Search results for "Cusp"

showing 10 items of 202 documents

In Silico Shear and Intramural Stresses are Linked to Aortic Valve Morphology in Dilated Ascending Aorta

2017

Objective/Background: The development of ascending aortic dilatation in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is highly variable, and this makes surgical decision strategies particularly challenging. The purpose of this study was to identify new predictors, other than the well established aortic size, that may help to stratify the risk of aortic dilatation in BAV patients.Methods: Using fluid-structure interaction analysis, both haemodynamic and structural parameters exerted on the ascending aortic wall of patients with either BAV ( n = 21) or tricuspid aortic valve (TAV; n = 13) with comparable age and aortic diameter (42.7 +/- 5.3 mm for BAV and 45.4 +/- 10.0 mm for TAV) were compared…

Aortic valveMalePatient-Specific ModelingComputed Tomography AngiographyHeart Valve DiseasesHemodynamics02 engineering and technology030204 cardiovascular system & hematology0302 clinical medicineBicuspid aortic valveBicuspid Aortic Valve DiseaseRisk FactorsAortaSinotubular JunctionModels CardiovascularSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeComputational modelingAneurysm of ascending aortaMiddle AgedAortic AneurysmHeart Valve Diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureAortic Valvecardiovascular systemCardiologyWall shear streFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineBlood Flow VelocityDilatation PathologicHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyBicuspid aortic valve0206 medical engineeringAortography03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicine.arteryAscending aortamedicineHumansAgedAortabusiness.industryRisk FactorSignificant differenceHemodynamicsmedicine.disease020601 biomedical engineeringAortic wallRegional Blood FlowSurgeryStress Mechanicalbusiness
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Focus on the unique mechanisms involved in thoracic aortic aneurysm formation in bicuspid aortic valve versus tricuspid aortic valve patients: clinic…

2013

OBJECTIVES: The involvement of different factors in the onset of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) vs those with a tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) is well recognized. However, the molecular, genetic and cellular mechanisms driving TAA remain unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the different mechanisms involved in TAA development in patients with BAV vs TAV. METHODS: Aorta specimens and DNA samples were collected from 24 BAV (18 men and 6 women; mean age: 54.2 ± 14.39 years) and 110 TAV (79 men and 31 women, mean age: 66 ± 9.8 years) patients. A control group of 128 subjects (61 men and 67 woman, mean age: 61.1 ± 5.8 years) was also enrolle…

Aortic valveMaleThoracicHeart Valve DiseasesApoptosisPilot ProjectsBicuspid aortic valve; Clinical implications; Identifying different genetic and histological profiles; Thoracic aortic aneurysm; Tricuspid aortic valve; Adult; Aged; Aortic Aneurysm Thoracic; Aortic Valve; Apoptosis; Comorbidity; Female; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Heart Valve Diseases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; Risk Factors; Tricuspid ValveComorbidityBicuspid aortic valveBicuspid Aortic Valve DiseaseGene FrequencyFibrosisRisk FactorsClinical implicationsTricuspid valvebiologyHistocytochemistryGeneral MedicineSingle NucleotideMiddle AgedAortic Aneurysmmedicine.anatomical_structureMatrix Metalloproteinase 9Aortic ValveCardiologyFemaleTricuspid ValveCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyBicuspid aortic valveGenotypeThoracic aortic aneurysmTricuspid aortic valvePolymorphism Single Nucleotidemedicine.arteryInternal medicineThoracic aortic aneurysmAscending aortamedicineSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePolymorphismIdentifying different genetic and histological profilesAgedAortaAortic Aneurysm Thoracicbusiness.industryAngiotensin-converting enzymeSettore MED/23 - Chirurgia Cardiacamedicine.diseasebiology.proteinSurgerybusinessEuropean journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
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Outcomes of aortic valve repair according to valve morphology and surgical techniques

2012

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of aortic valve morphology and different surgical aortic valve repair techni- ques on long-term clinical outcomes. METHODS: Between February 2003 and May 2010, 216 patients with aortic insufficiency underwent aortic valve repair in our institu- tion. Ages ranged between 26 and 82 years (mean 53 ± 15 years). Aortic valve dysfunctions, according to functional classification, were: type I in 55 patients (25.5%), type II in 126 (58.3%) and type III in 35 (16.2%). Sixty-six patients (27.7%) had a bicuspid valve. Aortic valve repair techniques included sub-commissural plasty in 138 patients, plication in 84, free-edge reinforcement in 80,…

Aortic valveMaleTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentKaplan-Meier EstimateAortic valve repairRecurrenceRisk FactorsMitral valve80 and overHospital MortalityCoronary Artery BypassAortaUltrasonographyAged 80 and overTricuspid valveCalcinosisCardiac Valve AnnuloplastyMiddle AgedAortic valve repair • Bicuspid aortic valve • Tricuspid aortic valve • Aortic annulus stabilization medicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeAortic ValveReplantationcardiovascular systemCardiologyChordae TendineaeMitral ValveFemaleChordae tendineaeCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineAdult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Aorta; Aortic Valve; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Calcinosis; Chordae Tendineae; Coronary Artery Bypass; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Hospital Mortality; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Middle Aged; Mitral Valve; Proportional Hazards Models; Recurrence; Replantation; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography; Cardiac Valve Annuloplasty; Suture TechniquesPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAortic Valve InsufficiencyRisk AssessmentCardiac Valve AnnuloplastyDisease-Free SurvivalBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationBicuspid valveInternal medicinemedicineHumansAgedProportional Hazards ModelsMitral valve repairbusiness.industrySuture TechniquesSettore MED/23 - Chirurgia CardiacaOriginal ArticlesSurgerySurgerybusiness
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Difference in hemodynamic and wall stress of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms with bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valve.

2012

The aortic dissection (AoD) of an ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) initiates when the hemodynamic loads exerted on the aneurysmal wall overcome the adhesive forces holding the elastic layers together. Parallel coupled, two-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analyses were performed on patient-specific ATAAs obtained from patients with either bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) or tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) to evaluate hemodynamic predictors and wall stresses imparting aneurysm enlargement and AoD. Results showed a left-handed circumferential flow with slower-moving helical pattern in the aneurysm's center for BAV ATAAs whereas a slight deviation of the blood flow toward the anterolater…

Aortic valveMalemedicine.medical_specialtyFluid–structure interaction Aortic dissection Ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm Bicuspid aortic valveBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsHeart Valve DiseasesAorta ThoracicThoracic aortic aneurysmArticleAortic aneurysmBicuspid aortic valveBicuspid Aortic Valve DiseaseInternal medicinemedicine.arteryCoronary CirculationAscending aortamedicineThoracic aortaHumansOrthopedics and Sports Medicinecardiovascular diseasesAgedAortic dissectionAortabusiness.industryRehabilitationHemodynamicsModels CardiovascularMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseElasticityAortic Aneurysmmedicine.anatomical_structureAortic ValveCardiologycardiovascular systemFemaleTricuspid ValvebusinessJournal of biomechanics
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AB0564 HEART VALVULAR ALTERATIONS IN A MULTICENTRE ITALIAN COHORT OF SSC PATIENTS

2020

Background:systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction, diffuse microangiopathy, and fibrosis of skin and visceral organs. Typical cardiac involvement may includes microvascular ischemia, contraction band necrosis, and patchy fibrosis, leading mainly to arrythmias and conduction defects, diastolic dysfunction, or right ventricular failure (secondary to pulmonary arterial hypertension) [1]. Valvular diseases are poorly described and generally not considered a typical sign of SSc [2-4].Objectives:we aimed to describe valvular alterations in a multicentre cohort of SSc patients.Methods:we consecutively recruited 118 SSc patients (M/F: 14/10…

Aortic valveMitral regurgitationmedicine.medical_specialtyTricuspid valvebusiness.industryImmunologyTricuspid insufficiencymedicine.diseaseGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySclerodermamedicine.anatomical_structureRheumatologyPulmonary valveMitral valveInternal medicinemedicineCardiologyImmunology and AllergyTransthoracic echocardiogrambusinessAnnals of the Rheumatic Diseases
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Transcatheter Heart Valve Implantation in Bicuspid Patients with Self-Expanding Device

2021

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients are conventionally not treated by transcathether aortic valve implantation (TAVI) because of anatomic constraint with unfavorable outcome. Patient-specific numerical simulation of TAVI in BAV may predict important clinical insights to assess the conformability of the transcathether heart valves (THV) implanted on the aortic root of members of this challenging patient population. We aimed to develop a computational approach and virtually simulate TAVI in a group of n.6 stenotic BAV patients using the self-expanding Evolut Pro THV. Specifically, the structural mechanics were evaluated by a finite-element model to estimate the deformed THV configuration in …

Aortic valveTechnologymedicine.medical_specialtybicuspid aortic valveQH301-705.5medicine.medical_treatment0206 medical engineeringDiastoleBioengineering02 engineering and technology030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBicuspid aortic valve Finite-element analysis Fluid–solid interaction Transcatheter aortic valve implantationArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBicuspid aortic valveInternal medicinemedicine.arterymedicineCardiac skeletonHeart valveBiology (General)transcatheter aortic valve implantationAortabusiness.industryTSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeStentmedicine.diseasefluid–solid interaction020601 biomedical engineeringAortic wallmedicine.anatomical_structurefinite-element analysiscardiovascular systemCardiologybusinessBioengineering
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Bicuspid aortic valve and sports: From the echocardiographic evaluation to the eligibility for sports competition

2021

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect in adults. Although a BAV may remain without clinical consequences for a lifetime, it can deteriorate in aortic valve stenosis and regurgitation and aortic dilatation. Unfortunately, the impact of regular training on patients with BAV and its natural course is not fully understood, although preliminary evidence suggests that the progression of valvular disease occurs primarily in an independent manner from sports practice. The current review aims to report how to perform a comprehensive echocardiographic examination in athletes with BAV and analyze the current literature on the influence of sports practice and how it imp…

Aortic valvemedicine.medical_specialtyCompetitive BehaviorEligibility DeterminationPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationRegurgitation (circulation)030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBicuspid Aortic Valve03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBicuspid aortic valveValvular diseaseBicuspid Aortic Valve DiseaseInternal medicinemedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineEligibility DeterminationExerciseAortaAortic dilatationbiologybusiness.industryAthletes030229 sport sciencesbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseEchocardiography Dopplermedicine.anatomical_structureAortic valve stenosiscardiovascular systemCardiologybusinessDilatation PathologicPhysical Conditioning HumanSports
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Deep learning approach for the segmentation of aneurysmal ascending aorta.

2020

Diagnosis of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) is based on the measurement of the maximum aortic diameter, but size is not a good predictor of the risk of adverse events. There is growing interest in the development of novel image-derived risk strategies to improve patient risk management towards a highly individualized level. In this study, the feasibility and efficacy of deep learning for the automatic segmentation of ATAAs was investigated using UNet, ENet, and ERFNet techniques. Specifically, CT angiography done on 72 patients with ATAAs and different valve morphology (i.e., tricuspid aortic valve, TAV, and bicuspid aortic valve, BAV) were semi-automatically segmented with Mimic…

Aortic valvemedicine.medical_specialtyComputer science0206 medical engineeringBiomedical Engineering02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesThoracic aortic aneurysm010309 opticsAneurysmBicuspid aortic valvemedicine.artery0103 physical sciencesAscending aortamedicineSegmentationAortabusiness.industryDeep learningSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria Industrialemedicine.disease020601 biomedical engineeringAneurysm Aorta Aortic valve Deep learningSegmentationmedicine.anatomical_structureOriginal ArticleRadiologyArtificial intelligencebusinessBiomedical engineering letters
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Constitutive modeling of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms using microstructural parameters.

2016

Ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) has been associated with diminished biomechanical strength and disruption in the collagen fiber microarchitecture. Additionally, the congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) leads to a distinct extracellular matrix structure that may be related to ATAA development at an earlier age than degenerative aneurysms arising in patients with the morphological normal tricuspid aortic valve (TAV). The purpose of this study was to model the fiber-reinforced mechanical response of ATAA specimens from patients with either BAV or TAV. This was achieved by combining image-analysis derived parameters of collagen fiber dispersion and alignment with tensile testing dat…

Aortic valvemedicine.medical_specialtyMaterials scienceBicuspid aortic valve0206 medical engineeringFinite Element AnalysisBiomedical EngineeringBiophysics02 engineering and technology030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyThoracic aortic aneurysmModels BiologicalArticleExtracellular matrixSettore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di Macchine03 medical and health sciencesAortic aneurysmFinite Element Analysi0302 clinical medicineBicuspid aortic valveFinite elementmedicine.arteryInternal medicineTensile StrengthAscending aortamedicineHumansAortaMechanical PhenomenaAortaAortic aneurysmAortic Aneurysm ThoracicSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeBiomechanical strengthExtracellular matrixAnatomymedicine.disease020601 biomedical engineeringBiomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structureBiophysicCardiologycardiovascular systemCollagenStress MechanicalAortic failureHumanMedical engineeringphysics
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To the research of treatments for the typical calcific disease of old aortic valve in the omics era: Is the miR-195 a therapeutic signature via targe…

2020

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most frequent form of val-vular pathology [1,2], with high percentages of mortality and morbidityin Western populations, so much to be a very public health problem [2].Diverse millions of subjects are affected by CAVD and the major numberare old individuals (65- older), even if some have a younger age and aregenerally affected by congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease[2,3]. CAVD in BAV individuals arises decades earlier respect to subjectswith the physiological tricuspid aortic valve [3]. Furthermore, it can leadto death if untreated with surgical aortic valve replacement or trans-catheter aortic valve implantation, its unique treatments […

Aortic valvemedicine.medical_specialtybicuspid aortic valvebusiness.industryp38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesDiseasemedicine.diseaseOmicsBicuspid aortic valvemedicine.anatomical_structuremiR-195Internal medicinemedicineCardiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusiness
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