Search results for "Computer Science Applications"
showing 10 items of 3993 documents
A Review of the Water Desalination Technologies
2021
Desalination is commonly adopted nowadays to overcome the freshwater scarcity in some areas of the world if brackish water or salt water is available. Different kinds of technologies have been proposed in the last century. In this paper, the state of the mainstream solutions is reported, showing the current commercial technologies like reverse osmosis (RO), Multi-Stages Flash desalination (MSF) and Multi-Effect Distillation (MED), and the new frontiers of the research with the aim of exploiting renewable sources such as wind, solar and biomass energy. In these cases, seawater treatment plants are the same as traditional ones, with the only difference being that they use a renewable energy s…
Acceptance of Mobile Health Apps for Disease Management Among People With Multiple Sclerosis: Web-Based Survey Study
2018
Background: Mobile health (mHealth) apps might have the potential to promote self-management of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) in everyday life. However, the uptake of MS apps remains poor, and little is known about the facilitators and barriers for their efficient utilization, such as technology acceptance. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the acceptance of mHealth apps for disease management in the sense of behavioral intentions to use and explore determinants of utilization among people with MS based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Methods: Participants for this Web-based cross-sectional study were recruited throughout Germany with t…
Enabling Backoff for SCM Wake-Up Radio: Protocol and Modeling
2017
In sub-carrier modulation (SCM) wake-up radio (WuR) enabled wireless sensor networks, a node can initiate data transmission at any instant of time. In this letter, we propose to activate a backoff procedure before sending wake-up calls (WuCs) in order to avoid potential collisions among WuCs. Consequently, no backoff is needed for the main radio after a WuC is received. A discrete-time Markov chain model is developed to evaluate the performance. Numerical results on network throughput, energy efficiency, average delay, and collision probability reveal the benefits of enabling backoff for SCM-WuRs, especially under heavy traffic loads or saturated traffic conditions.
Extrapolation of water and formaldehyde harmonic and anharmonic frequencies to the B3LYP/CBS limit using polarization consistent basis sets
2010
The harmonic and anharmonic frequencies of fundamental vibrations in formaldehyde and water were successfully estimated using the B3LYP Kohn-Sham limit. The results obtained with polarization- and correlation-consistent basis sets were fitted with a two-parameter formula. Anharmonic corrections were obtained by a second order perturbation treatment (PT2). We compared the performance of the PT2 scheme on the two title molecules using SCF, MP2 and DFT (BLYP, B3LYP, PBE and B3PW91 functionals) methods combined with polarization consistent pc-n (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) basis sets, Dunning’s basis sets (aug)-cc-pVXZ where X = D, T, Q, 5, 6 and Pople’s basis sets up to 6-311++G(3df,2pd). The influence…
ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19
2022
The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing como…
On the effectiveness of Finite Element simulation of orthogonal cutting with particular reference to temperature prediction
2007
Abstract Finite Element simulation of orthogonal cutting is nowadays assuming a large relevance; in fact a very large number of papers may be found out in technical literature on this topic. In recent years, numerical simulation was performed to investigate various phenomena such as chip segmentation, force prediction and tool wear. On the other hand, some drawbacks have to be highlighted; due to the geometrical and computational complexity of the updated-Lagrangian formulation mostly used in FE codes, a cutting time of only a few milliseconds can be effectively simulated. Therefore, steady-state thermal conditions are not reached and the simulation of the thermal phenomenon may be ineffect…
Micro and macro mechanical characterization of friction stir welded Ti–6Al–4V lap joints through experiments and numerical simulation
2013
Abstract Lap joints of Ti–6Al–4V were produced and the effect of the main process parameters was studied through macro and micro investigations highlighting mechanical resistance, microhardness profiles, grain size and phase distributions. A dedicated numerical model was used to link the input process parameters to temperature and strain distributions and to the final microstructure in the welded joint. It is found that the strain produced in the stir zone by proper combination of process parameters plays a fundamental role in the final microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints.
CDRX modelling in friction stir welding of AA7075-T6 aluminum alloy: analytical approaches
2007
Abstract Friction stir welding (FSW) is an energy efficient and environmentally “friendly” (no fumes, noise, or sparks) welding process, during which the workpiece are welded together in a solid-state joining process at a temperature below the melting point of the workpiece material under a combination of extruding and forging. Significant microstructural evolution takes place during FSW: in particular continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) phenomena result in a highly refined grain structure in the weld nugget and strongly affect the final joint resistance. In the paper two different analytical models aimed to the determination of the average grain size due to continuous dynamic recry…
First Characterization of Novel Silicon Carbide Detectors with Ultra-High Dose Rate Electron Beams for FLASH Radiotherapy
2023
Ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) beams for FLASH radiotherapy present significant dosimetric challenges. Although novel approaches for decreasing or correcting ion recombination in ionization chambers are being proposed, applicability of ionimetric dosimetry to UHDR beams is still under investigation. Solid-state sensors have been recently investigated as a valuable alternative for real-time measurements, especially for relative dosimetry and beam monitoring. Among them, Silicon Carbide (SiC) represents a very promising candidate, compromising between the maturity of Silicon and the robustness of diamond. Its features allow for large area sensors and high electric fields, required to avoid ion r…
On the Greedy Algorithm for the Shortest Common Superstring Problem with Reversals
2015
We study a variation of the classical Shortest Common Superstring (SCS) problem in which a shortest superstring of a finite set of strings $S$ is sought containing as a factor every string of $S$ or its reversal. We call this problem Shortest Common Superstring with Reversals (SCS-R). This problem has been introduced by Jiang et al., who designed a greedy-like algorithm with length approximation ratio $4$. In this paper, we show that a natural adaptation of the classical greedy algorithm for SCS has (optimal) compression ratio $\frac12$, i.e., the sum of the overlaps in the output string is at least half the sum of the overlaps in an optimal solution. We also provide a linear-time implement…