Search results for "Context"

2020

Cilia are cellular organelles that project from the cell. They occur in nearly all non-hematopoietic tissues and have different functions in different tissues. In mesenchymal tissues primary cilia play a crucial role in the adequate morphogenesis during embryological development. In mature articular cartilage, primary cilia fulfil chemo- and mechanosensitive functions to adapt the cellular mechanisms on extracellular changes and thus, maintain tissue homeostasis and morphometry. Ciliary abnormalities in osteoarthritic cartilage could represent pathophysiological relationships between ciliary dysfunction and tissue deformation. Nevertheless, the molecular and pathophysiological relationships…

EL LLIBRE DELS FETS DE JAUME I. EXPRESSIONS IDIOMÀTIQUES I METADISCURSIVES / THE JAUME I’S LLIBRE DELS FETS: IDIOMATIC AND METADISCURSIVE EXPRESSIONS

2018

En aquest article, a partir de l’elaboracio del corpus complet de les unitats frasiques (uf) del Llibre dels fets, s’hi estudien contextualitzades algunes de les locucions, formules i paremies, a fi d’analitzar-ne els aspectes formals i les connotacions conceptuals i estilistiques que hi aporten. Alhora, s’hi ha ates l’evolucio diacronica d’aquestes uf, i, en el cas dels proverbis, s’han contrastat amb documentacio concordant. Tambe s’hi han tingut en compte algunes expressions metadiscursives recurrents, que s’han analitzat com a marques d’autoria rellevants. Paraules clau: literatura catalana medieval, locucio, formula, paremia, expressio metadiscursiva. Abstract: For the purposes of this…

Alcohol-Mediated Renal Sympathetic Neurolysis for the Treatment of Hypertension: The Peregrine™ Infusion Catheter.

2020

Renal sympathetic denervation using conventional non-irrigated radiofrequency catheters has potential technical shortcomings, including limited penetration depth and incomplete circumferential nerve damage, potentially impacting therapeutic efficacy. Against this background, second generation multi-electrode, radiofrequency and ultrasound renal denervation systems have been developed to provide more consistent circumferential nerve ablation. Irrigated catheters may allow deeper penetration while minimizing arterial injury. In this context, catheter-based chemical denervation, with selective infusion of alcohol, a potent neurolytic agent, into the perivascular space, may minimize endothelial…

Cell Cycle in Potentially Dedifferentiating Cereal Mesophyll Protoplasts Cultured in vitro. I. Abnormalities in Cycle Kinetics

1993

Summary Protoplasts isolated from immature and mature mesophyll of wheat and oats were cultured in vitro . The potential progression from G1 (G0) to G2, through mitosis and cytokinesis was analysed. The degree and speed of progression through the cell cycle depended on the species and the state of maturity of the tissue from which the protoplasts were derived. In all the protoplast populations that were tested at least initiation of DNA synthesis was detected by labelling nuclei with the thymidine-analogue, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Protoplasts derived from mature leaf tissue of wheat appeared to be recalcitrant to reach G2. Wheat protoplasts derived from immature leaf tissue appeared to pr…

Toward minimal bacterial cells: evolution vs. design.

2008

Abstract Recent technical and conceptual advances in the biological sciences opened the possibility of the construction of newly designed cells. In this paper we review the state of the art of cell engineering in the context of genome research, paying particular attention to what we can learn on naturally reduced genomes from either symbiotic or free living bacteria. Different minimal hypothetically viable cells can be defined on the basis of several computational and experimental approaches. Projects aiming at simplifying living cells converge with efforts to make synthetic genomes for minimal cells. The panorama of this particular view of synthetic biology lead us to consider the use of d…

2014

In vertebrate nervous systems myelination of neuronal axons has evolved to increase conduction velocity of electrical impulses with minimal space and energy requirements. Myelin is formed by specialised glial cells which ensheath axons with a lipid-rich insulating membrane. Myelination is a multi-step process initiated by axon-glia recognition triggering glial polarisation followed by targeted myelin membrane expansion and compaction. Thereby, a myelin sheath of complex subdomain structure is established. Continuous communication between neurons and glial cells is essential for myelin maintenance and axonal integrity. A diverse group of diseases, from multiple sclerosis to schizophrenia, ha…

Microtubules and cell shaping in the mesophyll ofNigella damascena L.

1993

Cell shaping in the mesophyll ofNigella damascena was investigated with the aim of determining the origin of the arm-like protrusions, which are characteristic of, e.g., arm-palisade cells. It was found that hoops of cell wall were deposited during the early stages of cell expansion. The hoops were interconnected, thus embracing the cells with a wide-meshed net of local wall reinforcement. The pattern of wall deposition in the extra-cellular matrix correlated with a pattern of bands of microtubules in the cortical cytoplasm of the cells. During lateral expansion bulges were forced through the comparatively thin walls of spaces between the meshes, giving rise to the arm-like protrusions. Aft…

Social Simulation Based on Cellular Automata: Modeling Language Shifts

2011

Nowadays, language shifts (i.e., a community of speakers stops using their traditional language and speaks a new one in all communication settings) may produce a massive extinction of languages throughout the world. In this context, an important task for social sciences research should therefore be to achieve a deep comprehension of language shifts. However, modeling the social and behavioral variables that guide the social behavior of individuals and groups has traditionally been tricky in all the social sciences. In this situation, social simulation provides a tool for testing hypotheses and building models of social phenomena (see, for example, Gilbert, 1996; Gilbert & Toitzsch, 2005; an…

Modification of the rate of formation and surface area of ettringite by polycarboxylate ether superplasticizers during early C3A–CaSO4 hydration

2015

Abstract Early C3A–CaSO4 hydration was studied in the presence of various amounts of two polycarboxylate ether superplasticizers differing in their grafting degree. Hydration and surface area developments were investigated by in-situ NMR relaxometry coupled with BET and DSC during the first 2 h after mixing. This study enables a quantitative comparison of the amount and the specific surface area of the ettringite precipitated along the C3A–CaSO4 hydration with or without PCE. The main effect of PCE is to strongly increase ettringite specific area for a variable period. These effects are clearly dependent on the PCE charge and dosage and are reduced when using delayed addition. In this conte…

Parallelized TCSPC for dynamic intravital fluorescence lifetime imaging : quantifying neuronal dysfunction in neuroinflammation

2013

Two-photon laser-scanning microscopy has revolutionized our view on vital processes by revealing motility and interaction patterns of various cell subsets in hardly accessible organs (e.g. brain) in living animals. However, current technology is still insufficient to elucidate the mechanisms of organ dysfunction as a prerequisite for developing new therapeutic strategies, since it renders only sparse information about the molecular basis of cellular response within tissues in health and disease. In the context of imaging, Forster resonant energy transfer (FRET) is one of the most adequate tools to probe molecular mechanisms of cell function. As a calibration-free technique, fluorescence lif…