Search results for "Computation"

showing 10 items of 7362 documents

Adaptive discontinuous evolution Galerkin method for dry atmospheric flow

2014

We present a new adaptive genuinely multidimensional method within the framework of the discontinuous Galerkin method. The discontinuous evolution Galerkin (DEG) method couples a discontinuous Galerkin formulation with approximate evolution operators. The latter are constructed using the bicharacteristics of multidimensional hyperbolic systems, such that all of the infinitely many directions of wave propagation are considered explicitly. In order to take into account multiscale phenomena that typically appear in atmospheric flows nonlinear fluxes are split into a linear part governing the acoustic and gravitational waves and a nonlinear part that models advection. Time integration is realiz…

Backward differentiation formulasteady statesPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Wave propagationdry atmospheric convectionlarge time stepsystems of hyperbolic balance lawssymbols.namesakeDiscontinuous Galerkin methodApplied mathematicsevolution Galerkin schemesGalerkin methodMathematicssemi-implicit approximationNumerical AnalysisAdaptive mesh refinementApplied MathematicsEuler equationsRiemann solverComputer Science ApplicationsEuler equationsComputational MathematicsNonlinear systemClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationsymbolsJournal of Computational Physics
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Invasion Ability and Disease Dynamics of Environmentally Growing Opportunistic Pathogens under Outside-Host Competition

2014

Most theories of the evolution of virulence concentrate on obligatory host-pathogen relationship. Yet, many pathogens replicate in the environment outside-host where they compete with non-pathogenic forms. Thus, replication and competition in the outside-host environment may have profound influence on the evolution of virulence and disease dynamics. These environmentally growing opportunistic pathogens are also a logical step towards obligatory pathogenicity. Efficient treatment methods against these diseases, such as columnaris disease in fishes, are lacking because of their opportunist nature. We present a novel epidemiological model in which replication and competition in the outside-hos…

Bacterial Diseases0106 biological sciencesPopulation ModelingDisease01 natural sciencesTheoretical EcologyMedicine and Health SciencesPathogenPOPULATIONmedia_common0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyPREDATIONMultidisciplinaryEcologyTransmission (medicine)EcologySimulation and ModelingQRCHANNEL CATFISHEVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICSCOMMUNITYInfectious DiseasesHost-Pathogen Interactions1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyMedicineAlgorithmsResearch ArticleTRANSMISSIONSciencemedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationPopulationVirulenceOpportunistic InfectionsBiologyResearch and Analysis Methods010603 evolutionary biologyCompetition (biology)03 medical and health sciences14. Life underwaterParasite EvolutioneducationEvolutionary dynamicsta413030304 developmental biologyEvolutionary BiologyMathematical ModelingSTABILITYMORTALITYEcology and Environmental SciencesBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyFLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNAREOutbreakModels TheoreticalEmerging Infectious DiseasesEvolutionary Ecologyta1181VIRULENCEParasitologyInfectious Disease ModelingPLoS ONE
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Microbial Diversity in the Midguts of Field and Lab-Reared Populations of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis

2011

Background: Insects are associated with microorganisms that contribute to the digestion and processing of nutrients. The European Corn Borer (ECB) is a moth present world-wide, causing severe economical damage as a pest on corn and other crops. In the present work, we give a detailed view of the complexity of the microorganisms forming the ECB midgut microbiota with the objective of comparing the biodiversity of the midgut-associated microbiota and explore their potential as a source of genes and enzymes with biotechnological applications. Methodological/Principal Findings: A high-throughput sequencing approach has been used to identify bacterial species, genes and metabolic pathways, parti…

Bacterium identificationEuropean corn borerMicrobial diversityEuropean corn borerStaphylococcusBiodiversityOstrinia nubilalisNegibacteriaMothsAnimal tissueOstriniaMidgutMicrobial population dynamicsBacteria (microorganisms)PhylogenyMultidisciplinaryIntestine floraEcologybiologyBacterial geneSystems BiologyQRHexapodafood and beveragesAgricultureGenomicsLepidopteraPosibacteriaMAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOSMedicineSynthetic BiologySequence AnalysisResearch ArticleBiotechnologyScienceBiological Data ManagementBacterial genomeMicrobiologydigestive systemZea maysArticleLepidoptera genitaliaMetabolic NetworksGeneticsAnimalsMicrobiomeBiologyWeissella paramesenteroidesBacteriabusiness.industryfungiStaphylococcus warneriComputational BiologyMidgutPopulation abundancebiology.organism_classificationNonhumanBiotechnologyAgronomyMetagenomicsWeissellaFISICA APLICADAMetagenomePEST analysisbusinessControlled studyAgroecology
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Constrained consistency enforcement in AHP

2020

Abstract Decision-making in the presence of intangible elements must be based on a robust, but subtle, balance between expert know-how and judgment consistency when eliciting that know-how. This balance is frequently achieved as a trade-off reached after a feedback process softens the tension frequently found between one force steadily pulling towards (full) consistency, and another force driven by expert feeling and opinion. The linearization method, developed by the authors in the framework of the analytic hierarchy process, is a pull-towards-consistency mechanism that shows the path from an inconsistent body of judgment elicited from an expert towards consistency, by suggesting optimal c…

Balance (metaphysics)0209 industrial biotechnologyExpert judgmentConsensusOperations researchRiesz representation theoremProcess (engineering)Computer scienceAHPApplied MathematicsAnalytic hierarchy process020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technologyComputational Mathematics020901 industrial engineering & automationConsistency (negotiation)LinearizationSettore ING-IND/17 - Impianti Industriali MeccaniciPath (graph theory)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringConsistencyEnforcementMATEMATICA APLICADADecision-making
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Taxonomic categorisation of motivic patterns

2009

The issue of pattern description in computational models for motivic analysis is closely related to the cognitive debate on categorisation, in which are traditionally opposed “well-defined” and “ill-defined” categorisations. The ill-defined conceptualisation has been considered as a suitable framework for the formalisation of musical categorisation as it takes into account motivic variations. It seems that computational models rely rather on well-defined categorisation, due to its better controllability. The computational model we previously presented (Lartillot & Toiviainen, 2007) strikes a balance by developing a new flexible framework allowing the taking into account of unrestricted…

Balance (metaphysics)ControllabilityHierarchyComputational modelTheoretical computer scienceTaxonomy (general)Explanatory modelExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyCognitionAlgorithmMusicMathematicsMusicae Scientiae
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Efficient Benzodithiophene/Benzothiadiazole-Based n-Channel Charge Transporters

2017

A series of donor–acceptor (D-A) small molecules based on electron-deficient benzothiadiazole (BTD) and electron-rich benzodithiophene (BDT) featuring an A-D-A structure is presented. Exhaustive spectroscopic, electrochemical, and computational studies evidence their electroactive nature and their ability to form well-ordered thin films with broad visible absorptions and low band gaps (ca. 2 eV). Time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) studies unveil unexpected n-type charge transport displaying high electron mobilities around 0.1 cm2 V−1 s−1. Efficient electron transport properties are consistent with the low electron reorganization energies (0.11–0.17 eV) theoretically predicted.

Band gapChemistryQuímica orgánicaCharge (physics)02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryElectron010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyElectrochemistry01 natural sciencesElectron transport chainSmall molecule0104 chemical sciencesChemical physicsComputational chemistryN channelThin film0210 nano-technology
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Electron delocalization in mixed-valence Keggin polyoxometalates. Ab initio calculation of the local effective transfer integrals and its consequence…

2002

We present a quantitative evaluation of the influence of the electron transfer on the magnetic properties of mixed-valence polyoxometalates reduced by two electrons. For that purpose, we extract from valence-spectroscopy ab initio calculations on embedded fragments the value of the transfer integrals between W nearest-neighbor atoms in a mixed-valence alphaPW(12)O(40) polyoxowolframate Keggin anion. In contradiction with what is usually assumed, we show that the electron transfer between edge-sharing and corner-sharing WO(6) octahedra have very close values. Considering fragments of various ranges, we analyze the accuracy of calculations on fragments based on only two WO(5) pyramids which s…

Band gapelectron delocalizationAb initioElectronic structureElectron010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMolecular physicsCatalysisIonElectron transferColloid and Surface ChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistrypolyoxometalesmixed-valenceValence (chemistry)010405 organic chemistryChemistryGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryConfiguration interaction0104 chemical sciencesmagnetismDiamagnetism[PHYS.COND.CM-SCE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Strongly Correlated Electrons [cond-mat.str-el]
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An attempt to realise the constrained search approach in the density functional theory

2001

Abstract The problem of reconstruction of wave functions from a given electron density is considered. A reformulation of the problem is proposed which is based on the Fourier transform. Arising mathematical problems are studied, namely, the properties of reduced spatial densities and their Fourier images are obtained, which follow from known properties of the wave functions. The proposed approach may provide a practical implementation of the Constrained Search Approach to the DFT.

BandlimitingPhysicssymbols.namesakeDiscrete Fourier transform (general)Fourier transformComputational chemistryFourier analysisDiscrete-time Fourier transformMathematical analysisFourier opticssymbolsWave functionFractional Fourier transform
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BlotBase: a northern blot database.

2008

With the availability of high-throughput gene expression analysis, multiple public expression databases emerged, mostly based on microarray expression data. Although these databases are of significant biomedical value, they do hold significant drawbacks, especially concerning the reliability of single gene expression profiles obtained by microarray data. Simultaneously, reliable data on an individual gene's expression are often published as single northern blots in individual publications. These data were not yet available for high-throughput screening. To reduce the gap between high-throughput expression data and individual highly reliable expression data, we designed a novel database "Blo…

Bar chartHUGO Gene Nomenclature CommitteeValue (computer science)Information Storage and RetrievalBiologycomputer.software_genrePolymerase Chain Reactionlaw.inventionMicelawGeneticsComputer GraphicsMicroarray databasesAnimalsHumansNorthern blotDatabases ProteinDNA PrimersInternetDatabaseMicroarray analysis techniquesSequence Analysis RNAGene Expression ProfilingFull text searchComputational BiologyGeneral MedicineBlotting NorthernGene expression profilingDatabase Management SystemscomputerSoftwareGene
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CMB Anisotropy Computations Using Hydra Gas Code

2014

From FFP6 to FFP11, we presented the advances in our Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropy computations using N-body Hydra Codes. For such computations, codes without baryons were used: First sequential versions and afterwards parallel ones. With both of them we computed the weak lensing and the Rees-Sciama contributions to the CMB angular power spectrum. Using our numerical techniques, we reported a lensing effect higher than that estimated in previous papers (for very small angular scales). Our CMB computations require less interpolations and approximations than other approaches. This could explain part of our excess of power in lensing computations. Our higher time and angular res…

BaryonPhysicsComputationCosmic microwave backgroundDark matterAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSpectral densityAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAnisotropySpectral lineWeak gravitational lensingComputational physics
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