Search results for "Counterfeiting"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Studying the stability of Solvent Red 19 and 23 as excise duty components under the influence of controlled factors
2020
Abstract In this study, we examine the chemical stability of two disazo dyes, namely Solvent Red 19 and 23 (SR 19 and SR 23), under simulated conditions. Both dyes are considered to be chemically stable under normal exploitation conditions and therefore, are used extensively as excise duty components that enable a rapid visual verification of the tax levels that were imposed on fuel products as well as identifying fuel usage. However, the results from this study confirmed that the colour of the samples that had been fortified with either SR 19 or SR 23 fades under the influence of external conditions such as UV-A irradiation and temperature over time. The UV-A irradiation was the dominant f…
Luminescent YPO4:Eu@PVA dispersions for anti-counterfeiting ink applications
2023
A method was developed to obtain YPO4:Eu dispersions of PVA as a luminescent inks. YPO4:Eu nanoparticles were prepared by precipitation followed by hydrothermal treatment. The dispersion preparation included systematic studies to prepare a stable colloidal system and to investigate the role of parameters affecting its stability and UV-excited YPO4:Eu emission intensity. The effect of PVA concentration was studied in detail for two different PVAs to determine the optimal parameters for its use as ink with specific luminescent properties. The type of interactions responsible for the dispersion stability was also investigated.
Globalizācija un patērētāju drošība. Gana-CEPS muitas akcīzes un profilakses dienesta gadījumu izpēte
2019
Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot globalizācijas ietekmi uz patērētāju drošību, saskaņoti analizējot pasaules preču, pakalpojumu un viltošanas un pirātisma darbības, koncentrējoties uz Ganas ekonomiku. Pētījumā tika izmantoti primāri kvalitatīvie dati no Ganas akcīzes un profilakses pakalpojumiem (CEPS), lai noskaidrotu preču un pakalpojumu viltošanas un pirātisma pakāpi Ganā. Tas ir vispārējs pētījums, lai noteiktu viltošanas pakāpi no dažādām ekonomikas nozarēm; pārtikas produkti, dzērieni, farmācija, ķimikālijas, automobiļi, lauksaimniecība uc, analizējot ekspertu viedokļus un novērojumus, izmantojot strukturētu atklātu un slēgtu anketu dizainu. Pētījumu metodoloģijā tika izmantotas gan kval…
Counteracting counterfeiting? False money as a multidimensional justice issue in 16th and 17th century monetary analysis
2007
False money appeared as the general common issue in monetary debates that occured in European countries in the 16th and 17th centuries. It first refered to sovereignty, in a time of state-building, as well as to a serious economic problem. Beyond sovereignty and economy, justice and, then, the public faith, were endangered by those who devoted themselves to produce false coins. The thesis of this communication is that one cannot understand clearly the general topic of false money by reading texts of the time with today's general definition of false money. We propose, then, to identify the multiple dimensions of false money : counterfeiting (by individuals), degradations of coins (by individ…