Search results for "Contingency"
showing 10 items of 94 documents
Manufacturing Risk Identification in the Steel Industry
2020
The steel manufacturing industry is an inseparable part of the nuclear power plant construction project. This industry is a business full of dynamics, risks, and challenges. The implementation of risk management becomes an obligation that must be executed in managing this very complex project. In general, risk management in manufacturing includes steps to understand and identify potential problems that may occur, evaluate, monitor, and handle risks. The main risk management objectives are to prevent or minimize adverse effects due to unforeseen events through risk aversion or preparation of contingency plans related to those risks. This paper describes the identification of risk factors and…
An assessment of the test-retest reliability of the New Nordic Diet score
2015
Background : There is a growing interest in the New Nordic Diet (NND) as a potentially health promoting, environmentally friendly, and palatable regional diet. Also, dietary scores are gaining ground as a complementary approach for examining relations between dietary patterns and various health outcomes. A score assessing adherence to the NND has earlier been published, yet not tested for reliability. Objective : To assess the test–retest reliability of the NND score in a sample of parents of toddlers, residing in Southern Norway. Design : A questionnaire survey was completed on two occasions, approximately 14 days apart, by 67 parents of toddlers [85% females, mean age 34 years (SD=5.3 yea…
Use and development of contingency theory
2020
There is no universal way to manage an organization. Contingency theory helps to develop organization’s design using subsystems in combination with an environment. The present article analyses development of contingency theory since 1998. The study used componential and document analysis method - study was made based on semantic approach using publications in scientific journals included in Web of Science or Scopus database; publications were manually selected. One research proposition was developed to focus the study, it claimed – contingency theory continues to be used to analyse specific situational factors. Our research study showed that contingency theory during last 20 years was affec…
Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on semantic discrimination eyeblink conditioning
2015
Abstract Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation method that has been used to modulate learning. We tested whether anodal tDCS targeted at the left DLPFC could enhance learning in a semantic variant of discrimination eyeblink conditioning, i.e., whether the stimulation would have a specific effect on the discrimination ability, rate of acquisition, amplitude of the conditioned response (CR), or all of these. Methods Immediately prior to the eyeblink conditioning, the participants received either active stimulation of 1 mA for 10 min or sham stimulation. The anode was placed over F3 and the cathode over the right supraorbital area. The conditioned stimu…
Fear expression and return of fear following threat instruction with or without direct contingency experience
2016
Prior research showed that mere instructions about the contingency between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) can generate fear reactions to the CS. Little is known, however, about the extent to which actual CS-US contingency experience adds anything beyond the effect of contingency instructions. Our results extend previous studies on this topic in that it included fear potentiated startle as an additional dependent variable and examined return of fear (ROF) following reinstatement. We observed that CS-US pairings can enhance fear reactions beyond the effect of contingency instructions. Moreover, for all measures of fear, instructions elicited immediate fear reac…
Interexaminer reliability of low back pain assessment using the McKenzie method.
2002
STUDY DESIGN A test-retest design was used. OBJECTIVE To assess interexaminer reliability of the McKenzie method for performing clinical tests and classifying patients with low back pain. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Clinical methods and tests classifying patients with nonspecific low back pain have been based mainly on symptom duration or extent of pain referral. The McKenzie mechanical diagnostic and classification approach is a widely used noninvasive, low-technology method of assessing patients with low back pain. However, little is known about the interexaminer reliability of the method, previous studies having yielded conflicting results. METHODS For this study, 39 volunteers with low b…
Links between maternal feeding practices and children's eating difficulties. Validation of French tools
2012
Abstract: The main objectives of the study were to validate a measure of young children's eating difficulties and maternal feeding practices in a French sample, and to assess the links between these practices and children's eating difficulties. Mothers of French children aged 20-36 months completed 4 questionnaires that were validated using a Structural Equation Modelling approach. Links between children and maternal components were investigated using a PLS regression. The Children's Eating Difficulties Questionnaire yielded a 4-dimension solution: Neophobia, Pickiness, Low Appetite and Low Enjoyment in food. The Feeding Style Questionnaire assessed 3 dimensions: Authoritarian, Authoritativ…
Influencia de los factores de contingencia en el desarrollo del cuadro de mando integral y su asociación con un rendimiento mejor. El caso de las emp…
2016
En este trabajo se analiza la relación entre algunos factores de contingencia, el nivel de uso del cuadro de mando integral (CMI) y el beneficio percibido gracias a su aplicación. El CMI es una herramienta capaz de ofrecer a los responsables de las organizaciones una visión completa de cómo a través de la integración de medidas financieras y no financieras se ejecuta la estrategia. Del análisis realizado sobre la base de los datos obtenidos de las sedes centrales de 61 empresas españolas de productos y servicios se deduce que el grado de formalización y estandarización en las empresas tiene una influencia directa y positiva en el desarrollo del CMI hacia niveles más integradores y orientado…
A Non-world : Chinese Perceptions of the Western International Order
2019
As the West struggles, China, economically and politically stable, has increased its criticism toward the Western-led international order. According to Chinese arguments, the ongoing decade has demonstrated that the Western liberal international order is no more capable of solving the troubles of the globalizing world. It is as if the Western political imagination has run out of steam and it is now the responsibility of China to take the lead in stabilizing the world. On the side of the official statements, Chinese theorists of world politics are envisioning a new alternative world order, which would be based on a historical, sinocentric system that was in place in East Asia for thousands o…
Gödel and the Blind Watchmaker
2015
While accepting that contingency is key to biological evolution, we wonder how much need there is for it. It is extremely difficult to talk about trends in evolution, but the fact remains that they are found here and there when evolutionary experiments are repeated. But we should ask, for example, whether there is an unavoidable tendency of life towards progressive complexity . This chapter deals with certain theoretical considerations from Logic and Computing on the conditions necessary to formulate a predictive evolutionary theory .