Search results for "Crypt"

showing 10 items of 1111 documents

A two-slope achievement scalarizing function for interactive multiobjective optimization

2012

The use of achievement (scalarizing) functions in interactive multiobjective optimization methods is very popular, as indicated by the large number of algorithmic and applied scientific papers that use this approach. Key parameters in this approach are the reference point, which expresses desirable objective function values for the decision maker, and weights. The role of the weights can range from purely normalizing to fully preferential parameters that indicate the relative importance given by the decision maker to the achievement of each reference value. Technically, the influence of the weights in the solution generated by the achievement scalarizing function is different, depending on …

Mathematical optimizationRange (mathematics)General Computer ScienceComputer scienceModeling and Simulationta111Key (cryptography)Point (geometry)WeightFunction (mathematics)Management Science and Operations ResearchMulti-objective optimizationAlgorithmComputers & Operations Research
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Apparel sizing using trimmed PAM and OWA operators

2012

This paper is concerned with apparel sizing system design. One of the most important issues in the apparel development process is to define a sizing system that provides a good fit to the majority of the population. A sizing system classifies a specific population into homogeneous subgroups based on some key body dimensions. Standard sizing systems range linearly from very small to very large. However, anthropometric measures do not grow linearly with size, so they can not accommodate all body types. It is important to determine each class in the sizing system based on a real prototype that is as representative as possible of each class. In this paper we propose a methodology to develop an …

Mathematical optimizationeducation.field_of_studyAnthropometric dataTrimmed k-medoidsComputer scienceProcess (engineering)PopulationGeneral EngineeringClass (biology)SizingComputer Science ApplicationsRange (mathematics)Artificial IntelligenceKey (cryptography)Sizing systemsSystems designOWA operatorsCluster analysiseducationSimulation
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Macroalgal assemblage type affects predation pressure on sea urchins by altering adhesion strength.

2010

In the Mediterranean, sea breams are the most effective Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula predators. Generally, seabreams dislodge adult urchins from the rocky substrate, turn them upside down and crush their tests. Sea urchins may respond to fish attacks clinging tenaciously to the substratum. This study is the first attempt to investigate sea urchin adhesion strength in two alternative algal assemblages of the rocky infralittoral and valuated its possible implication for fish predation. We hypothesized that (1) sea urchin adhesion strength is higher in rocky shores dominated by encrusting macro-algae (ECA) than in erected macro algae (EMA); (2) predation rates upon sea urchins are …

Mediterranean climateSettore BIO/07 - EcologiaSea urchinFish predationAquatic ScienceOceanographyParacentrotus lividusPredationAntipredator defenceRocky shoreBarrenbiology.animalAnimalsSea urchinPredatorArbacia lixulabiologyurogenital systemEcologyCryptic behaviourEukaryotaGeneral MedicineBiodiversitybiology.organism_classificationPollutionSubstrate (marine biology)Sea BreamPredatory BehaviorSea Urchinsembryonic structuresAntipredator strategyEnvironmental MonitoringMarine environmental research
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Identification of Morphological Biosignatures in Martian Analogue Field Specimens Using In Situ Planetary Instrumentation

2008

International audience; We have investigated how morphological biosignatures (i.e., features related to life) might be identified with an array of viable instruments within the framework of robotic planetary surface operations at Mars. This is the first time such an integrated lab-based study has been conducted that incorporates space-qualified instrumentation designed for combined in situ imaging, analysis, and geotechnics ( sampling). Specimens were selected on the basis of feature morphology, scale, and analogy to Mars rocks. Two types of morphological criteria were considered: potential signatures of extinct life ( fossilized microbial filaments) and of extant life (crypto-chasmoendolit…

Meridiani PlanumIn situGeologic Sediments010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPYInstrumentationOrigin of LifeAntarctic RegionsMarsGUSEV CRATERExploration of MarsCalcium Sulfate01 natural sciencesCRYPTOENDOLITHIC LICHENSCalcium CarbonateAstrobiologyRAMAN-SPECTROSCOPIC DETECTIONGermanyExobiology0103 physical sciences010303 astronomy & astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingMartianMineralsPlanetary surfaceSpectrometerMERIDIANI-PLANUMWESTERN-AUSTRALIAMars Exploration ProgramAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceMARS EXPLORATIONAmericasANTARCTIC HABITATSIron CompoundsGeologyHAUGHTON IMPACT STRUCTUREAstrobiology
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Analysis of metal spinning processes by the ADINA code

1989

Abstract The ADINA code, version 84, has been employed for the analysis of sheet spinning processes. The main process parameters have been evaluated in different working conditions; namely for various geometries and constitutive laws of the material.

Metal spinningEngineeringbiologybusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringProcess (computing)Mechanical engineeringStructural engineeringbiology.organism_classificationComputer Science ApplicationsModeling and SimulationCode (cryptography)General Materials SciencebusinessAdinaSpinningCivil and Structural EngineeringComputers & Structures
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Metal Complexes as Receptors

2017

The role played by metal complexes as receptors of different substrates is discussed. For this purpose, several relevant examples of the work performed by different research groups have been briefly discussed. The metal complexes have been organized attending to the molecular topology of the ligands employed. The article ends with the description of metallocages in which at least one of the metal ions constituting the cage framework binds the guest through coordinative bonds.

MetalResearch groupsChemistryStereochemistryvisual_artMetal ions in aqueous solutionPolymer chemistryCryptandvisual_art.visual_art_mediummacromolecular substancesMolecular topologyReceptor
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The Blockchain in Microgrids for Transacting Energy and Attributing Losses

2017

In recent years novel models for energy distribu- tion appeared and islanded microgrids quest for new ways to exchange energy between consumers and producers without the need of central authorities. The blockchain mechanism has emerged as a distributed solution for recording energy transactions in power systems. The blockchain has been used to permit users bartering and selling energy and to keep track of such exchanges without exposing them to tampering. In this work, we consider a novel application of the blockchain in islanded microgrids that includes also annotating energy losses caused by energy transactions, in order to have a more realistic matching between the physical status of the…

Micro-gridsCryptocurrencyEnergy blockchainBlockchainSettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniComputer science020209 energyDistributed computingTransactive energyPhotovoltaic systemBarter02 engineering and technologyAC powerSettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaElectric power system0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGrid energy storageMicrogrid2017 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData)
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One Health Approach to Zoonotic Parasites: Molecular Detection of Intestinal Protozoans in an Urban Population of Norway Rats, Rattus norvegicus, in …

2021

Rattus norvegicus, the brown or Norway rat, is the most abundant mammal after humans in urban areas, where they live in close proximity to people. Among rodent-borne diseases, the reservoir role of Norway rats of zoonotic parasites in cities has practically been ignored. Considering the parasitic diseases in the One Health approach, we intended to identify and quantify the zoonotic intestinal protozoans (ZIP) in an urban population of R. norvegicus in the city of Barcelona, Spain. We studied the presence of ZIP in 100 rats trapped in parks (n = 15) as well as in the city’s sewage system (n = 85) in the winter of 2016/17. The protozoans were molecularly identified by means of a multiplex PCR…

Microbiology (medical)BarcelonaParàsits<i>Giardia duodenalis</i>PopulationDientamoeba fragilislcsh:MedicineSewageZoologyBiology<i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp.Cryptosporidium spp.Article<i>Blastocystis</i>Cryptosporidium sppOne Health approachZoonosesUrbanizationMicroorganismes patògensPandemicparasitic diseasesImmunology and AllergyeducationMolecular BiologyDientamoeba fragilis<i>Dientamoeba fragilis</i><i>Rattus norvegicus</i>education.field_of_studyBlastocystisGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industrylcsh:RCryptosporidiumbiology.organism_classificationRattus norvegicuszoonosesInfectious DiseasesOne HealthBlastocystisbusinessGiardia duodenalis
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Effect of antiretroviral protease inhibitors alone, and in combination with paromomycin, on the excystation, invasion and in vitro development of Cry…

2003

With the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus in the early 1980s, cryptosporidiosis was regarded as an AIDS-defining disease. As an opportunistic pathogen, the intestinal parasite Cryptosporidium parvum became an important cause of chronic diarrhoea, leading to high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. To date, no effective chemotherapy is available. With the introduction of protease inhibitors (PIs) in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence of cryptosporidiosis in AIDS patients has declined substantially in western countries. We have therefore tested the effect of five PIs used in HAART on the excystation, invasion and development of the parasit…

Microbiology (medical)Cell SurvivalParomomycinvirusesCryptosporidiosisParomomycinHost-Parasite InteractionsMicrobiologyImmunoenzyme Techniquesimmune system diseasesIndinavirAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActiveCell Line TumormedicineAnimalsHumansPharmacology (medical)Protease inhibitor (pharmacology)AmebicidesAntibacterial agentCryptosporidium parvumPharmacologybiologyvirus diseasesDrug SynergismHIV Protease Inhibitorsbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationVirologyInfectious DiseasesCryptosporidium parvumNelfinavirRitonavirSaquinavirmedicine.drugJournal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Cyclospora cayetanensis: first imported infections in Germany.

1997

Over the last decade increasing numbers of enteritis cases have been attributed to infection with a new coccidian species that was named Cyclospora cayetanensis in 1993. Diarrhea caused by this agent is clinically indistinguishable from cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis and microsporidiosis, but Cyclospora infections are often very prolonged (up to 15 weeks) and may cause severe weight loss. Diagnosis of infection is important because, in contrast to diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium and microsporidia, treatment with co-trimoxazole is effective. Here we report the cases of two female patients, aged 70 and 58 years old, respectively, who suffered from severe, prolonged diarrhea after a vacati…

Microbiology (medical)DiarrheaIsosporiasisMicrosporidiosisCyclospora cayetanensisEnteritisMicrobiologyDiagnosis DifferentialFecesEucoccidiidaparasitic diseasesmedicineAnimalsHumansIntestinal Diseases ParasiticAgedTravelbiologyCoccidiosisCryptosporidiumGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologyCyclosporaDiarrheaCoccidiosisInfectious DiseasesFemalemedicine.symptomInfection
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