Search results for "Concentration."
showing 10 items of 1849 documents
Coxsackievirus A9 Infects Cells via Nonacidic Multivesicular Bodies
2014
ABSTRACT Coxsackievirus A9 (CVA9) is a member of the human enterovirus B species in the Enterovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae . According to earlier studies, CVA9 binds to αVβ3 and αVβ6 integrins on the cell surface and utilizes β2-microglobulin, dynamin, and Arf6 for internalization. However, the structures utilized by the virus for internalization and uncoating are less well understood. We show here, based on electron microscopy, that CVA9 is found in multivesicular structures 2 h postinfection (p.i.). A neutral red labeling assay revealed that uncoating occurs mainly around 2 h p.i., while double-stranded RNA is found in the cytoplasm after 3 h p.i. The biogenesis of multivesicu…
Evaluation of antifungal activity of three essential oils against selected isolates of Penicillium, Purpureocillium and Acremonium
2018
Storage is a critical process of food production because incorrect conditions during this process lead to the growth of economic costs caused by material loss. It is important to maintain adequate microbiological purity of storage areas. The development of microbes present in warehouses may lead to secondary contamination of stored materials and reduce their quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of essential oils on the growth of Acremonium strictum , Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium expansum and Purpureocillium lilacinum . Fungal strains were isolated from the food warehouse. Studies on the influence of selected mix of phenolic substances were performed using three comm…
Polarization and suburbanisation in Warsaw
2001
The economic transition in Poland leads to a restructuration of economic activities which affects spatial patterns of cities, especially in Warsaw. Analyzing the location and re-location of population and employment in Poland’s capital allows to enlarge the debate on the suburbanization forms to the Central and Oriental European Countries. The results support the fact that the city center is still largely the most important district in terms of population andemployment, so that in 1999 the city keeps a strong monocentric character. However, from 1994 to 1999, population and employment move towards the Warsaw’s suburbs. Two significant observations, namely the suburbanization of retailing an…
Efectos de las fusiones sobre la concentración y la eficiencia bancaria : el caso de las cajas rurales y los retos de la crisis financiera.
2010
En: Revista española de financiación y contabilidad. ISSN. 0210-2412. n. 146, (2010), págs. 291-321 Las crisis económicas actúan como catalizadoras de procesos de reestructuración empresarial y las fusiones son muchas veces imprescindibles para evitar quiebras. Durante el último decenio se han producido numerosos episodios de concentración entre las Cajas Rurales españolas. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar el efecto de las fusiones entre Cajas Rurales durante el decenio 1998-2007 y ante la crisis fi nanciera actual, mediante un estudio empírico consistente en analizar el Indice Herfi ndhal y la ratio de concentración discreta para medir la concentración y relacionarla con las ratios de r…
What Geographical Concentration of Industries in the Tunisian Sahel? Empirical Evidence Using Distance‐Based Measures
2020
International audience; This paper examines the location patterns of manufacturing industries within the most developed regions of Tunisia, the Sahel. We use detailed micro-geographic data and the distance-based approach of Duranton and Overman. While the textile industry shows a high degree of geographical concentration, the high-tech industries are also among the most concentrated, meaning that the Tunisian Sahel gathers a specialised pool in these industries. We further analyse the location patterns of manufacturing sub-sectors: totally and partially exporting plants and domestic, mixed and foreign plants and show that totally exporting plants and foreign and mixed plants exhibit strong …
Some issues concerning sector concentration. evidence from Romania / Valdymo sistema didžiosiose madeiros salos imonėse: rezultatų apskaitos sistemos…
2011
This paper examines the dynamics of sector concentration in Romania starting from two basic questions: how concentrated the economic activities are and what factors determine the economic concentration. The lack of availability of concentration ratio series for Romanian economy has limited the research in this field. The paper reports the concentration ratios dynamics in Romania during the period 1996–2004, looking at the differences between industries and offers some possible explanations. We use the simple concentration ratio (CR) for the largest 5 and 20 companies to measure concentration in 25 industries according to the sales figure and the number of employees. Our study has been limit…
Uptake prediction of nine heavy metals by Eichhornia crassipes grown in irrigation canals: A biomonitoring approach
2021
The principal objective of this study is to generate mathematical regression equations that facilitate the estimation of the extent to which Eichhornia crassipes (C. Mart.) Solms, water hyacinth, absorbs heavy metals (HMs) into four plant organs (laminae, petioles, roots, and stolons). This study considers the absorption of nine HMs (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn), and the E. crassipes evaluated in this study were located in three irrigation canals in the North Nile Delta in Egypt, with sampling being conducted in both monospecific and homogenous E. crassipes. Samples of both E. crassipes and water were collected on a monthly basis during one growing season. Analysis of the water s…
Ion size effects on the electrokinetic flow in nanoporous membranes caused by concentration gradients
2003
The space charge model (SCM) relies on the Poisson−Boltzmann (PB) equation, and hence on the assumption of negligible ion size effects, to calculate the radial distribution of the electrical potent...
Stability of PEI–DNA and DOTAP–DNA complexes: effect of alkaline pH, heparin and serum
2001
Abstract DNA complexes formed with nonviral vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) or 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) are widely used in gene therapy. These complexes prevent the interaction of DNA with the fluorescent probes usually employed to quantify DNA. We thus studied the procedures for DNA quantification from DNA complexes as well as their stability in the presence of DNase or mouse, rat and human sera. Release of the DNA from its complexes was accomplished by increasing the pH of the medium (from 7.3 to 13.4) or by adding heparin. The stability against degradation was tested in vitro, by incubating the complexes at 37°C in the presence of DNase I and sera from the …
A new neuraminic acid derivative and three types of glycopeptides isolated from the Cuvierian tubules of the sea cucumber Holothuria forskali
1973
The Cuvierian tubules of Holothuria forskali Della Chiaje, a sea cucumber found in the Adriatic Sea, were investigated with regard to their carbohydrate moieties. From a Pronase digest of these tubules three types of carbohydrate units were isolated and characterized. 1. A high-molecular-weight glycopeptide fraction was shown to contain sulphated polyfucose, galactosamine, a uronic acid and a previously unknown neuraminic acid derivative. The sulphate was shown by i.r. analysis to be present as an O-ester. The carbohydrate unit was linked O-glycosidically to threonine and serine residues in the polypeptide chain. The hitherto unknown neuraminic acid derivative (Hf-neuraminic acid) was resis…