Search results for "Conventionalism"
showing 10 items of 13 documents
Tra norme e convenzioni. Ipotesi sul senso letterale
2015
La nozione di signifcato letterale è al centro di un dibattito che coinvolge fgure disciplinari eterogenee: teorici del diritto, studiosi di semiotica e flosof del linguaggio sono tra i principali protagonisti di un continuo lavoro di revisione teorica che ha come oggetto d’indagine questa nozione. I lavori di François Récanati, tra cui le ricerche confuite nel fondamentale Literal Meaning (2004), hanno contribuito ad accrescere e valorizzare l’importanza di molte questioni correlate. Il rapporto tra signifcato letterale e convenzioni è divenuto, in particolare, una tappa di rifessione obbligata: è frequente, infatti, presentare i signifcati letterali come signifcati stabilmente convenziona…
Convencionalismo ético en deporte D’Agostino y Morgan en torno a las reglas y convenciones en deporte
2015
In this paper we propose a comparison of the position of D’Agostino with other representatives of convention: William Morgan. We refer to D’Agostino’s position in the first section and in the second section to Morgan’s. We ask whether Morgan, moreover of register his thesis within the Conventionalism, participates also of the internalist conception of sport. Although both authors are conventionalists, there are many different shades that fit between their positions be
Do as the Romans do: On the authoritarian roots of pseudoscience
2020
Recent research highlights the implications of group dynamics in the acceptance and promotion of misconceptions, particularly in relation to the identity-protective attitudes that boost polarisation over scientific information. In this study, we successfully test a mediational model between right-wing authoritarianism and pseudoscientific beliefs. First, we carry out a comprehensive literature review on the socio-political background of pseudoscientific beliefs. Second, we conduct two studies (n=1189 and n=1097) to confirm our working hypotheses: H1 – intercorrelation between pseudoscientific beliefs, authoritarianism and three axioms (reward for application, religiosity and fate control); …
Authoritarianism and the transgenerational transmission of corporal punishment.
2019
Abstract Background Authoritarianism, firstly described by Horkheimer in 1936, is characterized by submission to authorities, aggression against subordinates and conventionalism. Authoritarianism is discussed as major contributor for right-wing attitudes. Horkheimer hypothesized that authoritarianism has its origin in the experience of harsh parenting and exposure to corporal punishment (CP) by authoritarian parents. The other way around, literature points towards an association between conventionalism and support of CP as disciplinary method, suggesting a role of authoritarianism in the vicious cycle of transgenerational transmission of CP. Objective We aimed to assess the association of a…
Defining Life as a Non-Essentialist Natural Kind
2019
Abstract: The increasing number of proposals to define the concept of life in biology has led some authors to consider this task useless and without sense. All sceptics base their argument on the idea that life is a natural kind with a strong metaphysical commitment. Considering this, the aim of this paper is to explore the concept of life as a non-essentialist natural kind. It is intended to highlight that complex scientific concepts are better understood from points of view that are not constrained by the rigid frameworks of essentialism and the realism/conventionalism dichotomy. Keywords: natural kind, definition of life, essentialism, operational definitions.
Is mathematics syntax of language?, II
1995
Around 1930 R. Carnap, H. Hahn and M. Schlick,1 largely under the influence of L. Wittgenstein, developed a conception of the nature of mathematics2 which can be characterized as being a combination of nominalism and conventionalism and which had been foreshadowed in Schlick’s doctrine about implicit definitions.3 Its main objective, according to Hahn and Schlick,4 was to conciliate strict empiricism5 with the a priori certainty of mathematics. According to this conception (which, in the sequel, I shall call the syntactical viewpoint) mathematics can completely be reduced to (or replaced by) syntax of language.6 I.e. the validity of mathematical propositions consists solely in their being c…
Paraconsistent logics, conventionalism and ontology
2004
Paraconsistent logics may be viewed as one of the last elements in a series of rapid developments in science in the 19th and early 20th c., triggered by the appearance of non-Euclidean geometries. The philosophy of conventionalism, which gave a metatheoretical framework to the basic changes involved, may also help in evaluating the truth import of (paraconsistent) logic and in determining its relation to ontology.
Conventionalism and Law
1995
The defining property of those theories which are usually collected under the label “legal positivism” is the thesis that certain social facts form a sufficient condition for the existence of law and legal systems. The acceptance or rejection of this thesis has important consequences, but there are other issues in legal theory which are of equal importance. Thus, the positivism-antipositivism issue is only one possible way of classifying different theories.
Rule of Recognition, Convention and Obligation. What Shapiro Can Still Learn From Hart’s Mistakes
2012
Shapiro works out a version of legal positivism, taking as its starting point Hart’s practice theory of law. Some serious limits of Hart’s practice theory of norms concern the conception of legal obligation and normativity of law. In this chapter, I analyze the limits of Hart’s conception of legal normativity and I appraise whether the planning theory of law indicates the correct direction for overcoming them. To anticipate the conclusion, my effort is to show that Shapiro replicates Hart’s mistakes on these subject matters. This chapter is divided into three main sections. First, I will present briefly a critical reconstruction of Hart’s conception of normativity, a reconstruction which is…
Rules, Conventionalism and Normativity: Some Remarks Starting from Hart
2014
The paper deals with the “conventionalist turn” in legal positivism in relation to the matter of the duty to obey the law and legal normativity. In this respect, conventionalist legal positivism is worth considering (a) because it offers an explanation of legal normativity partly different vis-a-vis previous ones and (b) because it tries to preserve the autonomy of legal obligation from moral obligation and coercion, respectively. Here I will only focus on legal conventionalism as sketched out by Hart in the Postscript. Indeed, Hart’s conventionalism comes up against problems which to some extent also affect other distinguished versions of legal conventionalism like, for example, those work…