Search results for "Computer Vision"

showing 10 items of 2353 documents

A method for automatic forensic facial reconstruction based on dense statistics of soft tissue thickness.

2019

In this paper, we present a method for automated estimation of a human face given a skull remain. The proposed method is based on three statistical models. A volumetric (tetrahedral) skull model encoding the variations of different skulls, a surface head model encoding the head variations, and a dense statistic of facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT). All data are automatically derived from computed tomography (CT) head scans and optical face scans. In order to obtain a proper dense FSTT statistic, we register a skull model to each skull extracted from a CT scan and determine the FSTT value for each vertex of the skull model towards the associated extracted skin surface. The FSTT values at p…

MaleFOS: Computer and information sciencesDatabases FactualComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)Statistics as TopicComputer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSocial SciencesDiagnostic RadiologyMathematical and Statistical TechniquesImage Processing Computer-AssistedMedicine and Health SciencesMusculoskeletal SystemTomographyPrincipal Component AnalysisRadiology and ImagingStatisticsQRClinical Laboratory Sciences004Physical SciencesMedicineFemaleAnatomic LandmarksAnatomyResearch ArticleAdultBiometrySoft TissuesImaging TechniquesScienceNeuroimagingNoseResearch and Analysis MethodsDiagnostic MedicineHumansStatistical MethodsSkeletonForensicsSkullBiology and Life SciencesComputed Axial TomographyBiological TissueFaceMultivariate AnalysisForensic AnthropologyLaw and Legal SciencesTomography X-Ray ComputedHeadMathematicsNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Deep Learning for fully automatic detection, segmentation, and Gleason Grade estimation of prostate cancer in multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imag…

2021

The emergence of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has had a profound impact on the diagnosis of prostate cancers (PCa), which is the most prevalent malignancy in males in the western world, enabling a better selection of patients for confirmation biopsy. However, analyzing these images is complex even for experts, hence opening an opportunity for computer-aided diagnosis systems to seize. This paper proposes a fully automatic system based on Deep Learning that takes a prostate mpMRI from a PCa-suspect patient and, by leveraging the Retina U-Net detection framework, locates PCa lesions, segments them, and predicts their most likely Gleason grade group (GGG). It uses 490 mp…

MaleFOS: Computer and information sciencesMultidisciplinaryDatabases FactualComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionProstateProstatic NeoplasmsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Medical PhysicsDeep LearningHumansMedical Physics (physics.med-ph)Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Retro-dimension-cue benefit in visual working memory

2016

AbstractIn visual working memory (VWM) tasks, participants’ performance can be improved by a retro-object-cue. However, previous studies have not investigated whether participants’ performance can also be improved by a retro-dimension-cue. Three experiments investigated this issue. We used a recall task with a retro-dimension-cue in all experiments. In Experiment 1, we found benefits from retro-dimension-cues compared to neutral cues. This retro-dimension-cue benefit is reflected in an increased probability of reporting the target, but not in the probability of reporting the non-target, as well as increased precision with which this item is remembered. Experiment 2 replicated the retro-dime…

MaleMemory loadArticle050105 experimental psychologyretro-object-cueTask (project management)visual working memoryYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDimension (vector space)Cognitive resource theoryReaction TimeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesta113MultidisciplinaryRecallWorking memory05 social sciencesInterval (music)Memory Short-TermFeature (computer vision)Mental RecallFemalePsychologyPhotic Stimulation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychology
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Spectral clustering of shape and probability prior models for automatic prostate segmentation.

2013

Imaging artifacts in Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) images and inter-patient variations in prostate shape and size challenge computer-aided automatic or semi-automatic segmentation of the prostate. In this paper, we propose to use multiple mean parametric models derived from principal component analysis (PCA) of shape and posterior probability information to segment the prostate. In contrast to traditional statistical models of shape and intensity priors, we use posterior probability of the prostate region determined from random forest classification to build, initialize and propagate our model. Multiple mean models derived from spectral clustering of combined shape and appearance parameters…

MaleModels StatisticalComputer scienceSegmentation-based object categorizationbusiness.industryPosterior probabilityProstateScale-space segmentationReproducibility of ResultsPattern recognitionImage segmentationModels BiologicalSensitivity and SpecificitySpectral clusteringPattern Recognition AutomatedPoint distribution modelSubtraction TechniqueImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedHumansComputer visionSegmentationComputer SimulationArtificial intelligencebusinessUltrasonographyAnnual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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Normalizing temporal patterns to analyze sit-to-stand movements by using registration of functional data

2004

Functional data analysis techniques provide an alternative way of representing movement and movement variability as a function of time. In particular, the registration of functional data provides a local normalization of time functions. This normalization transforms a set of curves, records of repeated trials, yielding a new set of curves that only vary in terms of amplitude. Therefore, main events occur at the "same time" for all transformed curves and interesting features of individual recordings remain after averaging processes. This paper presents an application of the registration process to the analysis of the vertical forces exerted on the ground by both feet during the sit-to-stand …

MaleNormalization (statistics)Computer scienceSit to standbusiness.industryMovementRehabilitationBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsFunctional data analysisBiomechanical PhenomenaWarping functionHumansFemaleOrthopedics and Sports MedicineComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessJournal of Biomechanics
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Contrast sensitivity of the visual system in speckle imagery

1994

The contrast sensitivity function (CSF) of the whole visual system is determined with the use of coherent diffuse illumination. This function provides supplementary data about the effect of speckle on the ability of the visual system to perceive the spatial information contained in an image. The results show that speckle not only prevents perception of the finest details (highest frequencies) but also reduces the visibility of lower frequencies (especially where contrast is low). The difference between the CSF's determined with and without speckle is quantitatively very important. And the ratio between the two CSF's is a measure of the retinal ability to perceive contrast in the presence of…

MalePhysicsLightgenetic structuresbusiness.industryImage qualitymedia_common.quotation_subjectPupilSpeckle noiseLuminanceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPupilElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsContrast SensitivitySpeckle patternOpticsHumansContrast (vision)FemaleComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSpatial frequencySensitivity (control systems)businessVision Ocularmedia_commonJournal of the Optical Society of America A
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A preliminary PET radiomics study of brain metastases using a fully automatic segmentation method

2020

AbstractBackgroundPositron Emission Tomography (PET) is increasingly utilized in radiomics studies for treatment evaluation purposes. Nevertheless, lesion volume identification in PET images is a critical and still challenging step in the process of radiomics, due to the low spatial resolution and high noise level of PET images. Currently, the biological target volume (BTV) is manually contoured by nuclear physicians, with a time expensive and operator-dependent procedure.This study aims to obtain BTVs from cerebral metastases in patients who underwent L-[11C]methionine (11C-MET) PET, using a fully automatic procedure and to use these BTVs to extract radiomics features to stratify between p…

MalePositron emission tomographyComputer scienceLesion volumelcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsBiochemistry030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingLesion03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRadiomicsStructural BiologyArtificial IntelligencemedicineHumansSegmentationNeoplasm Metastasislcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologyCancerActive contour modelRadiomicsmedicine.diagnostic_testBrain Neoplasmsbusiness.industryApplied MathematicsResearchCancerPattern recognitionMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseComputer Science ApplicationsCancer treatmentBiological target volumelcsh:Biology (General)Positron emission tomographyFeature (computer vision)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPositron-Emission TomographyFully automaticlcsh:R858-859.7FemaleActive contourArtificial intelligencemedicine.symptomRadiomicActive contour; Biological target volume; Cancer; Positron emission tomography; Radiomics.businessBMC Bioinformatics
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Joint Probability of Shape and Image Similarities to Retrieve 2D TRUS-MR Slice Correspondence for Prostate Biopsy

2012

International audience; This paper presents a novel method to identify the 2D axial Magnetic Resonance (MR) slice from a pre-acquired MR prostate volume that closely corresponds to the 2D axial Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) slice obtained during prostate biopsy. The method combines both shape and image intensity information. The segmented prostate contours in both the imaging modalities are described by shape-context representations and matched using the Chi-square distance. Normalized mutual information and correlation coefficient between the TRUS and MR slices are computed to find image similarities. Finally, the joint probability values comprising shape and image similarities are used in…

MaleProstate biopsyBiopsy[INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging030230 surgeryNormalized mutual information030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingImage (mathematics)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineJoint probability distribution[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingMedicineHumansComputer visionMR ProstateProbabilitymedicine.diagnostic_test[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imagingbusiness.industryUltrasoundProstatic NeoplasmsMagnetic resonance imagingImage segmentationMagnetic Resonance ImagingArtificial intelligencebusiness
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A spline-based non-linear diffeomorphism for multimodal prostate registration.

2012

This paper presents a novel method for non-rigid registration of transrectal ultrasound and magnetic resonance prostate images based on a non-linear regularized framework of point correspondences obtained from a statistical measure of shape-contexts. The segmented prostate shapes are represented by shape-contexts and the Bhattacharyya distance between the shape representations is used to find the point correspondences between the 2D fixed and moving images. The registration method involves parametric estimation of the non-linear diffeomorphism between the multimodal images and has its basis in solving a set of non-linear equations of thin-plate splines. The solution is obtained as the least…

MaleProstate biopsyProstate -- Cancer -- DiagnosisPhysics::Medical Physics[INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingHealth InformaticsSystem of linear equationsSensitivity and Specificity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingPattern Recognition AutomatedPròstata -- Càncer -- Diagnòstic03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial IntelligenceImage Interpretation Computer-Assistedmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingBhattacharyya distanceHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionThin plate splineMathematicsUltrasonographyRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_test[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imagingbusiness.industryProstatic NeoplasmsReproducibility of ResultsProstate -- BiopsyImage EnhancementComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignMagnetic Resonance ImagingPròstata -- BiòpsiaSpline (mathematics)Nonlinear systemHausdorff distanceNonlinear DynamicsComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSubtraction TechniqueImatgeria mèdicaComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionDiffeomorphismArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsImaging systems in medicineMedical image analysis
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A stochastic approach for automatic registration and fusion of left atrial electroanatomic maps with 3D CT anatomical images.

2007

The integration of electroanatomic maps with highly resolved computed tomography cardiac images plays an important role in the successful planning of the ablation procedure of arrhythmias. In this paper, we present and validate a fully-automated strategy for the registration and fusion of sparse, atrial endocardial electroanatomic maps (CARTO maps) with detailed left atrial (LA) anatomical reconstructions segmented from a pre-procedural MDCT scan. Registration is accomplished by a parameterized geometric transformation of the CARTO points and by a stochastic search of the best parameter set which minimizes the misalignment between transformed CARTO points and the LA surface. The subsequent …

MaleRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Computer sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentBiomedical EngineeringComputed tomographySensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedImaging Three-DimensionalLeft atrialArtificial IntelligenceAtrial FibrillationmedicineHumansComputer visionStochastic Processesmedicine.diagnostic_testRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryGeometric transformationBody Surface Potential MappingReproducibility of ResultsAblationCatheterSubtraction TechniqueFemaleArtificial intelligencebusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedAlgorithmsPhysics in medicine and biology
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