Search results for "Cosmology"

showing 10 items of 2905 documents

Thermodynamic perfect fluid spheres admitting an orthogonal flat synchronization

2022

We analyze the interpretation of the spherically symmetric perfect fluid solutions that admit a flat synchronization orthogonal to the fluid flow as a thermodynamic perfect fluid in local thermal equilibrium. The ideal gas sonic condition is examined for this family of metrics, and the macroscopic conditions for physical reality are accurately tested for some specific solutions.

Physics::Fluid DynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
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Lorentzian Comments on Stokes Parameters

2003

The popular Stokes statements about polarized light are interpreted in a Minkowskian language using a Lorentzian representation for the Stokes parameters and the degree of polarization. The evolution equations for Stokes parameters on a curved space-time are obtained using the parallel transport of the polarization vector along a null geodesic. The interest of these equations in Astrophysics and Relativistic Cosmology is outlined.

Physics::Fluid DynamicsPhysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologysymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsGeodesics in general relativityParallel transportNull vectorsymbolsDegree of polarizationStokes parametersPolarization (waves)Cosmology
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The richest superclusters. II. Galaxy populations

2007

We study the morphology of galaxy populations of the richest superclusters from the catalogue of superclusters of galaxies in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey using the luminosity density distribution and Minkowski functional V3. We compare the properties of grouped and isolated galaxies in regions of different density in superclusters. We find that in high-density cores of rich superclusters there is an excess of early type, passive galaxies, among galaxies in groups and clusters, as well as among those which do not belong to groups, while in lower density outer regions there are more blue, star-forming galaxies both in groups and among those galaxies which do not belong to groups. This also…

Physics::General PhysicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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The environmental effects in the origin of angular momenta of galaxies

2011

We study the galaxy alignment in the sample of very rich Abell clusters located in and outside superclusters. The statistically significant difference among investigated samples exists. We found that in contrast to whole sample of cluster, where alignment increase with the cluster richness, the cluster belonging to the superclusters does not show this effect. Moreover, the alignment decreased with the supercluster richness. One should note however that orientations of galaxies in analyzed clusters are not random, both in the case when we analyzed whole sample of the clusters and only clusters belonging to the superclusters. The observed trend, dependence of galaxy alignment on both cluster …

Physics::General PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesPhysics::History of PhysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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"Table 5" of "Search for new phenomena in the WW to l nu l' nu' final state in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector"

2012

Observed and predicted W+W- transverse mass distribution in the E-MU channel. Also tabulated are the predictions for a RS graviton of mass 1000 GeV and a bulk RS graviton with mass 600 GeV.

Physics::General PhysicsElectron productionP P --> W+ W-7000.0Single Differential DistributionMuon productionGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics::TheoryProton-Proton ScatteringDN/DMExclusiveHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear ExperimentW Production
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How to interpret black hole entropy?

1998

We consider a possibility that the entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole has two different interpretations: The black hole entropy can be understood either as an outcome of a huge degeneracy in the mass eigenstates of the hole, or as a consequence of the fact that the interior region of black hole spacetime is separated from the exterior region by a horizon. In the latter case, no degeneracy in the mass eigenstates needs to be assumed. Our investigation is based on calculations performed with Lorentzian partition functions obtained for a whole maximally extended Schwarzschild spacetime, and for its right-hand-side exterior region. To check the correctness of our analysis we reproduce, in th…

Physics::General PhysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
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An absence of neutrinos associated with cosmic-ray acceleration in gamma-ray bursts

2012

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) have been proposed as a leading candidate for acceleration of ultra high-energy cosmic rays, which would be accompanied by emission of TeV neutrinos produced in proton-photon interactions during acceleration in the GRB fireball. Two analyses using data from two years of the IceCube detector produced no evidence for this neutrino emission, placing strong constraints on models of neutrino and cosmic-ray production in these sources.

Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaElectronvoltFOS: Physical sciencesFluxhigh-energy neutrinosCosmic rayddc:500.2AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesddc:070IcecubeAccelerationPioncosmic rays0103 physical sciencesTelescope010303 astronomy & astrophysicsVery EnergeticHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsFluxMultidisciplinary010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologySearchAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics13. Climate actionGamma Ray BurstsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoGamma-ray burstAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNATURE
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Background Simulations of the Wide Field Imager of the ATHENA X-Ray Observatory

2011

The ATHENA X-ray Observatory-IXO is a planned multinational orbiting X-ray observatory with a focal length of 11.5m. ATHENA aims to perform pointed observations in an energy range from 0.1 keV to 15 keV with high sensitivity. For high spatial and timing resolution imaging and spectroscopic observations the 640x640 pixel^2 large DePFET-technology based Wide field Imager (WFI) focal plane detector, providing a field of view of 18 arcsec will be the main detector. Based on the actual mechanics, thermal and shielding design we present estimates for the WFI cosmic ray induced background obtained by the use of Monte-Carlo simulations and possible background reduction measures.

Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCosmic background radiationSpace ShuttleFOS: Physical sciencesField of viewCosmic rayAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicslaw.inventionTelescopeOpticsObservatorylawNuclear electronicsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsFocal lengthImage resolutionInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)business.industryDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsCardinal pointElectromagnetic shieldingAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenabusiness
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"Table 1" of "A low-mass dark matter search using ionization signals in XENON100"

2018

WIMP exclusion limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section at 90% confidence level.

Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsNuclear TheoryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsSIGWIMP NUCLEON --> X
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Neutrino oscillation studies with IceCube-DeepCore

2016

IceCube, a gigaton-scale neutrino detector located at the South Pole, was primarily designed to search for astrophysical neutrinos with energies of PeV and higher. This goal has been achieved with the detection of the highest energy neutrinos to date. At the other end of the energy spectrum, the DeepCore extension lowers the energy threshold of the detector to approximately 10 GeV and opens the door for oscillation studies using atmospheric neutrinos. An analysis of the disappearance of these neutrinos has been completed, with the results produced being complementary with dedicated oscillation experiments. Following a review of the detector principle and performance, the method used to make…

Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsSolar neutrinopoleinteraction [neutrino nucleon]PINGU01 natural sciences7. Clean energyneutrino nucleon: interactionIceCubeenergy: thresholdAstronomi astrofysik och kosmologineutrino: atmosphereAstronomy Astrophysics and Cosmologydetector [neutrino]Physicsneutrino: energy spectrumoscillation [neutrino]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsatmosphere [neutrino]threshold [energy]mass difference [neutrino]Cosmic neutrino backgroundneutrino: detectorNeutrino detectorPhysique des particules élémentairesMeasurements of neutrino speedNeutrinoperformanceNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaneutrino: mass differenceddc:500.2530neutrino: energySOUTH-POLE0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsNeutrino oscillation010308 nuclear & particles physicsICEenergy spectrum [neutrino]Solar neutrino problemneutrino: mixing anglePhysics and Astronomyenergy [neutrino]High Energy Physics::Experimentneutrino: oscillationNeutrino astronomyMATTERSYSTEMmixing angle [neutrino]experimental results
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