Search results for "Computer science"
showing 10 items of 22367 documents
Digital and Handcrafting Processes Applied to Sound-Studies of Archaeological Bone Flutes
2016
Bone flutes make use of a naturally hollow raw-material. As nature does not produce duplicates, each bone has its own inner cavity, and thus its own sound-potential. This morphological variation implies acoustical specificities, thus making it impossible to handcraft a true and exact sound-replica in another bone. This phenomenon has been observed in a handcrafting context and has led us to conduct two series of experiments (the first-one using handcrafting process, the second-one using 3D process) in order to investigate its exact influence on acoustics as well as on sound-interpretation based on replicas. The comparison of the results has shed light upon epistemological and methodological…
Entorno 3D para el análisis y la recreación virtual de las actuaciones arqueológicas en Cueva de la Cocina (Dos Aguas, Valencia, España)
2017
Con este trabajo pretendemos presentar nuestro procedimiento de digitalización de información de campo (gestión de datos) y su imbricación en la reconstrucción estratigráfica virtual (virtualización) de la Cueva de la Cocina (Dos Aguas, Valencia, España). La herramienta principal para la implementación del Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) ha sido OpenJUMP, mientras que para la recreación tridimensional (3D) del entorno virtual de la cueva se han utilizado MeshLab, ParaView, CloudCompare y R. De acuerdo con los datos recuperados durante las excavaciones de los últimos años en la cueva -2015 y 2016-, se presenta el estado actual de la virtualización de la estratigrafía en los sectores …
Quantifying Cereal-Reaping Microwear On Flint Tools: An Experimental Approach
2015
From the earliest Neolithic in the Near East to the last Chalcolithic cultures in Western Europe, certain flint tools have been used as sickles to harvest cereals. Such harvesting tools can be identified through use-wear analyses, because cutting herbaceous plants produces specific wear-traces on the working edge of flint blades. The aim of this work is to explore harvesting-driven microwear variability and, more particularly, intensity of use as a governing factor. To achieve this objective, an experiment was designed consisting in the production of flint replicas to be used as harvesting tools, in various controlled conditions. A simple, cost-effective method of quantifying wear-traces by…
Geomeasure: GIS and Scripting for Measuring Morphometric Variability
2019
This paper presents Geomeasure, a methodological tool developed to recover typometric information with a twofold objective. First, to speed up the process of gathering data by automatizing the way in which it is recovered. Second, it adds higher accuracy and the possibility of re-measuring archeological items without further directly interacting with the piece. Based on a combination of R scripting with GIS features, Geomeasure is at the time able to automatically gather 125–130 typometric variables per archaeological item, with the only input of vectorized photographs. It can be used as a reliable methodological aid to extract detailed information on patterns and trends of shape variabilit…
Why should traceology learn from dental microwear, and vice-versa?
2019
Dental and artifact microwear analyses have a lot in common regarding the questions they address, their developmental history and their issues. However, few paleontologists and archeologists are aware of this, and even those who are, do not take into account most of the methodological insights from the other field. In this focus article, we briefly review the main developmental steps of both methods, highlight how similar their histories are and how combining methodological developments can improve both research fields. In both cases, the traditional analyses have been strongly criticized mainly because of their subjectivity and their lack of repeatability and reproducibility. Quantitative …
Estimating “land use heritage” to model changes in archaeological settlement patterns
2016
International audience; In this paper, we present a method to calculate a “land use heritage map” based on the concept of “memory of landscape”. Such a map can be seen as one variable among others influencing site location preference, and can be used as input for predictive models. The computed values equate to an index of long-term land use intensity. We will first discuss the method used for creating the land use heritage map, for which kernel density estimates are used.We will then present the use of these land use heritage maps for site location analysis in two study areas in SE France. Earlier analyses showed that the influence of the natural environment on settlement location choice i…
Introducing the Human Factor in Predictive Modelling: a Work in Progress
2012
International audience; In this paper we present the results of a study into integrating socio-cultural factors into predictive modelling. So far, predictive modelling has largely neglected the social and cultural dimensions of past landscapes. To maintain its value for archaeological research, therefore, it needs new methodologies, concepts and theories. For this study, we have departed from the methodology developed in the 1990s during the Archaeomedes Project. In this project, cross-regional comparisons of settlement location factors were made by analyzing the environmental context of Roman settlements in the French Rhône Valley. For the current research, we expanded the set of variables…
Stage boundaries, global stratigraphy, and the time scale: towards a simplification
2004
International audience; This paper examines four facets of stratigraphic terminology and usage considered faulty and proposes corrective measures. The four perfectible areas are: (1) The system of dual nomenclature requiring discrete terminologies for the superpositional and temporal aspects of rock units. (2) The premise that a GSSP establishes the base of a stage as being coincident with the top of the preceding stage rather than simply defining it as the boundary between stages. (3) The rejection of supplementary (auxiliary) sections that would broaden the knowledge of a GSSP and enlarge the area in which it is easily usable. (4) The current dual system of nomenclature for Precambrian an…
Linking theories, past practices, and archaeological remains of movement through ontological reasoning
2020
The amount of information available to archaeologists has grown dramatically during the last ten years. The rapid acquisition of observational data and creation of digital data has played a significant role in this &ldquo
« On-the-go » multispectral imaging system to characterize the development of vineyard foliage
2015
International audience; In Precision Viticulture, multispectral imaging systems are currently used in remote sensing for vineyard vigor characterization but few are employed in proximal sensing. This work presents the potential of a proximal multispectral imaging system mounted on a track-laying tractor equipped with a Greenseeker RT-100 to provide an NDVI index. The camera acquired visible and near-infrared images which were calibrated in reflectance. Vegetation indices were computed and compared to Greenseeker data. From two of the resulting datasets, a spatio-temporal study of foliage description through both optical systems is presented. This first study assessed the proximal imagery re…