Search results for "Criminalization"
showing 10 items of 21 documents
Time trends, characteristics, and evidence of scientific advances within the legal complaints for alleged sexual HIV transmission in Spain: 1996-2012.
2014
This article quantifies and characterizes existing legal complaints for the sexual transmission of HIV in Spain, describes temporal trends and whether advance of scientific knowledge is reflected in charging decisions, judicial reasoning, and sentences. Sentences and writs dictated by Spanish penal and civil jurisdictions between 1981 and 2012 were obtained through legal databases systematic search. Sixteen sentences and 9 writs belonging to 19 cases were included; 17 judged by penal and two by civil jurisdictions. The first sentence was pronounced in 1996, 3 between 1999 and 2000, 4 between 2001 and 2005, and 18 between 2006 and 2012. In 10 (53%) cases there was effective HIV transmission,…
Il traffico di migranti. Diritti, tutele, criminalizzazione
2015
Il volume affronta il tema del traffico di migranti da un punto di vista interdisciplinare, raccogliendo contributi di studiosi di varia provenienza. L'argomento vi è trattato non solo nella prospettiva - penalistica - della criminalizzazione dei trafficanti, ma anche in quella delle tutele da accordare al migrante trafficato e dei diritti da riconoscergli
The evolution of the European Union law on the criminalization of humanitarian assistance to irregular migrants: From the council directive 2002/90/C…
2021
With the new Pact on Migration and Asylum, the European Commission published the Guidance C(2020) 6470 of 23 September 2020 on the implementation of EU rules on definition and prevention of the facilitation of unauthorised entry, transit and residence. The present contribution shows as this guidance proposes an interpretation of the article 1 of the Council Directive 2002/90/CE, which only partially meets the problem of the criminalization of humanitarian assistance to irregular migrants, since it has shortcomings both at material and at formal level. After an analysis concerning the guidance capacity to impact on the Court of Justice and national judges case-law, the article ends with some…
Gibt es den strafrechtlichen Paternalismus? Ein Beitrag zu den Prinzipien der Kriminalisierung
2015
German translation of "ESISTE IL PATERNALISMO PENALE? UN CONTRIBUTO AL DIBATTITO SUI PRINCIPI DI CRIMINALIZZAZIONE" (originally published in Rivista italiana di diritto e procedura penale, 2014, pp. 1209-1248). A discussion on whether the so-called criminal paternalism is compatible with the fundamental assumptions of liberalism has been going on for a long time. The aim of this article is to show that criminal paternalism is actually not an autonomous principle of criminalization. Upon making a distinction between tutelary and despotic paternalism, this paper shows that the former is a manifestation of the principle of harm, while the latter is only apparently opposed to liberalism. Indee…
A Just Criminalization of Irregular Immigration: Is It Possible?
2015
The aim of this paper is to question, from the perspective of a principled theory of criminalization, the legitimacy of making irregular immigration (IM) a crime. In order to do this, I identify three main ways in which the political decision to introduce a crime of IM may be defended: according to the first, IM is a malum in se the wrongness of which resides in its being a violation of states’ territorial sovereignty; according to the second, IM is a justified malum prohibitum the wrongness of which resides in its being a violation of a justified immigration regulation; according to the third, IM is a malum in se the wrongness of which resides in its harmful consequences for receiving stat…
The Latvian LGBT Movement and Narratives of Normalization
2019
The article examines the visibility of the LGBT community in Latvian public discourse of the last thirty years and the history of LGBT activism. Special attention is paid to the normalization of same-sex relationships: to the social processes through which ideas and actions of a social group begin crossing the threshold of deviance toward becoming “normal” and acceptable to the majority. The history of Latvian LGBT activism can be seen as a struggle for normalization of the LGBT community and overcoming the effects of its pathologization and criminalization. More than 25 years after the decriminalization of male same-sex relationships, it should be asked why the level of homophobia in socie…
A premodern legacy: the "easy" criminalization of homosexual acts between women in the Finnish Penal Code of 1889.
1998
Homosexual acts between women were criminalized in Finland in the 1889 Penal Code which also criminalized men's homosexual acts for the first time explicitly in Finnish legislation. The inclusion of women in the Penal Code took place without much ado. In the article it is argued that the uncomplicated juxtaposing of men and women was due to the legacy of a cultural pattern where man and woman, as categories, were not in an all-pervasive polarity to each other, for example, in sexual subjectivity. A cultural pattern of low gender polarization was typical of preindustrial rural culture, and it can help us apprehend also certain other features in contemporary Finnish social and political life,…
"La cruna dell'ago": il migrante fra mobilità e controllo
2015
Il testo costituisce l'introduzione dei curatori al volume "Il traffico di migranti. Diritti, tutele, criminalizzazione". Essa fornisce una breve descrizione dei problemi connessi al tema e dei contributi raccolti.
Criminalizzazione dei migranti. Neoliberismo e derive fasciste
2020
obiettivo di questo contributo è quello di riflettere, a partire da alcuni dati empirici, su alcune pericolose derive che si stanno configurando nel nostro paese e sulla criminalizzazione dei migranti come risorsa politica strategica. The aim of this contribution is to reflect, starting from some empirical data, on some dangerous drifts that are taking shape in our country and on the criminalization of migrants as a strategic political resource.
Iniuria Migrandi: Criminalization of Immigrants and the Basic Principles of the Criminal Law
2013
In questo articolo mi propongo di effettuare una valutazione normativa, dal punto di vista di una teoria del diritto penale orientata secondo principi, delle norme che incriminano l'immigrazione irregolare. L'interrogativo generale sul quale mi soffermerò è questo: che modo di usare il diritto penale è implicato nella emanazione di simili norme? La mia tesi è, in sintesi, che si tratta di un vero e proprio abuso del diritto penale. In almeno due sensi: primo, nel senso che, criminalizzando l'immigrazione irregolare, il diritto penale bandisce (categorie di) persone, e non atti/omissioni, facendo qualcosa che un diritto penale rispettoso di alcuni principi liberali fondamentali non dovrebbe …