Search results for "Critical"
showing 10 items of 3024 documents
Using Multi-touch Multi-user Interactive Walls for Collaborative Active Learning
2019
Active learning has been advocated for enhancing students’ higher order cognition in social constructivist learning settings. However, with the increasing use of student-owned computing devices in face-to-face classrooms, there are risks of limited student-student interactions. Students are likely to be distracted by non-academic activities, hence becoming inactive with regards to the learning tasks. This article presents a technology enhanced learning approach, in which students perform group learning tasks using shared digital workspace while in a physical classroom. The workspace comprises of a 9-m wide screen wall with multi-touch, multi-user interfaces supporting multimodal interaction…
Systems thinking and its contribution to understanding future designer thinking
2017
Design is changing in a radical way. The object of design is transforming from tangible objects into services and furthermore, into systems. Increasingly, new insights arise from the interfaces between diverse disciplines – such as art, science and technology – which through various discourses and paradigms have been specialized and driven apart. This discussion paper pinpoints the so-called systems thinkers, hybrid-people, whose methods and habits of work are constituted by the reconciliation of different disciplines. The article aims to bring more understanding to the kind of thinking that is needed in the complex and dynamic environment in which we create and use design today. This discu…
The Induction Phase as a Critical Transition for Newly Qualified Teachers
2012
This chapter addresses the issue of becoming a teacher, with the induction phase as a critical transition from initial teacher education to the lifelong professional learning of teachers, and mentoring as a tool of support. It presents newly qualified teachers’ views on initial teacher education and discusses the need for fostering the connection between teacher training and the induction year. New teachers’ views on teacher induction and mentoring are based on research findings in Finland and other Nordic countries. Another important question addresses how initial teacher education can facilitate the metamorphosis of a student teacher into an autonomous teacher. The new teachers’ experienc…
Unfolding the relationship between resilient firms and the region
2017
ABSTRACTThis research explores organizational resilience in four manufacturing firms in four different regions of Norway. While regional resilience has gained attention in research, there have been few studies with a micro-level focus, investigating firms and their distinctive features of resilience. We chose a qualitative multiple-case study approach and employed a critical incident technique to study resilience in selected firms that had experienced external shocks and shifts in regard to changing markets, globalization and advances in technology. Each, however, had managed to continually develop resilience capacity over time. Our framework considered three dimensions of organizational re…
Magnetization states in ultrathin films with laterally modulated anisotropies
1998
Abstract Micromagnetic theory has been applied to a model system for ultrathin films with laterally modulated anisotropies, consisting of a periodic array of stripes with alternating uniaxial anisotropies. Despite of the discontinuous change of anisotropy, the magnetization direction only changes on a lateral scale given by the exchange length. If the width of one of the two alternating stripes is reduced below a critical value, the magnetization will switch into a uniform state. The variation of the critical width with period, anisotropy constants, exchange constant, and film thickness has been determined using an analytic approach. Non-uniform magnetization states and the magnetization re…
Depolarization Field and Properties of Thin Ferroelectric Films with Inclusion of the Electrode Effect
2005
The influence of metallic electrodes on the properties of thin ferroelectric films is considered in the framework of the Ginzburg-Landau phenomenological theory. The contribution of the electrodes with different screening lengths l s of carriers in the electrode material is included in the free-energy functional. The critical temperature T cl , the critical thickness of the film, and the critical screening length of the electrode at which the ferroelectric phase transforms into the paraelectric phase are calculated. The Euler-Lagrange equation for the polarization P is solved by the direct variational method. The results demonstrate that the film properties can be calculated by minimizing t…
Exact and Variational Treatment of Ferroelectric Thin Films with Different Materials of Electrodes
2005
We trace the influence of metallic electrodes on the properties of thin ferroelectric films. This has been done in the framework of the phenomenological Landau theory. We present both exact analytical solution of the problem in terms of Weierstrass elliptic functions and the variational solution. We calculate polarization, dielectric susceptibility, pyroelectric coefficient and depolarization field. We have shown that the ferroelectric phase of the film can be destroyed by the choice of material of electrodes with screening length exceeding some critical value. This demonstrates that we can control the physical properties of thin ferroelectric films by the proper choice of the electrode mat…
The trapping condition and a new instability of the ion motion in the ion cyclotron resonance trap
1995
Abstract In analogy to the critical mass, m crit , a critical voltage, U crit , (and a general trapping parameter, π trap ) is defined, above which the ion motion in an ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) trap is unstable and the ions are lost from the trap. The theoretical values for the critical voltage are confirmed by experimental results. Singly charged gold cluster ions, Au n − , of several sizes, n = 50, 60, 76, 100, 110, and 145 (the latter corresponding to an ion mass of 28 560 u), were injected into an ICR trap, stored, and detected by axial ejection and single ion counting using a microchannel plate detector. During the storage period the trapping voltage, U , was varied for extended d…
Properties of condensed spin-aligned atomic hydrogen from variational calculations
1979
The optimal Jastrow-type ground-state wave function of spin-aligned atomic hydrogen is calculated using the pair potential of Kolos and Wolniewicz. The optimization is performed by solving the Euler equation in the hypernetted chain approximation. Accurate energies as well as pair-distribution functions are obtained. The Bose-Einstein condensate fraction is evaluated from the one-particle momentum distribution. The pair distribution function is also used to obtain stability criteria for the system and minimal values for the aligning magnetic field are calculated at low densities. The resulting values of the minimal aligning fields are considerably higher than those obtained previously.
Dynamically stabilized spin superfluidity in frustrated magnets
2020
We study the onset of spin superfluidity, namely coherent spin transport mediated by a topological spin texture, in frustrated exchange-dominated magnetic systems, engendered by an external magnetic field. We show that for typical device geometries used in nonlocal magnetotransport experiments, the magnetic field stabilizes a spin superflow against fluctuations, up to a critical current. For a given current, the critical field depends on the precessional frequency of the texture, which can be separately controlled. We contrast such dynamic stabilization of a spin superfluid to the conventional approaches based on topological stabilization.