Search results for "Conjugate"

showing 10 items of 644 documents

Three-dimensional solvation structure of ethanol on carbonate minerals

2020

Calcite and magnesite are important mineral constituents of the earth’s crust. In aqueous environments, these carbonates typically expose their most stable cleavage plane, the (10.4) surface. It is known that these surfaces interact with a large variety of organic molecules, which can result in surface restructuring. This process is decisive for the formation of biominerals. With the development of 3D atomic force microscopy (AFM) it is now possible to image solid–liquid interfaces with unprecedented molecular resolution. However, the majority of 3D AFM studies have been focused on the arrangement of water at carbonate surfaces. Here, we present an analysis of the assembly of ethanol – an o…

DYNAMICSMaterials scienceADSORPTIONSURFACECarbonate mineralsIonic bondingGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technology010402 general chemistrylcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesFull Research Paper3D AFMGENERAL FORCE-FIELDMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundCALCITEMoleculeNanotechnologyWATERlcsh:TP1-1185General Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringlcsh:ScienceCalcitelcsh:THYDRATIONSolvationMD simulation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymagnesite540lcsh:QC1-9990104 chemical sciencesNanosciencechemistryChemical physicsCONJUGATE GRADIENTSCarbonatelcsh:Qethanol0210 nano-technologycalcitelcsh:Physicssolvation structureMagnesite
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Quasi-Newton approach to nonnegative image restorations

2000

Abstract Image restoration, or deblurring, is the process of attempting to correct for degradation in a recorded image. Typically the blurring system is assumed to be linear and spatially invariant, and fast Fourier transform (FFT) based schemes result in efficient computational image restoration methods. However, real images have properties that cannot always be handled by linear methods. In particular, an image consists of positive light intensities, and thus a nonnegativity constraint should be enforced. This constraint and other ways of incorporating a priori information have been suggested in various applications, and can lead to substantial improvements in the reconstructions. Neverth…

DeblurringMathematical optimizationNumerical AnalysisAlgebra and Number TheoryPrinciple of maximum entropyFast Fourier transformCirculant matrixBlock Toeplitz matrixConjugate gradient methodReal imageQuasi-Newton methodImage restorationConjugate gradient methodRegularizationA priori and a posterioriQuasi-Newton methodDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsGeometry and TopologyImage restorationMathematicsLinear Algebra and its Applications
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2.14 Selected Diastereoselective Reactions: Enolate Alkylation

2012

This chapter discusses processes in which enolates are subjected to reaction with alkylating reagents. In all the processes examined here, at least one of the two reaction components is chiral and the reaction gives rise to one or more diastereomeric compounds. In most cases, the enolate is generated through deprotonation of the corresponding carbonyl precursor with a suitable base, but in several cases, the enolate is generated differently, for example, through Michael addition of a nucleophile to a conjugated carbonyl compound. The various factors that have been found to influence the stereochemical outcome of the alkylation reaction in a measurable way are also discussed. The material ha…

DeprotonationNucleophileChemistryReagentDiastereomerMichael reactionOrganic chemistryAldol condensationConjugated systemAlkylation
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Immunochromatographic Assay for Quantitation of Milk Progesterone.

1996

We describe a rapid immunochromatographic method for the quantitation of progesterone in bovine milk. The method is based on a 'competitive' assay format using the monoclonal antibody to progesterone and a progesterone-protein conjugate labelled with colloidal gold particles. The monoclonal antibody to progesterone is immobilized as a narrow detection zone on a porous membrane. The sample is mixed with colloidal gold particles coated with progesterone-protein conjugate, and the mixture is allowed to migrate past the detection zone. Migration is facilitated by capillary forces. The amount of labelled progesterone-protein conjugate bound to the detection zone, as detected by photometric scann…

Detection limitBovine milkChromatographymedicine.drug_classCapillary actionChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringAntibodies MonoclonalCross ReactionsMonoclonal antibodySensitivity and SpecificityChromatography AffinityMilkColloidal goldPorous membranemedicineAnimalsCattleChromatography Thin LayerProgesteroneConjugateActa Chemica Scandinavica
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A conjugated polymer with ethyl 2-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl) acetate units as a novel fluorescent chemosensor for silver(I) detection

2013

Abstract A novel conjugated polymer ( P1 ) containing fluorene and ethyl 2-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1 H -benzo[ d ]imidazol-1-yl)acetate (PBMA) was designed and successfully synthesized through the Sonogashira coupling reaction. P1 shows high sensitivity and selectivity for Ag + detection in comparison to other metal cations. Upon addition of Ag + , the fluorescent emission of the polymer solution in THF was quenched dramatically, accompanying the color changed from blue to green. The detection limit for Ag + was 5 × 10 −8  mol L −1 . However, the similar copolymers P2 and P3 containing 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1 H -benzo[ d ]imidazole and 2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1 H -benzo[ d ]imidazole, respectively, did not …

Detection limitMetals and AlloysSonogashira couplingFluoreneConjugated systemCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryFluorescenceMedicinal chemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMaterials ChemistryProton NMRImidazoleElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSelectivityInstrumentationSensors and Actuators B: Chemical
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Glycoconjugate vaccines and immune interactions, and implications for vaccination schedules.

2011

Conjugate vaccines using diphtheria toxoid variant (CRM(197)), diphtheria toxoid and tetanus toxoid (TT) as carrier protein may induce immune interactions (interference or impairment as measured by lower antibody levels, or enhancement [higher antibody levels]) when coadministered with other vaccines. Immune enhancement occurs when two TT conjugates are coadministered. CRM(197) conjugate vaccines induce immune bystander interference when given with diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccines, which reduces responses to coadministered Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine conjugated to TT. These bystander effects are greater as the amount of CRM(197) administered increases. When large am…

Diphtheria ToxoidImmunologyMeningococcal vaccinecomplex mixturesImmune systemAdjuvants ImmunologicBacterial ProteinsDrug DiscoverymedicineBystander effectTetanus ToxoidHumansDrug InteractionsImmunization SchedulePharmacologyDiphtheria toxinDrug CarriersVaccines ConjugateTetanusbusiness.industryToxoidmedicine.diseaseVirologyVaccinationPneumococcal vaccineImmunologyBacterial VaccinesMolecular MedicinebusinessExpert review of vaccines
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Approximate convex hull of affine iterated function system attractors

2012

International audience; In this paper, we present an algorithm to construct an approximate convex hull of the attractors of an affine iterated function system (IFS). We construct a sequence of convex hull approximations for any required precision using the self-similarity property of the attractor in order to optimize calculations. Due to the affine properties of IFS transformations, the number of points considered in the construction is reduced. The time complexity of our algorithm is a linear function of the number of iterations and the number of points in the output convex hull. The number of iterations and the execution time increases logarithmically with increasing accuracy. In additio…

Discrete mathematicsConvex hull0209 industrial biotechnologyGeneral MathematicsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsProper convex functionConvex setMathematicsofComputing_GENERALGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear Physics02 engineering and technology[ INFO.INFO-GR ] Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR]01 natural sciences[INFO.INFO-GR]Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR]020901 industrial engineering & automationAffine hullTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYConvex polytopeOutput-sensitive algorithmConvex combination0101 mathematicsConvex conjugateMathematics
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Projective mappings between projective lattice geometries

1995

The concept of projective lattice geometry generalizes the classical synthetic concept of projective geometry, including projective geometry of modules.

Discrete mathematicsProjective harmonic conjugatePure mathematicsCollineationDuality (projective geometry)Projective spaceGeometry and TopologyProjective planeProjective differential geometryPencil (mathematics)Projective geometryMathematicsJournal of Geometry
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Projective spaces on partially ordered sets and Desargues' postulate

1991

We introduce a generalized concept of projective and Desarguean space where points (and lines) may be of different size. Every unitary module yields an example when we take the 1-and 2-generated submodules as points and lines. In this paper we develop a method of constructing a wide range of projective and Desarguean spaces by means of lattices.

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsProjective harmonic conjugateCollineationComplex projective spaceProjective spaceGeometry and TopologyProjective planeQuaternionic projective spaceNon-Desarguesian planeProjective geometryMathematicsGeometriae Dedicata
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A unified approach to projective lattice geometries

1992

The interest in pursuing projective geometry on modules has led to several lattice theoretic generalizations of the classical synthetic concept of projective geometry on vector spaces.

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsProjective harmonic conjugateCollineationDuality (projective geometry)Projective spaceErlangen programGeometry and TopologyProjective differential geometryPencil (mathematics)MathematicsProjective geometryGeometriae Dedicata
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