Search results for "Condyle"
showing 10 items of 66 documents
The importance of the posterior joint space for functional mandibular movements: A laboratory cross-sectional study
2018
Background: The search for the ideal, healthy and reproducible position of the condyles is of utmost importance for dental diagnosis and treatment. Thus, the objective of this laboratory cross-sectional study was to verify the relationship between the posterior joint space and the mandibular lateral movements. Material and Methods: Dental casts from 15 women and 15 men with normal mastication, 28 natural teeth and no history of temporomandibular disorders or pain, were fabricated and mounted on a fully adjustable articulator. From the maximum intercuspal position, condylar displacement was evaluated and measured on the working and nonworking sides during mandibular lateral movement, both to…
Biological responses to individualized small titanium implants for the treatment of focal full-thickness knee cartilage defects in a sheep model.
2019
Abstract Background The present study aimed to evaluate the functional, radiological and histological outcome of a customized focal implant for the treatment of focal full-thickness cartilage defects in sheep. Methods The study used magnetic resonance imaging data as the basis for construction of the titanium implant using a three-dimensional printing technique. This was then placed on the medial condyle of the knee joint in eight sheep and left in place in vivo over a period of six months. Following euthanasia, the local biological response was analyzed using micro-computed tomography, light microscopy and histological evaluation (International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) score). The v…
Etiological factors in second mandibular molar impaction.
2013
Objectives: The impaction of the second mandibular molar (MM2) has recently become more prevalent. Several etiological hypothesis have been proposed to investigate the association between skeletal features and impaction of MM2. The aims of this study were to analyze the skeletal features in patients with MM2 impaction and the association between arrested eruption of MM2 and the presence of the third mandibular molar (MM3). Study Design: In this retrospective study 48 subjects from 3,530 Caucasian orthodontic patients with MM2 impaction were included in a study group (SG) and compared to a control group (CG) of 200 subjects without MM2 impaction. Panoramic radiographs evaluated the presence …
Influence of voxel size on the accuracy of linear measurements of the condyle in images of cone beam computed tomography: A pilot study
2018
Background To analyze the influence of voxel size and exposure time on the accuracy of linear measurements of the condyle. Material and methods Four macerated hemi-mandibles of pigs were scanned in nine different voxel size protocols. Three-dimensional models of the condyle were generated in order to establish a comparison between linear measurements obtained with each voxel protocol and those obtained with a caliper (gold standard). The comparison between the protocols was performed considering the average of the two measurements of the condyle in the latero-medial (LM) and antero-posterior (AP) axes and also through repeated measurement ANOVA with rank transformation. The level of signifi…
Accuracy and Reliability of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Linear and Volumetric Mandibular Condyle Measurements. A Human Cadaver Study
2017
AbstractThe accuracy of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) on linear and volumetric measurements on condyles has only been assessed on dry skulls. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of linear and volumetric measurements of mandibular condyles in the presence of soft tissues using CBCT. Six embalmed cadaver heads were used. CBCT scans were taken, followed by the extraction of the condyles. The water displacement technique was used to calculate the volumes of the condyles and three linear measurements were made using a digital caliper, these measurements serving as the gold standard. Surface models of the condyles were obtained using a 3D scanner, and superim…
Diagnosis of simulated condylar bone defects using panoramic radiography, spiral tomography and cone-beam computed tomography: A comparison study.
2014
Objectives: Radiographic examination is one of the most important parts of the clinical assessment routine for temporomandibular disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) with panoramic radiography and spiral computed tomography for the detection of the simulated mandibular condyle bone lesions. Study Design: The sample consisted of 10 TMJs from 5 dried human skulls. Simulated erosive and osteophytic lesions were created in 3 different sizes using round diamond bur and bone chips, respectively. Panoramic radiography, spiral tomography and cone-beam computed tomography were used in defect detection. Data were statistically …
Condylar position indicator and T-scan system II in clinical evaluation of temporomandibular intracapsular disease.
2012
The pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint intracapsular disease (TMJI) is multifactorial and its diagnosis is not easy. In this work authors show two types of clinical analysis: the Condylar Position Indicator (CPI) and T-Scan 2 system.Twenty patients (mean age of 24.5 years) with TMJI problem and 10 healthy matched subjects (mean age: 25.4 years) were selected. Analysis of TMJI was performed on each patient by means of Condylar Position Indicator (CPI) and T-Scan System II tests.Eight patients presented vertical symmetrical condylar distraction greater than healthy subjects (P-value0.001). T-Scan showed a difference of Percentage of Force (POF) not greater than 5%. Seven patients showed …
Der Nachweis zellulärer Reaktionen im kondylären Kiefergelenkknorpel mittels NMR-Mikroskopie Grundlagenuntersuchungen für eine hochaufgelöste Kernspi…
1992
Das regionale Auflosungsvermogen moderner bildgebender Verfahren reicht heute noch nicht aus, um Veranderungen des mandibularen Gelenkknorpels, zum Beispiel bei funktionskieferorthopadischer Behandlung, klinisch zu objektivieren. In tierexperimentellen Untersuchungen am Kiefergelenk des Hausschweins wurden auf der Grundlage von H-NMR-relaxometrischen Messungen an kondylaren Knorpelproben NMR-mikroskopische Untersuchungen am intakten Kiefergelenkpraparat durchgefuhrt. Dabei gelang es, den mandibularen Gelenkknorpel bis hin zur zellularen Ebene darzustellen und Regenerationsprozesse als Spafolge eines operativen Eingriffs am Kiefergelenk nachzuweisen. Die Ergebnisse wurden hinichtlich ihrer B…
Locking Reconstruction Double Plating of Distal Humeral Fractures: How Many Screws in the Distal Ulnar Column Segment in A3 Fracture Provide Superior…
2009
Objectives: Two 90-degree configurations of locking reconstruction plates with different numbers of screws in the distal ulnar column segment of distal extra-articular humeral fractures with metaphyseal comminution (A3) were biomechanically investigated. Methods: Eight pairs of fresh-frozen human humeri were used. For paired comparison, the humeri were divided into 2 randomized groups. In both groups, double-plate osteosyntheses with locking reconstruction plates were performed in 90-degree configurations. In group 1, the posteriorly placed radial column plate exceeded the capitellum and the ulnar column plate extended into the ulnar sulcus. The ulnar plate was molded around the medial epic…
Condylar distances in hypermobile temporomandibular joints of patients with excessive mouth openings by using computed tomography
2014
Objectives: hypermobility in Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can manifest higher range of motions in mandible. The aim of this study was to compare the position and distances of the head of condyle to glenoid fossa in TMJs of healthy individuals and patients with mild, moderate and severe TMJ hypermobility. Material and Methods: In this clinical study, 69 patients (between the ages of 22 to 42) with manifestation of joint hypermobility were included and Computed tomography were administered for both TMJs. The patients were divided into three groups based on their maximum mouth opening (MMO): (A) with MMO of 50-55 mm; (B) with MMO between 55 to 65 mm; and (C) with MMO >65 mm. Also, 15 healthy …