Search results for "Computer Science Application"

showing 10 items of 3998 documents

Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of New Oleanolic Acid and Lupeol Derivatives against Leukemia Cell Lines: Involvement of the NF-κB Pathway

2022

Oleanolic acid (OA) and Lupeol (LU) belong to the class of natural triterpenes and are endowed with a wide range of biological activities, including cytotoxicity toward several cancer cell lines. In this context, we investigated a set of compounds obtained from the two natural precursors for the cytotoxicity against leukemia HL60 cells and the multidrug-resistant (MDR) variant HL60R. Six new semi-synthetic triterpenes have been synthetized, fully characterized, and were investigated together with other triterpenes compounds for their pharmacological mechanism of action. The interaction of the more cytotoxic compounds with the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway has been also evalua…

CatalysisCell LineInorganic ChemistryNeoplasmsHumansantitumor activityNF-kBPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologySpectroscopyLeukemiaHL60ROrganic ChemistryNF-kappa BLupeolOleanolic acidSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaGeneral MedicineSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaTriterpenesComputer Science ApplicationsOleanolic acid; Lupeol; HL60; HL60R; antitumor activity; NF-κB; dockingHL60dockingSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaPentacyclic TriterpenesInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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On Approximation of Entropy Solutions for One System of Nonlinear Hyperbolic Conservation Laws with Impulse Source Terms

2010

We study one class of nonlinear fluid dynamic models with impulse source terms. The model consists of a system of two hyperbolic conservation laws: a nonlinear conservation law for the goods density and a linear evolution equation for the processing rate. We consider the case when influx-rates in the second equation take the form of impulse functions. Using the vanishing viscosity method and the so-called principle of fictitious controls, we show that entropy solutions to the original Cauchy problem can be approximated by optimal solutions of special optimization problems.

Cauchy problemConservation lawOptimization problemEntropy solutionsArticle SubjectVanishing viscosity methodMathematical analysisNonlinear fluid dynamicmodelsNonlinear conservation lawlcsh:QA75.5-76.95Computer Science ApplicationsNonlinear systemlcsh:TA1-2040Modeling and SimulationEvolution equationNonlinear fluid dynamicmodels; Vanishing viscosity method; Principle of fictitious controls; Entropy solutionsPrinciple of fictitious controlslcsh:Electronic computers. Computer scienceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Hyperbolic partial differential equationEntropy (arrow of time)MathematicsJournal of Control Science and Engineering
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Boundary value steady solutions of a class of hydrodynamic models for vehicular traffic flow

2003

This paper deals with the solution of a boundary value problem related to a steady nonuniform description of a class of traffic flow models. The models are obtained by the closure of the mass conservation equation with a phenomenological relation linking the local mass velocity to the local density. The analysis is addressed to define the proper framework toward the identification of the parameter characterizing the model. The last part of the paper develops a critical analysis also addressed to the design of new traffic flow models.

Cauchy problemMathematical optimizationPartial differential equationSteady stateDifferential equationClosure (topology)Traffic flowComputer Science ApplicationsMicroscopic traffic flow modelModelling and SimulationModeling and SimulationApplied mathematicsBoundary value problemMathematicsMathematical and Computer Modelling
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Stellar hydrodynamics with glaister's riemann solver: An approach to the stellar collapse

1990

La resolution de Remann approximee de la solution des equations d'Euler de la dynamique des gaz 1 D, developpee par Glaister P. (1988, J. Comput. Phys., 74) est introduite dans un code hydrodynamique lagrangien et appliquee a l'effondrement stellaire a symetrie spherique

Cauchy problemPhysicsNumerical AnalysisPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Applied MathematicsWhite dwarfGas dynamicsRiemann solverComputer Science ApplicationsComputational MathematicsSupernovasymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationGravitational collapsesymbolsCircular symmetryStellar evolutionJournal of Computational Physics
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Linear and nonlinear parametric model identification to assess granger causality in short-term cardiovascular interactions

2008

We assessed directional relationships between short RR interval and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) variability series according to the concept of Granger causality. Causality was quantified as the predictability improvement (PI) of a time series obtained when samples of the other series were used for prediction, i.e. moving from autoregressive (AR) to AR exogenous (ARX) prediction. AR and ARX predictions were performed both by linear and nonlinear parametric models. The PIs of RR given SAP and of SAP given RR, measuring baroreflex and mechanical couplings, were calculated in 15 healthy subjects in the resting supine and upright tilt positions. Using nonlinear models we found a bilateral i…

Causality (physics)Nonlinear systemSeries (mathematics)Autoregressive modelGranger causalityStatisticsParametric modelSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPredictabilityTime seriesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineMathematics
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Need of causal analysis for assessing phase relationships in closed loop interacting cardiovascular variability series

2003

The phase spectra obtained by the classical closed loop autoregressive model (2AR) and by an open loop autoregressive model (ARXAR) were compared to shed light on the need of introducing causality in the assessment of the delay between RR and arterial pressure oscillations. The reliability of the two approaches was tested in simulation and real data setting. In simulation, the coupling strength of a bivariate closed loop process was adjusted to obtain a range of working conditions from open to closed loop. In open loop condition, 2AR and ARXAR phases were comparable and in agreement with the imposed delay. In closed loop condition, ARXAR model returned the imposed delays, while 2AR showed a…

Causality (physics)Range (mathematics)Series (mathematics)Autoregressive modelControl theorySettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaPhase (waves)Open-loop controllerComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionBivariate analysisCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineCross-spectrumMathematics
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Exosomes as Intercellular Signaling Organelles Involved in Health and Disease: Basic Science and Clinical Applications

2013

Cell to cell communication is essential for the coordination and proper organization of different cell types in multicellular systems. Cells exchange information through a multitude of mechanisms such as secreted growth factors and chemokines, small molecules (peptides, ions, bioactive lipids and nucleotides), cell-cell contact and the secretion of extracellular matrix components. Over the last few years, however, a considerable amount of experimental evidence has demonstrated the occurrence of a sophisticated method of cell communication based on the release of specialized membranous nano-sized vesicles termed exosomes. Exosome biogenesis involves the endosomal compartment, the multivesicu…

Cell typeCell signalingcancer markersEndosomeReviewexosomesBiologyCatalysislcsh:ChemistryInorganic ChemistryExtracellularexosomecell signalingSecretionPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrylcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologySpectroscopycancer microenvironmentVesicleOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineMicrovesiclesComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologylcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Signal transductionInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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OPETH: Open Source Solution for Real-Time Peri-Event Time Histogram Based on Open Ephys

2019

Single cell electrophysiology remains one of the most widely used approaches of systems neuroscience. Decisions made by the experimenter during electrophysiology recording largely determine recording quality, duration of the project and value of the collected data. Therefore, online feedback aiding these decisions can lower monetary and time investment, and substantially speed up projects as well as allow novel studies otherwise not possible due to prohibitively low throughput. Real-time feedback is especially important in studies that involve optogenetic cell type identification by enabling a systematic search for neurons of interest. However, such tools are scarce and limited to costly co…

Cell typeSpeedupComputer scienceBiomedical EngineeringNeuroscience (miscellaneous)peri-event time histogramOptogeneticsMachine learningcomputer.software_genreopen ephys050105 experimental psychologyNeuron typeslcsh:RC321-571Photostimulation03 medical and health sciencesSoftware0302 clinical medicineopen sourceHistogramMethods0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesoptogeneticslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatrycomputer.programming_language030304 developmental biologySystems neuroscience0303 health sciencesbusiness.industrybehavior05 social sciencesPattern recognitionPython (programming language)NeurophysiologyelectrophysiologyComputer Science ApplicationsElectrophysiologyOpen sourceCell electrophysiologyArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Neuroinformatics
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Hypoxia and HIF Signaling: One Axis with Divergent Effects

2020

The correct concentration of oxygen in all tissues is a hallmark of cellular wellness, and the negative regulation of oxygen homeostasis is able to affect the cells and tissues of the whole organism. The cellular response to hypoxia is characterized by the activation of multiple genes involved in many biological processes. Among them, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) represents the master regulator of the hypoxia response. The active heterodimeric complex HIF α/β, binding to hypoxia-responsive elements (HREs), determines the induction of at least 100 target genes to restore tissue homeostasis. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that hypoxia signaling can act by generating contrasting res…

CellInflammationReviewBiologyCatalysislcsh:ChemistryInorganic ChemistryImmune systemSettore BIO/13 - Biologia ApplicataOxygen homeostasisBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription FactorsmedicineHumansRNA MessengerAcute and chronic diseasesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHypoxialcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologySpectroscopyTissue homeostasisInflammationKidneyImmune cellsOrganic ChemistryHIF-αNuclear ProteinsGeneral MedicineHypoxia (medical)Cell HypoxiaComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologyDNA-Binding ProteinsOxygenmedicine.anatomical_structurelcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1medicine.symptomSignal transductionSignal TransductionTranscription FactorsInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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GTVcut for neuro-radiosurgery treatment planning: an MRI brain cancer seeded image segmentation method based on a cellular automata model

2018

Despite of the development of advanced segmentation techniques, achieving accurate and reproducible gross tumor volume (GTV) segmentation results is still an important challenge in neuro-radiosurgery. Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most prominent modality in radiation therapy for soft-tissue anatomical districts. Gamma Knife stereotactic neuro-radiosurgery is a minimally invasive technology for dealing with inaccessible or insufficiently treated tumors with traditional surgery or radiotherapy. During a treatment planning phase, the GTV is generally contoured by experienced neurosurgeons and radiation oncologists using fully manual segmentation procedures on MR images. Unf…

Cellular automataBrain cancersING-INF/06 - BIOINGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA E INFORMATICABrain cancers; Cellular automata; Computer-assisted segmentation; Gamma Knife neuro-radiosurgery; MR imagingComputer sciencemedicine.medical_treatment02 engineering and technologyBrain cancerRadiosurgeryING-INF/05 - SISTEMI DI ELABORAZIONE DELLE INFORMAZIONI030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineSegmentationRadiation treatment planningModality (human–computer interaction)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputer Science ApplicationComputer-assisted segmentationINF/01 - INFORMATICAMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionGamma Knife neuro-radiosurgeryComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionImage segmentationCellular automatonComputer Science ApplicationsRadiation therapy020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessMR imaging
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