Search results for "Couple"

showing 10 items of 968 documents

Experimental study and physical modeling of simultaneous heat and moisture transfer in bio-sourced insulating materials.

2019

The conventional heat transfer models are not sufficiently suitable for thermal characterization of bio-sourced thermal insulating materials due to their strongly hydrophilic nature. The proposed work in this PhD thesis aims to answer this problem with experimental and theoretical approaches of coupled heat-moisture transfers. In the experimental approach, a thermal insulating material based on Flax Fiber Felt (FFF) is developed and then characterized at different hygrometric conditions with an asymmetric hot plate device. The humidity diffusion characterization of the samples is done using the GAB, GDW and Park theoretical moisture adsorption isotherm models. In the theoretical approach, a…

Centered hot-Plate devicePropriétés thermophysiquesTransferts couplés chaleur-MasseAdsorption isothermsThermophysical properties[SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]Coupled heat-Mass transferIsothermes d'adsorptionThermal insulationMéthode plan chaudIsolation thermique[SPI.MECA.THER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]
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Hunting for the high-affinity state of G-protein-coupled receptors with agonist tracers: Theoretical and practical considerations for positron emissi…

2019

Abstract The concept of the high‐affinity state postulates that a certain subset of G‐protein‐coupled receptors is primarily responsible for receptor signaling in the living brain. Assessing the abundance of this subset is thus potentially highly relevant for studies concerning the responses of neurotransmission to pharmacological or physiological stimuli and the dysregulation of neurotransmission in neurological or psychiatric disorders. The high‐affinity state is preferentially recognized by agonists in vitro. For this reason, agonist tracers have been developed as tools for the noninvasive imaging of the high‐affinity state with positron emission tomography (PET). This review provides an…

Central Nervous SystemBETA-ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORpositron emission tomographyagonist high-affinity stateD-2/3 AGONISTG-protein-coupled receptorsReview ArticleReceptors G-Protein-Coupledchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDrug DiscoveryReceptorNeurotransmitterReview Articles0303 health sciencesmedicine.diagnostic_testNONHUMAN PRIMATE BRAINEndocytosisTEST-RETEST REPRODUCIBILITYPositron emission tomographyG‐protein‐coupled receptors030220 oncology & carcinogenesisENDOGENOUS OPIOID RELEASEMolecular MedicineIN-VIVO BINDINGSignal TransductionAgonistNoninvasive imagingexperimental designmedicine.drug_classNeurotransmissionRAT-BRAINneurotransmittersagonist high‐affinity state03 medical and health sciencesIn vivomedicineAnimalsHumanshuman brain030304 developmental biologyG protein-coupled receptorPharmacologyDOPAMINE D2(HIGH) RECEPTORS5-HT1A RECEPTORSchemistryPositron-Emission TomographyPET RADIOLIGANDRadiopharmaceuticalsNeuroscienceMedicinal research reviews
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Host microbiota constantly control maturation and function of microglia in the CNS.

2015

As the tissue macrophages of the CNS, microglia are critically involved in diseases of the CNS. However, it remains unknown what controls their maturation and activation under homeostatic conditions. We observed substantial contributions of the host microbiota to microglia homeostasis, as germ-free (GF) mice displayed global defects in microglia with altered cell proportions and an immature phenotype, leading to impaired innate immune responses. Temporal eradication of host microbiota severely changed microglia properties. Limited microbiota complexity also resulted in defective microglia. In contrast, recolonization with a complex microbiota partially restored microglia features. We determ…

Central Nervous SystemMaleCellGut–brain axis610 Medicine & healthBiologydigestive systemReceptors G-Protein-CoupledMiceImmunitymedicineAnimalsHomeostasis10239 Institute of Laboratory Animal ScienceReceptorInnate immune systemMicrogliaGeneral NeuroscienceMicrobiota2800 General NeuroscienceFatty Acids VolatilePhenotypeImmunity InnateMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemImmunology570 Life sciences; biology590 Animals (Zoology)FemaleMicrogliaNeuroscienceHomeostasisNature neuroscience
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The evolutionary history and tissue mapping of GPR123: specific CNS expression pattern predominantly in thalamic nuclei and regions containing large …

2007

The Adhesion family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) includes 33 receptors and is the second largest GPCR family. Most of these proteins are still orphans and fairly little is known of their tissue distribution and evolutionary context. We report the evolutionary history of the Adhesion family protein GPR123 as well as mapping of GPR123 mRNA expression in mouse and rat using in situ hybridization and real-time PCR, respectively. GPR123 was found to be well conserved within the vertebrate lineage, especially within the transmembrane regions and in the distal part of the cytoplasmic tail, containing a potential PDZ binding domain. The real-time PCR data indicates that GPR123 is predomin…

Central Nervous SystemMaleModels MolecularNeuronal signal transductionPDZ domainGene ExpressionContext (language use)In situ hybridizationBiologyBiochemistryReceptors G-Protein-CoupledMiceCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceAnimalsHumansTissue DistributionRNA MessengerNeural Cell Adhesion MoleculesIn Situ HybridizationPhylogenyG protein-coupled receptorReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionPyramidal CellsSubiculumRatsCell biologySignal transductionSequence AlignmentNeuroscienceBinding domainJournal of Neurochemistry
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Primary cilia are required for cerebellar development and Shh-dependent expansion of progenitor pool

2008

Cerebellar granule cell precursors (GCPs), which give rise to the most abundant neuronal type in the mammalian brain, arise from a restricted pool of primary progenitors in the rhombic lip (RL). Sonic hedgehog (Shh) secreted by developing Purkinje cells is essential for the expansion of GCPs and for cerebellar morphogenesis. Recent studies have shown that the primary cilium concentrates components of Shh signaling and that this structure is required for Shh signaling. GCPs have a primary cilium on their surface [Del Cerro, M.P., Snider, R.S. (1972). Studies on the developing cerebellum. II. The ultrastructure of the external granular layer. J Comp Neurol 144, 131-64.]. Here, we show that 1)…

CerebellumKinesinsReceptors G-Protein-CoupledMicePurkinje Cells0302 clinical medicinePrimary ciliaCerebellumSonic hedgehogPromoter Regions GeneticRhombic lipGenetics0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyCiliumStem CellsSonic hedgehogjoubert syndromeCerebellar developmentSmoothened ReceptorCell biologyneurogenesismedicine.anatomical_structurecerebellar developmentembryonic structuresanimal structuresNeurogenesisPopulationMice TransgenicBiologyKif3aArticle03 medical and health sciencessonic hedgehogprimary ciliaJoubert syndromeGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinmedicineAnimalsHumansKIF3AHedgehog ProteinsCiliaeducationMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyCell BiologyGranule cellMice Inbred C57BLbiology.proteinSmoothened030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDevelopmental Biology
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Validated fast procedure for trace element determination in basil powder

2011

Abstract An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopic (ICP-OES) method has been developed and fully validated for trace element determination in basil samples. The method involves the previous sample digestion, under pressure, with a mixture of HNO 3 , HCl and H 2 O 2 inside a microwave oven, 42 elements were studied and 33 elements (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, K, Se, Na, Sr, Tl, Ti, V, Zn, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Nd, Tb, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) were determined quantitatively in basil leaves obtained from Morocco and Spain. The method provided recovery percentages from 89% to 113% for spiked concentrations at mg kg −1 and μg kg −1 . Accurate results were found…

Certified reference materialsChemistryInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopyMicrowave ovenAnalytical chemistryTrace elementGeneral MedicineOptical emission spectroscopyInductively coupled plasmaSpectroscopyChemical compositionFood ScienceAnalytical ChemistryFood Chemistry
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Coupled-cluster theory for atoms and molecules in strong magnetic fields

2015

An implementation of coupled-cluster (CC) theory to treat atoms and molecules in finite magnetic fields is presented. The main challenges for the implementation stem from the magnetic-field dependence in the Hamiltonian, or, more precisely, the appearance of the angular momentum operator, due to which the wave function becomes complex and which introduces a gauge-origin dependence. For this reason, an implementation of a complex CC code is required together with the use of gauge-including atomic orbitals to ensure gauge-origin independence. Results of coupled-cluster singles-doubles-perturbative-triples (CCSD(T)) calculations are presented for atoms and molecules with a focus on the depende…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Physics010304 chemical physicsAtoms in moleculesBinding energyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldsymbols.namesakeCoupled clusterAtomic orbitalPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencessymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsAngular momentum operator010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)The Journal of Chemical Physics
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Convergence of coupled cluster perturbation theory.

2016

The convergence of a recently proposed coupled cluster (CC) family of perturbation series [Eriksen, J. J. et al., J. Chem. Phys. 140, 064108 (2014)], in which the energetic difference between two CC models - a low-level parent and a high-level target model - is expanded in orders of the M{\o}ller-Plesset (MP) fluctuation potential, is investigated for four prototypical closed-shell systems (Ne, singlet methylene, distorted HF, and the fluoride anion) in standard and augmented basis sets. In these investigations, energy corrections of the various series have been calculated to high orders and their convergence radii determined by probing for possible front- and back-door intruder states, the…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Physics010304 chemical physicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPerturbation (astronomy)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFull configuration interaction0104 chemical sciencesIonCoupled clusterPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesSinglet stateStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThe Journal of chemical physics
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Complex Ground-State and Excitation Energies in Coupled-Cluster Theory

2021

Since in coupled-cluster (CC) theory ground-state and excitation energies are eigenvalues of a non-Hermitian matrix, these energies can in principle take on complex values. In this paper we discuss the appearance of complex energy values in CC calculations from a mathematical perspective. We analyze the behaviour of the eigenvalues of Hermitian matrices that are perturbed (in a non-Hermitian manner) by a real parameter. Based on these results we show that for CC calculations with real-valued Hamiltonian matrices the ground-state energy generally takes a real value. Furthermore, we show that in the case of real-valued Hamiltonian matrices complex excitation energies only occur in the context…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)PhysicsBiophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsMatrix (mathematics)Coupled clusterPhysics - Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateMolecular BiologyComputer Science::DatabasesEigenvalues and eigenvectorsExcitation
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Electronic Structures and Spectroscopic Properties of 6π-Electron Ring Molecules and Ions E2N2 and E42+ (E = S, Se, Te)

2004

The electronic structures and molecular properties of square-planar 6π-electron ring molecules and ions E2N2 and E42+ (E = S, Se, Te) were studied using various ab initio methods and density functionals. All species were found to contain singlet diradical character in their electronic structures. Detailed analysis of the CAS wave function of S2N2 in terms of different valence bond structures gives the largest weight for a Lewis-type singlet diradical VB structure in which the two unpaired electrons reside on nitrogen atoms, though the relative importance of the different VB structures is highly dependent on the level of theory. The diradical character in both E2N2 and E42+ was found to incr…

Chemical speciesCrystallographyCoupled clusterUnpaired electronComputational chemistryChemistryDiradicalAb initioMoleculeValence bond theorySinglet statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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