Search results for "Correlation"

showing 10 items of 2282 documents

Confined binary two-dimensional colloidal crystals: Monte Carlo simulation of crack formation.

2010

Binary mixtures (A, B) of colloidal particles of different sizes in two dimensions may form crystals with square lattice structure (the A-particles occupying the white sites and the B-particles the black sites of a checkerboard). Confining such a system by two parallel 'walls' a distance D apart, long-range order in the direction parallel to the walls is stabilized by 'corrugated walls' that are commensurate with the lattice structure but destabilized by structureless 'hard walls', even if there is no misfit between the strip width D and the crystal lattice spacing. The crossover to quasi-one-dimensional behavior is studied by Monte Carlo simulations, analyzing Lindemann parameters and disp…

Stress (mechanics)CrystalCorrelation function (statistical mechanics)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsMonte Carlo methodParticleGeneral Materials ScienceColloidal crystalCondensed Matter PhysicsCritical valueSquare latticeJournal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal
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Use of middle cerebral velocity and blood pressure for the analysis of cerebral autoregulation at various frequencies: The coherence index

1998

A common component in many protocols for the evaluation of cerebral autoregulation is the comparison of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) velocities with blood pressure recordings, in which correlations between these two signals correspond to impaired autoregulation. With long data sets and complicated paradigms, however, visual inspection alone cannot adequately distinguish random coincidence from consistent correlation in a statistically valid fashion. We suggest and illustrate the use of the coherence index for this purpose. To illustrate this technique, long-term recordings of TCD velocity and blood pressure were obtained from 6 normal subjects and using 23 data segments from 8 pati…

Subarachnoid hemorrhageUltrasonography Doppler TranscranialHemodynamicsBlood PressureCerebral autoregulationCorrelationNuclear magnetic resonanceReference ValuesmedicineTidal VolumeHomeostasisHumansAutoregulationTranscranial doppler cerebral autoregulationMathematicsFourier AnalysisSettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaGeneral MedicineCoherence (statistics)Cerebral ArteriesSubarachnoid Hemorrhagemedicine.diseaseTranscranial DopplerPlethysmographyBlood pressureNeurologyAnesthesiaNeurology (clinical)Blood Flow VelocitySoftware
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Compared regimes of NDVI and Rainfall in semi-arid regions of Africa

2006

International audience; Bi-monthly normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at an 8km spatial resolution from the advanced very high resolution radiometers (AVHRR) was used from 1981 to 1995 to analyse the vegetation response to rainfall supply in semi-arid regions of Africa. Within the 200-600 mm annual rainfall belt, for which the apparent NDVI response to rainfall was the strongest, three regions were selected which exhibited different patterns in their NDVI regimes and/or relationships with rainfall. The regions, located in western, southern and eastern Africa, were split into coherent sub-regions in terms of mean regime of photosynthetic activity through a cluster analysis. Overal…

SupplyrainfallevapotranspirationConcentration distribution[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/ClimatologyCluster analysisVegetation indexvegetationRainfall ratePlant cover[ SDE.MCG.CG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cgannual averagespatial resolutionphotosynthesisexhibits1995high resolution[SDE.MCG.CG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cgStructureWater use efficiencyResponsePluviometrycorrelationAfricaGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesSemi arid zone[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/ClimatologySouthern AfricaRainy season
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Comparative Hybrid Hartree-Fock-DFT Calculations of WO2-Terminated Cubic WO3 as Well as SrTiO3, BaTiO3, PbTiO3 and CaTiO3 (001) Surfaces

2021

We greatly acknowledge the financial support via the ERAF Project No. 1.1.1.1/18/A/073. Calculations were performed using Latvian Super Cluster (LASC), located in the Center of Excellence at Institute of Solid State Physics, the University of Latvia, which is supported by European Union Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-Teaming Phase 2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, project CAMART.

Surface (mathematics)ABO3 (001) surfacesMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringPopulationHartree–Fock method02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences7. Clean energyMolecular physicshybrid exchange–correlation functionalsInorganic ChemistryCrystalWO<sub>3</sub>Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsWO30103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]General Materials ScienceeducationABO<sub>3</sub> (001) surfaces010302 applied physicseducation.field_of_studyCrystallography021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAb initio calculations; ABO<sub>3</sub> (001) surfaces; WO<sub>3</sub>; hybrid exchange–correlation functionalsChemical bondQD901-999Ab initio calculations0210 nano-technologyLayer (electronics)Crystals
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Ab initiomodeling of surface structure forSrTiO3perovskite crystals

2001

We present and discuss the results of calculations of ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ (100) surface relaxation and rumpling with two different terminations (SrO and ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}).$ These are based on ab initio Hartree-Fock method with electron correlation corrections and density functional theory calculations with different exchange-correlation functionals, including hybrid exchange techniques. Both approaches use the localized Gaussian-type basis set. All methods agree well on surface energies and on atomic displacements, as well as on considerable increase of covalency effects nearby the surface. More detailed experiments on surface rumpling and relaxation are necessary for further testing …

Surface (mathematics)Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsElectronic correlationRelaxation (NMR)Ab initioSurface structureDensity functional theoryBasis setPerovskite (structure)Physical Review B
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Space partitioning of exchange-correlation functionals with the projector augmented-wave method

2018

We implement a Becke fuzzy cells type space partitioning scheme for the purposes of exchange-correlation within the GPAW projector augmented-wave method based density functional theory code. Space partitioning is needed in the situation where one needs to treat different parts of a combined system with different exchange-correlation functionals. For example, bulk and surface regions of a system could be treated with functionals that are specifically designed to capture the distinct physics of those regions. Here, we use the space partitioning scheme to implement the quasi-nonuniform exchange-correlation scheme, which is a useful practical approach for calculating metallic alloys on the gene…

Surface (mathematics)Correctnessprojector augmented wave methodFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFuzzy logiclaw.inventionSet (abstract data type)alloyslaw0103 physical sciencesmetalliseoksetPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpace partitioningta116density functional theoryPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials Scienceta114010304 chemical physicsgeneralized gradient approximationsPartitions (building)tiheysfunktionaaliteoriaMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)0104 chemical sciencesexchange correlation functionalsProjectorVoronoi diagramsDensity functional theoryProjector augmented wave methodDensity functional theoryapproksimointiAlgorithmThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Design and analysis of a one-dimensional sea surface simulator using the sum-of-sinusoids principle

2015

Simulators for sea surface waves are useful for many practical applications, such as the construction of offshore structures and ocean surface animations. This paper studies three methods for the design of one-dimensional sea surface waves simulators with given wave spectra using the sum-of-sinusoids (SOS) principle. The wave spectrum provides insight into important statistical properties of the sea surface waves, such as the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the sea surface waves, significant wave height, and the moments of the spectrum. The sea surface simulator is designed by applying the concept of deterministic channel modelling on two main classical wave spectra, namely the Pierson-Mo…

Surface (mathematics)EngineeringSurface wavebusiness.industryComputationAutocorrelationPierson–Moskowitz spectrumSignificant wave heightbusinessParametrizationSimulationWind wave model
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Roughening of the Cu(110) surface

1993

The structure of the Cu(110) surface is studied at high temperatures using a combination of lattice-gas Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics methods with identical many-atom interactions derived from the effective medium theory. The anisotropic six-vertex model is used in the interpretation of the lattice-gas results. We find a clear roughening transition around T_R=1000K and T_R/T_M=0.81. Molecular dynamics reveals the clustering of surface defects as the atomistic mechanism of the transition and allows us to estimate characteristic time scales. For the system of size 50x50, the time scale of the local roughening at 1150 K of an initially smooth surface is of the order of 100 ps.

Surface (mathematics)Materials scienceCondensed Matter (cond-mat)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesInterpretation (model theory)Molecular dynamicsTransition metalPhase (matter)Vacancy defect0103 physical sciencesAnisotropy010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed matter physicsOrder (ring theory)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCopperSmooth surfaceCorrelation function (statistical mechanics)chemistry0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review Letters
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The oxidation state of a protein observed molecole-by-molecule.

2005

We report the observation of the redox state of the blue copper protein azurin on the single-molecule level. The fluorescence of a small fluorophore attached to the protein is modulated by the change in absorption of the copper center via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). In our model system, the fluorescence label Cy5 was coupled to azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa via cysteine K27C. The Cy5 fluorescence was partially quenched by the absorption of the copper center of azurin in its oxidized state. In the reduced state, absorption is negligible, and thus no quenching occurs. We report on single-molecule measurements, both in solution by using fluorescence correlation spectros…

Surface PropertiesChemistryFluorescence spectrometryFluorescence correlation spectroscopyCarbocyaninesFluorescence in the life sciencesPhotochemistrySensitivity and SpecificityFluorescenceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFluorescence spectroscopyAbsorptionSpectrometry FluorescenceResonance fluorescenceAzurinPseudomonas aeruginosaFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferFluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAzurinOxidation-ReductionCopperFluorescent Dyes
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Power sensitivity analysis of multi-frequency, multi-polarized, multi-temporal SAR data for soil-vegetation system variables characterization

2017

Abstract: The knowledge of spatial and temporal variability of soil water content and others soil-vegetation variables (leaf area index, fractional cover) assumes high importance in crop management. Where and when the cloudiness limits the use of optical and thermal remote sensing techniques, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery has proven to have several advantages (cloud penetration, day/night acquisitions and high spatial resolution). However, measured backscattering is controlled by several factors including SAR configuration (acquisition geometry, frequency and polarization), and target dielectric and geometric properties. Thus, uncertainties arise about the more suitable configurati…

Synthetic aperture radarSpatial correlation010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesCloud coverScience0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyBackscatteringSoil water content01 natural scienceslaw.inventionsensitivity analysislawSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestalibackscattering; soil water content; surface roughness; leaf area index; sensitivity analysisRadarLeaf area indexWater content021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingSurface roughneQSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaSoil watersurface roughnessLeaf area indexSensitivity analysiBackscattering; Leaf area index; Sensitivity analysis; Soil water content; Surface roughness; Earth and Planetary Sciences (all)General Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceSpatial variabilityEarth and Planetary Sciences (all)Settore ICAR/06 - Topografia E Cartografia
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