Search results for "Cross-sectional study"
showing 10 items of 861 documents
Cross-sectional study of quadriceps properties and postural stability in patients with chronic stroke and limited vs. non-limited community ambulatio…
2019
Background: Changes in the paretic-side metabolism post-stroke and quadriceps muscle mechanical properties favour muscle wasting, affecting postural instability and walking impairment. Further clar...
The Particular Story of Italians' Relation with Alcohol: Trends in Individuals' Consumption by Age and Beverage Type.
2015
Aims In Italy, sales data show a dramatic fall in alcohol consumption between 1970 and 2010. The aim of our study is to provide updated information on trends, prevalence and determinants of alcohol drinking in Italy, using individual-level data. Methods Seven nationally representative cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Italy between 2006 and 2014, on a total sample of 21,416 participants aged ≥15 years, with available information on weekly consumption of wine, beer and spirits. Results Per capita alcohol consumption decreased by 23% between 2006 and 2014 (from 5.6 to 4.4 drinks/week), due to the fall in wine drinking. Overall, the prevalence of alcohol drinkers was 61.6%. Individuals…
Dental anomalies inside the cleft region in individuals with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate
2015
Background Individuals with non syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P) present high frequency of dental anomalies, which may represent complicating factors for dental treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies inside cleft area in a group of Brazilians with NSCL±P. Material and Methods Retrospective analysis of 178 panoramic radiographs of patients aged from 12 to 45 years old and without history of tooth extraction or orthodontic treatment was performed. Association between cleft type and the prevalence of dental anomalies was assessed by chi-square test with a significance level set at p≤ 0.05. Results Dental anomalies were fo…
A survey of pathology specimens associated with impacted teeth over a 21-year period
2019
Background To compare the histologic diagnosis of lesions associated with impacted teeth from a South African population with literature data. Material and Methods A retrospective cross-sectional survey of tissue specimens associated with impacted teeth that were analyzed in the Department of Oral Pathology (University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa) between 1996 and 2016. Patient age, gender, impacted tooth location and the histologic diagnosis were recorded for statistical analysis. Results Odontogenic pathology was diagnosed in 389 (95.6%) specimens while dental follicle comprised 4.4% of tissue submissions. The mean age was 25.3 ±15.2 years with a male predilection (M:F=1.8:1). The …
Influence of the usual motivation for dental attendance on dental status and oral health-related quality of life
2013
Objectives: To evaluate the influence of dental visiting patterns on the dental status and Oral Health-related Qua- lity of Life (OHQoL) of patients visiting the University Clinic of Salamanca (Spain). Study Design: This cross-sectional study consisted of a clinical oral examination and a questionnaire-based inter - view in a consecutive sample of patients seeking a dental examination. Patients were classified as problem-based dental attendees (PB) and regular dental attendees (RB). Clinical and OHQoL (OHIP-14 & OIDP) data were compared between groups. Pair-wise comparisons were performed and a Logistic Regression Model was fitted for predicting the Odds Ratio (OR) of being a PB patient. Re…
Assessing the association between unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) and oral health status among healthy adult subjects: A cross-sectiona…
2018
Background This study aimed to test the association between the unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) and the oral health status represented by dental and gingival status among healthy adult subjects. Material and Methods This work was a cross-sectional study of patients attending the undergraduate dental clinics at AlFarabi College for Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study population consisted of 502 systemically healthy adults aged 18–35 years. UWSFR was collected for all study participants and expressed as ml/min. Oral health status was estimated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S). The number of decayed teeth…
Oral health-related quality of life in orthodontics: a cross-sectional multicentre study on patients in orthodontic treatment
2019
Summary Objective This study aimed to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in relation to associated covariates in orthodontic patients of different age groups (children, adolescents, and adults) in a cross-sectional study. Methods A total of 898 subjects (50.6% females, 49.4% males; mean age 16.89 years) undergoing orthodontic treatment anonymously completed the German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G14) to assess OHRQoL in addition to completing 23 other items. Descriptive, exploratory statistical analysis and multiple linear regression modelling were performed. Results The mean score of the OHIP-G14 was 8.3 for the 6- to 11-year olds, 8.9 for the 12- to 17…
Validation of the Spanish version of the Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire.
2018
Background The Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (FHC-OHRQOL-Q) is an instrument designed specifically for parents and caregivers of patients with special needs that has not yet been applied in Spain. The aim of this study was to adapt it to Spanish and evaluate its reliability and validity in patients with intellectual disability (ID) treated under general anesthesia. Material and Methods The study was conducted in two different stages: a) cross-cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire, and b) cross-sectional study on 100 parents and caregivers who completed the piloted FHC-OHRQOL-Q. The patients were examined according to the WHO m…
Dental aesthetics, self-awareness, and oral health-related quality of life in young adults.
2004
The aim of the present study was to explore the putative relationship between dental aesthetics and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), taking into consideration the potential direct and moderating influence of private and public self-consciousness. The subjects of this cross-sectional survey were 148 university students. Dental aesthetics were assessed by means of the aesthetic component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). OHRQoL was estimated using a modification of the scales 'social appearance concern' and 'appearance disapproval', and a novel dental self-confidence scale. In addition, the private and public self-consciousness scales were used. Two-factor a…
Internet Addiction Disorder: An Italian Study
2007
Abstract The Italian version of the Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was administered online to a sample of Italian chatters (n = 236) who were different in terms of gender, age, and occupation. Results revealed that young users are more at-risk subjects for Internet addiction than adults, perceiving a compromised social and individual quality of their life that led them to make a compensatory usage of the Internet. Similarly, employed users perceive their social and individual quality of life as more compromised by the Internet than students. Moreover, subjects who declared spending much time online obtained IAT scores higher than others in all the IAT subscales. Finally, nightly user…