - shear force interaction is provided. This analytical model is validated against both experimental results collected in li…

T-beamMaterials scienceprestressed concretebusiness.industrydesignShear forceComputational MechanicsStructural engineeringshear; shear and flexure interaction; prestressed concrete; design; plasticityshearPlasticityPhysics::Classical Physicsshear flexure prestressed concrete design plasticitylaw.inventionSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniPrestressed concreteShear (geology)lawplasticityshear and flexure interactionBending momentShear and moment diagrambusinessBeam (structure)
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