Search results for "Condition"
showing 10 items of 2530 documents
Gene-environment interaction as a predictor of early adjustment in first episode psychosis.
2017
Abstract Background This study aims to explore the gene-environment interaction hypothesis applied to pre-symptomatic neurodevelopmental phenotypes of first episode psychosis (FEP), that is, genetic factors might increase vulnerability to the effects of environmental adverse conditions occurring at later stages of development. Methods We constructed a schematic ‘two-hit’ model, with Val/Val homozygosity for the catechol- O -methyltransferase ( COMT ) Val158Met polymorphism as the ‘first hit’ and history of obstetric complications and parental socioeconomic status as ‘second hits’. Early adjustment, measured using the Premorbid Adjustment Scale, was considered the main outcome. The study pop…
Image cytometric DNA analysis of mucosal biopsies in patients with primary achalasia.
2006
(P < 0.0001), and 9c- (P = 0.0001) exceeding rate with progredient DNA alterations in the respective order. CONCLUSION: The finding that DNA aneuploidy was identifi ed by image cytometry in esophageal specimens of patients with achalasia, which may be due to specifi c chromosomal alterations presenting as precancerous lesions in 27% of patients, leads us to conclude that image cytometry represents a valuable screening tool. Abstract AIM: To determine DNA aneuploidy in mucosal biopsies of achalasia patients for subsequent rapid diagnosis. METHODS: Biopsies from the middle third of the esophagus were obtained in 15 patients with achalasia. Immunohistochemical staining was carried out with mon…
Multicentric randomised study of
2017
Introduction Population-based eradication of Helicobacter pylori has been suggested to be cost-effective and is recommended by international guidelines. However, the potential adverse effects of widespread antibiotic use that this would entail have not been sufficiently studied. An alternative way to decrease gastric cancer mortality is by non-invasive search for precancerous lesions, in particular gastric atrophy; pepsinogen tests are the best currently available alternative. The primary objective of GISTAR is to determine whether H pylori eradication combined with pepsinogen testing reduces mortality from gastric cancer among 40–64-year-old individuals. The secondary objectives include ev…
Impact of Energy Availability, Health, and Sex on Hemoglobin-Mass Responses Following Live-High-Train-High Altitude Training in Elite Female and Male…
2018
Purpose: The authors investigated the effects of sex, energy availability (EA), and health status on the change in hemoglobin mass (ΔHbmass) in elite endurance athletes over ∼3–4 wk of live-high–train-high altitude training in Flagstaff, AZ (2135 m; n = 27 women; n = 21 men; 27% 2016 Olympians). Methods: Precamp and postcamp Hbmass (optimized carbon monoxide rebreathing method) and iron status were measured, EA was estimated via food and training logs, and a Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAFQ) and a general injury/illness questionnaire were completed. Hypoxic exposure (h) was calculated with low (<500 h), moderate (500–600 h), and high (>600 h) groupings. Results:…
Perceptual Correlate of Nociceptive Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) in Humans Shares the Time Course of Early-LTP
2006
As in neocortex and hippocampus, neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord develop long-term potentiation of synaptic efficacy (LTP) on high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of their afferent input, although how long LTP lasts in this nociceptive relay nucleus has not yet been addressed. Here we studied neurogenic hyperalgesia, a perceptual correlate of nociceptive LTP, in 13 healthy subjects, after HFS (5 × 1 s at 100 Hz) of superficial cutaneous afferents. HFS led to a mean upward shift of the stimulus–response function for pinprick-evoked pain (punctate mechanical hyperalgesia) in all subjects by a factor of 2.5 ( P < 0.001) that lasted undiminished for the initial 1-h observation per…
Essential elements of professional nursing environments in Primary Care and their influence on the quality of care.
2017
OBJECTIVES: Nursing work environments are key determinants of care quality. Our study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of nursing environments in primary care settings in the Canary Islands, and identify crucial components of such environments to improve quality. METHOD: We conducted a cross-sectional study in primary care organisations using the Practice Environment Scale - Nursing Work Index tool. We collected sociodemographic variables, scores, and selected the essential items conducive to optimal care. Appropriate parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyse relations between variables (CI = 95%, error = 5%). RESULTS: One hundred and forty-four nurses partic…
Fear expression and return of fear following threat instruction with or without direct contingency experience
2016
Prior research showed that mere instructions about the contingency between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) can generate fear reactions to the CS. Little is known, however, about the extent to which actual CS-US contingency experience adds anything beyond the effect of contingency instructions. Our results extend previous studies on this topic in that it included fear potentiated startle as an additional dependent variable and examined return of fear (ROF) following reinstatement. We observed that CS-US pairings can enhance fear reactions beyond the effect of contingency instructions. Moreover, for all measures of fear, instructions elicited immediate fear reac…
Nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation in adults with high-risk ALL may be effective in early but not in advanced disease
2002
The feasibility of nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation (NST) was evaluated in 22 adults with high-risk ALL. 16/22 patients had advanced disease and 11/22 had Ph+ ALL. Eleven patients received NST as first stem cell transplantation (SCT). Eleven patients had relapses after allogeneic or autologous SCT and underwent a salvage NST. 18/22 patients (82%) engrafted after NST. 13/16 patients (81%) with active disease reached complete remission (CR). 11 of 13 patients developed GVHD. After first NST 10/11 patients (91%) engrafted. Six of seven patients with active disease reached CR. Three of five relapsing patients reached subsequent CR after donor lymphocyte infusions, termination of immun…
Risk of Colorectal High-Grade Dysplasia and Cancer in a Prospective Observational Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2013
International audience; BACKGROUND AND AIMS:: There is an unclear risk of colonic high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with immunosuppressants. We analyzed data on CRC development among patients with IBD enrolled in the observational cohort Cancers et Surrisque Associé aux Maladies Inflammatoires Intestinales En France (CESAME). METHODS:: We followed and collected data from 19,486 patients with IBD (60.3% with Crohn's disease, 30.1% receiving thiopurine therapy) enrolled in CESAME from May 2004 and June 2005, and followed until December 2007. When the study began, 2841 patients (14.6%) were characterized as havin…
Autonomic markers associated with generalized social phobia symptoms: heart rate variability and salivary alpha-amylase.
2016
The study of autonomic nervous system changes associated with generalized social phobia (GSP) disorder has increased in recent years, showing contradictory results. The present study aimed to evaluate how young people with GSP reacted before, during, and after exposure to the Trier Stress Social Test (TSST), focusing on their autonomic changes (heart rate variability (HRV) and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA)) compared to a control group (non-GSP). Some psychological variables were also considered. Sex was specifically studied as a possible modulator of autonomic fluctuations and psychological state. Eighty young people were randomly distributed into two counterbalanced situations: stress condi…