Search results for "Contamination"

Chloroanisoles in soils and earthworms

1993

One important group of metabolites of chlorophenols in Finnish soils is their methylation products, i.e. chloroanisoles. Bioaccumulation of chloroanisoles into the biomass of earthworms was studied both in laboratory and by taking earthworm samples from contaminated soils. Concentrations of these compounds in the soils were also analysed. In the laboratory experiment, concentrations of 2,3,4,6-tetrachloroanisole (2346-TeCA) and pentachloroanisole (PeCA) were high in earthworms 1 week after introduction (approx. 50 μ/g fat). Later on, the concentrations decreased to a low level at a considerable rate, bcth in soil and in earthworms. The higher the concentration of chloroanisoles in the soil …

The Influence of Stimulation Techniques on the Microbiological Changes and n-Alkane Transitions in the Soil Contaminated of Petroleum-Derived Substan…

2019

Removal of petroleum products from contaminated soil is a long-term process requiring attention and constant monitoring. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Fyre-Zyme enzyme preparation and/or calcium carbonate on microbiological changes and conversion of n-aliphatic hydrocarbons in soil contaminated of petroleum-derived substances. The material for testing was soil contaminated with petroleum substances. The total concentration of n-alkanes with a C8–C40 chain length was 420.1 mg·kg−1 DM. The pot tests were carried out by introducing stimulators. As a decomposition promoter for n-alkanes in contaminated soil, a 6% water solution of Fyre-Zyme and/or 1% sterile CaCO3 was use…

Occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment

1999

The recent monitoring of drug residues in the aquatic environment has gained much interest as many pharmaceutical compounds can frequently be found in sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents and river water at concentrations up to several microgram/l. This article describes the analysis of various water samples for 18 antibiotic substances, from the classes of macrolid antibiotics, sulfonamides, penicillins and tetracyclines. Samples were preconcentrated via lyophilization and quantified using HPLC-electrospray-tandem-mass spectrometry. The investigated STP effluents and surface water samples showed frequent appearance of an erythromycin degradation product, roxithromycin and sulfamethoxazol…

Characterization of the contamination fingerprint of wastewater treatment plant effluents in the Henares River Basin (central Spain) based on target …

2022

The interest in contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) has increased lately due to their continued emission and potential ecotoxicological hazards. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are generally not capable of eliminating them and are considered the main pathway for CECs to the aquatic environment. The number of CECs in WWTPs effluents is often so large that complementary approaches to the conventional target analysis need to be implemented. Within this context, multitarget quantitative analysis (162 compounds) and a suspect screening (>40,000 suspects) approaches were applied to characterize the CEC fingerprint in effluents of five WWTPs in the Henares River basin (central Spain) durin…

Ecotoxicological study on multi-component contamination with hydrocarbons and heavy metals

2014

The Contamination of the Earth. A History of Pollutions in the Industrial Age

2020

International audience

Environmental Quality of Groundwater in Contaminated Areas—Challenges in Eastern Baltic Region

2020

The lack of water in the future will force society to find more sophisticated solutions for treatment and improvement of groundwater wherever it comes from. Contamination of soil and groundwater is a legacy of modern society, prevention of contaminants spread and secondary water reuse options shall be considered. The aim of the book chapter is to give oversight view on problems and challenges linked to groundwater quality in Eastern Baltic region whilst through case studies explaining the practical problems with groundwater monitoring, remediation and overall environmental quality analysis. The reader will get introduced with case studies in industry levels as credibility of scientific fund…

Immunoreagent generation and competitive assay development for cyprodinil analysis.

2012

Cyprodinil is an anilinopyrimidine fungicide applied worldwide for the prevention and treatment of highly destructive plant diseases in a large variety of crops, including cereals, fruits, and vegetables. This paper describes the development of the first reported immunoassays for cyprodinil. Two original haptens have been synthesized and conjugated to different carrier proteins, and polyclonal antibodies have been produced. Moreover, competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays have been developed and characterized for the analysis of this widely used pesticide. The influence of organic solvents and buffer conditions over the assay analytical parameters was studied. The IC 50 values of th…

An analytical method for monitoring micro-traces of landfill leachate in groundwater using fluorescence excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy

2016

In this study, we use three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy for the identification of contamination of natural water bodies by landfill leachate. In particular, EEM was applied to provide information about the presence and quantities of leachate in ground waters. A good linear relationship was found between the fluorescence intensity emission of groundwater spiked with landfill leachate and the volumes of the latter, suggesting that there was no intrinsic fluorescence in the concentration range of 0-1000 μL L-1. The obtained values of the LOD (10 μL L-1; TOC = 34 μg L-1) and LOQ (34 μL L-1; TOC = 114 μg L-1) allow us to detect the presence and the amou…

Combined effects of compost and Medicago sativa in recovery a PCB contaminated soil

2020

The effectiveness of adding compost and the plant Medicago sativa in improving the quality of a soil historically contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was tested in greenhouse microcosms. Plant pots, containing soil samples from an area contaminated by PCBs, were treated with the compost and the plant, separately or together. Moreover, un-treated and un-planted microcosms were used as controls. At fixed times (1, 133 and 224 days), PCBs were analysed and the structure (cell abundance, phylogenetic characterization) and functioning (cell viability, dehydrogenase activity) of the natural microbial community were also measured. The results showed the effectiveness of the compost an…