Search results for "Cosmology"

showing 10 items of 2905 documents

Objective assessment of the effect of pupil size upon the power distribution of multifocal contact lenses

2017

AIM: To analytically assess the effect of pupil size upon the refractive power distributions of different designs of multifocal contact lenses. METHODS: Two multifocal contact lenses of center-near design and one multifocal contact lens of center-distance design were used in this study. Their power profiles were measured using the NIMO TR1504 device (LAMBDA-X, Belgium). Based on their power profiles, the power distribution was assessed as a function of pupil size. For the high addition lenses, the resulting refractive power as a function of viewing distance (far, intermediate, and near) and pupil size was also analyzed. RESULTS: The power distribution of the lenses was affected by pupil siz…

Distribution (number theory)genetic structuresLentes de contactoOptical powerAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicslaw.inventionObjective assessment03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsClinical ResearchlawMedicineComputer visionbusiness.industryPupil sizeeye diseasesPower (physics)Lens (optics)Contact lensOphthalmologyPupil magnification030221 ophthalmology & optometryOftalmologíaArtificial intelligencesense organsbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Drift Time Measurement in the ATLAS Liquid Argon Electromagnetic Calorimeter using Cosmic Muons

2010

The ionization signals in the liquid argon of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter are studied in detail using cosmic muons. In particular, the drift time of the ionization electrons is measured and used to assess the intrinsic uniformity of the calorimeter gaps and estimate its impact on the constant term of the energy resolution. The drift times of electrons in the cells of the second layer of the calorimeter are uniform at the level of 1.3% in the barrel and 2.8% in the endcaps. This leads to an estimated contribution to the constant term of (0.29-0.04+0.05)% in the barrel and (0.54-0.04+0.06)% in the endcaps. The same data are used to measure the drift velocity of ionization electrons …

Drift velocityPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsInstrumentationFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2ElectronAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsElectromagnetic CalorimeterATLAS; Drift Time Measurement; Cosmic Muons5307. Clean energy01 natural sciencesPartícules (Física nuclear)High Energy Physics - Experiment010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Atlas (anatomy)Ionization0103 physical sciencesmedicineFysikddc:530High Energy Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Cosmic MuonsDetectors and Experimental Techniques010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)Ciencias ExactasDetectors de radiacióPhysicsCalorimeter (particle physics)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAcceleradors de partículesResolution (electron density)Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)ATLASliquid argonElectromagnetic calorimetermedicine.anatomical_structureExperimental High Energy PhysicsDrift Time MeasurementPhysical SciencesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLHC
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Spectroscopic properties of pure and Coumarin 153-doped thin films of sol-gel silica xerogels

1999

Abstract Thin-films doped with Coumarin 153, an important laser dye, have been prepared by the sol-gel method. Spectroscopic properties of the entrapped dye are studied by electronic absorption, diffuse reflectance, electronic excitation, emission and time-resolved emission techniques. The obtained results indicate that the entrapment of the dye results in formation of molecular aggregates having absorption and emission characteristics different from those of the monomeric dye. The blue matrix emission band (at approx. 450 nm) is relatively short-lived while the red band (at approx. 700 nm) displays a very long lifetime. Electronic excitation spectra of the sol-gel thin-films suggest that t…

Dye laserChemistryOrganic ChemistryDopingAnalytical chemistryPhysics::OpticsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryDiffuse reflectionAbsorption (chemistry)Thin filmLuminescenceAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsSpectroscopyExcitationSol-gelJournal of Molecular Structure
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"Table 1" of "Measurements of the line shape of the Z0 and determination of electroweak parameters from its hadronic and leptonic decays"

1994

Hadronic cross sections from the 1990 data set. Additional systematic uncertainties come from efficiencies and background of 0.4 pct in addition to the luminosity uncertainty 0.7 pct.

E+ E- --> HADRONSE+ E- --> Z0E+ E- ScatteringIntegrated Cross SectionExclusiveHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCross SectionR measurementSIG88.223-94.202Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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"Table 40" of "Tuning and test of fragmentation models based on identified particles and precision event shape data."

1996

Compilation of multiplicities of baryons from current LEP I data.

E+ E- --> LAMBDA XE+ E- --> SIGMA(1385P13)- XE+ E- --> SIGMA(1385P13)+ XStrange productionNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyE+ E- --> OMEGA- X91.2Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsE+ E- --> P XMULTInclusiveE+ E- --> XI(1530P13)0 XE+ E- --> DELTA(1232P33)++ XE+ E- ScatteringComputer Science::Programming LanguagesE+ E- --> XI- XHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentE+ E- --> LAMBDA/B0 X
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"Table 10" of "Cross-sections and leptonic forward-backward asymmetries from the Z0 running of LEP."

2000

Cross section and forward-backward asymmetry in the TAU+ TAU- channel for the 1993 data. Additional systematic error for cross section of 0.60 PCT (efficiencies and backgrounds) and 0.29 PCT (absolute luminosity). Additional systematic error for the asymmetry of 0.0020.

E+ E- --> TAU+ TAU-Asymmetry MeasurementE+ E- ScatteringIntegrated Cross SectionExclusiveHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics89.431-93.015Cross SectionTau productionSIGASYM
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IPHAS-selected classical Be stars

2016

We present a semi-automatic procedure to obtain fundamental physical parameters and distances of classical Be (CBe) stars, based on the Barbier-Chalonge-Divan (BCD) spectrophotometric system. Our aim is to apply this procedure to a large sample of CBe stars detected by the IPHAS photometric survey, to determine their fundamental physical parameters and to explore their suitability as galactic structure tracers. In this paper we describe the methodology used and the validation of the procedure by comparing our results with those obtained from different independent astrophysical techniques for subsamples of stars in common with other studies. We also present a test case study of the galactic …

Early type starsAstrophysics and AstronomyPhysicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsStellar distanceAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsComputer Science::Digital Librariesobservational astronomyStellar AstronomyEarly-type starsBe starsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsNatural SciencesAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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Trumpler 14 and 16 in the Carina nebula

2017

We present the first extensive spectroscopic study of the global population in star clusters Trumpler 16, Trumpler 14, and Collinder 232 in the Carina nebula, using data from the Gaia-ESO Survey, down to solar-mass stars. In addition to the standard homogeneous survey data reduction, a special processing was applied here because of the bright nebulosity surrounding Carina stars. We find about 400 good candidate members ranging from OB types down to slightly subsolar masses. About 100 heavily reddened early-type Carina members found here were previously unrecognized or poorly classified, including two candidate O stars and several candidate Herbig Ae/Be stars. Their large brightness makes th…

Early type starsAstrophysics and AstronomyRadial velocityPhysicsexoplanet astronomyX-ray sourcesstellar astronomyCosmologyobservational astronomyOpen star clustersPre main sequence starsX ray sourcesEarly-type starsStellar spectral typesNatural SciencesPre-main sequence starsSpectroscopy
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Be stars in the exofield of CoRoT. II.

2018

The class of Be stars are the epitome of rapid rotators in the main sequence. These stars are privileged candidates for studying the incidence of rotation on the stellar internal structure and on non-radial pulsations. Pulsations are considered possible mechanisms to trigger mass-ejection phenomena required to build up the circumstellar disks of Be stars. Time series analyses of the light curves of 15 faint Be stars observed with the CoRoT satellite were performed to obtain the distribution of non-radial pulsation (NRP) frequencies in their power spectra at epochs with and without light outbursts and to discriminate pulsations from rotation-related photometric variations. Standard Fourier t…

Early type starsAstrophysics and AstronomyStellar AstronomyEarly-type starsBe starsPhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsNatural SciencesAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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Infrasonic, Acoustic and Seismic Waves Produced by the Axion Quark Nuggets

2022

We advocate an idea that the Axion Quark Nuggets (AQN) hitting the Earth can be detected by analysing the infrasound, acoustic and seismic waves which always accompany the AQN's passage in the atmosphere and underground. Our estimates for the infrasonic frequency $\nu\simeq 5$ ~Hz and overpressure $\delta p\sim 0.3 ~$Pa for relatively large size dark matter (DM) nuggets suggest that sensitivity of presently available instruments is already sufficient to detect very intense (but very rare) events today with existing technology. A study of much more frequent but less intense events requires a new type of instruments. We propose a detection strategy for a systematic study to search for such re…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)570Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)General MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeophysics (physics.geo-ph)Physics - GeophysicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyPhysics - Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Chemistry (miscellaneous)ddc:570Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)Computer Science (miscellaneous)dark matter; axion; quark nuggetsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsSymmetry
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