Search results for "Consciousness"
showing 10 items of 338 documents
Sudden Complex Hallucinations in a 14-Year-Old Girl: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Versus Dissociative Disorders-The Influence of Early Life Exper…
2020
A 14-year-old girl is taken to the pediatric emergency department (ED) by her parents because of sudden complex hallucinations.She shows moderate intellectual disability without a peculiar phenotype already evaluated by neuropediatrics (normal comparative genomic hybridization array and brain magnetic resonance imaging) and most likely related to affective deprivation at the orphanage. Adopted at 20 months from China, her parents reported that on arrival she had scars, allegedly from being tied to a chair for a long time, and that although she was able to stand, she could not walk. At 22 months, she had experienced several episodes of loss of consciousness with rigidity that were attributed…
Effects of a Vibro-Tactile P300 Based Brain-Computer Interface on the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness
2020
Persons diagnosed with disorders of consciousness (DOC) typically suffer from motor and cognitive disabilities. Recent research has shown that non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technology could help assess these patients’ cognitive functions and command following abilities. 20 DOC patients participated in the study and performed 10 vibro-tactile P300 BCI sessions over 10 days with 8–12 runs each day. Vibrotactile tactors were placed on the each patient’s left and right wrists and one foot. Patients were instructed, via earbuds, to concentrate and silently count vibrotactile pulses on either their left or right wrist that presented a target stimulus and to ignore …
MindBEAGLE — A new system for the assessment and communication with patients with disorders of consciousness and complete locked-in syndrom
2017
Patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) cannot reply to questions or clinical assessments using voluntary motor control, and therefore it is very difficult to assess their cognitive capabilities and conscious awareness. Patients who are locked-in (LIS) are instead fully conscious, and they can communicate with their preserved eye movements. However, when the residual oculomotor activity is also lost (e.g., patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease of very long duration), the locked-in status becomes complete (CLIS). In CLIS patients, detection of conscious awareness may become very challenging, similarly to the subjects with DOC. mindBEAGLE has a physiological testing batte…
Combined Behavioral and Mismatch Negativity Evidence for the Effects of Long-Lasting High-Definition tDCS in Disorders of Consciousness: A Pilot Study
2020
Objective: To evaluate the effects of long-term High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over precuneus on the level of consciousness (LOC) and the relationship between Mismatch negativity (MMN) and the LOC over the therapy period in patients with Disorders of consciousness (DOCs). Methods: We employed a with-in group repeated measures design with an anode HD-tDCS protocol (2 mA, 20 min, the precuneus) on 11 (2 vegetative state and nine minimally conscious state) patients with DOCs. MMN and Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) scores were measured at four time points: before the treatment of HD-tDCS (T0), after a single session of HD-tDCS (T1), after the treatment of…
Motor imagery and cortico-spinal excitability: A review
2016
International audience; Motor imagery (MI) has received a lot of interest during the last decades as its chronic or acute use has demonstrated several effects on improving sport performances or skills. The development of neuroimagery techniques also helped further our understanding of the neural correlates underlying MI. While some authors showed that MI, motor execution and action observation activated similar motor cortical regions, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies brought great insights on the role of the primary motor cortex and on the activation of the cortico-spinal pathway during MI. After defining MI and describing the TMS technique, a short report of MI activities on…
¿Por qué realizar un examen mejora nuestro aprendizaje? Lecciones científicas y educativas del efecto del test
2011
Los exámenes se consideran como una mera evaluación del conocimiento del estudiante, y hasta el momento no se habían planteado seriamente como estrategia de aprendizaje. No en vano, los modelos tradicionales de la memoria humana consideran que los procesos de codificación son los máximos responsables del registro de información en memoria. Los procesos de recuperación, que se activan durante la realización de un examen, no deberían afectar a la información recuperada. Investigaciones recientes contradicen esta visión, y aportan nueva evidencia de cómo funciona nuestra memoria: realizar un examen sobre algo aprendido mejora nuestro aprendizaje de ese tema.
L'évolution de l'image enfantine dans "Tropismes" et "Enfance" de Nathalie Sarraute
2019
Inspired by the memories of her own difficult childhood in the shadow of the war, Nathalie Sarraute attempts to show the specificity of this period. In Tropismes (tr. Tropisms) and Enfance (tr. Childhood), she attempts to capture and present the child’s psychological experiences, at the same time refuting the stereotypes associated with this period in life. From the pen of the representative of the so-called new novel, there emerges an evolving image of a child: from a submissive/subordinate being, feeling shame or fear (because of his/her own distinctness), and lack of love, to an independent, liberated being rejecting conventions, sensible and sensitive, ready to accomplish his/her goals …
Higher-order theories of consciousness : an appraisal and application
2010
El libro no ha muerto: Desventaja meta-cognitiva de la lectura en pantalla
2018
A pesar de la rápida expansión de los dispositivos digitales como medio de lectura, el formato impreso sigue siendo el preferido por la mayoría de los lectores. Más aún, investigaciones recientes revelan cierta desventaja del medio digital cuando se trata de comprender textos. En el presente artículo se revisan una serie de trabajos realizados por la investigadora Rakefet Ackerman y sus colaboradores, cuyos resultados sugieren que esta inferioridad de la lectura en pantalla es consecuencia de déficits en la regulación meta-cognitiva cuando nos enfrentamos mediante el medio digital a tareas que exigen decisiones acerca de la asignación de esfuerzos cognitivos.
Brain. Broad Research In Artificial Intelligence And Neuroscience-To What Extent Is Free Will Actually Free? The Answer Of Neurosciences
2018
Even though at the beginning of the 1980s the results of the first neuroscience experiments made some researchers label free will as an "illusion", researches of recent years have unexpectedly changed this perspective. It is raised the issue of post-classical, post-dualistic views in which free will can no longer be regarded as an "all-or-nothing" phenomenon, and in which freedom itself is paradoxically redefined as an unconscious predetermination out of an infinite number of options. The present paper summarizes the perspectives on free will generated by the first experiments in neuroscience and aims to find an answer regarding the freedom of choice, taking into account the latest scientif…