Search results for "Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid"

Effect of cilomilast (Ariflo) on TNF-α, IL-8, and GM-CSF release by airway cells of patients with COPD

2003

Background: Inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by increased neutrophilic infiltration of the airways. Cilomilast, a novel selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor in clinical development for COPD treatment, exerts anti-inflammatory effects. The ability of cilomilast to inhibit the release of neutrophil chemoattractants such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by bronchial epithelial cells and sputum cells isolated from 10 patients with COPD, 14 normal controls, and 10 smokers was investigated. Methods: Bronchial epithelial cells obtained by bronchial brushing and sputum…

CCDC 264296: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

2005

Related Article: F.Fulop, M.Palko, E.Forro, M.Dervarics, T.A.Martinek, R.Sillanpaa|2005|Eur.J.Org.Chem.|2005|3214|doi:10.1002/ejoc.200500062

Antiepileptic Drugs for the Treatment of Chronic and Episodic Cluster Headache: A Review.

2007

Cluster headache needs to be rapidly diagnosed and effectively managed, as the individual headache attacks that are characteristic of this disorder are excruciatingly painful and debilitating. Preventive therapies are necessary to reduce the frequency of attacks during the cluster period. However, preventive therapy for this disorder is limited by a lack of controlled evidence of efficacy and the potential for systemic toxicity. Recent progress has been made in understanding both the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cluster headache and the mechanisms of action of the antiepileptic drug class for the treatment of primary headache syndromes. Newly available preliminary clinical trial…

Solvent-Enhanced Diastereo- and Regioselectivity in the PdII-Catalyzed Synthesis of Six- and Eight-Membered Heterocycles viacis-Aminopalladation

2009

The Pd(II)-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative cyclization of tosyl-protected cis- and trans-N-allyl-2-aminocyclohexanecarboxamides was examined, and efficient syntheses of cyclohexane-fused pyrimidin-4-ones and 1,5-diazocin-6-ones were developed. In the course of the research, a marked solvent effect was observed on both the regio- and diastereoselectivity. Additionally, a novel Pd(II)-mediated domino oxidation, oxidative amination reaction was discovered. Our experimental and theoretical findings suggest that the reactions proceed via a cis-aminopalladation mechanism.

Application of Furan as a Diene: Preparation of Condensed 1,3-Oxazines by Retro-Diels−Alder Reactions

2004

(Di-exo-3-amino-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)methanol (3) was treated with oxo carboxylic acids [p-toluoylpropionic acid, cis- or trans-(p-toluoyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, -benzoic acid or methanobenzocyclooctenecarboxylic acid] to furnish the oxanorbornene-fused pyrrolo[1,3]oxazine 4, the isoindolo[1,3]oxazines 5 and 6, and the methanobenzocyclooctenepyrrolo[1,3]oxazine 10, together with the retro-Diels−Alder products pyrrolooxazinone 7, oxazinoisoindolones 8 and 9, and oxazinopyrrolobenzocyclooctene 11. On reflux in chlorobenzene, furan was released from the oxanorbornene heterocycles 5 and 10 to give the retro-Diels−Alder products. The structures of the new compounds were establi…

Computer-Aided Rational Design of Catalytic Antibodies: The 1F7 Case.

2007

Facilitatory and inhibitory muscarine receptors on the rat phrenic nerve: effects of pirenzepine and dicyclomine

1988

Neuronal transmitter stores of the rat phrenic nerve were labelled by an incubation with [3H]choline. Release of [3H]acetylcholine was elicited either by a short (100 pulses, 5 Hz) or by a long (1500 pulses, 5 or 25 Hz) period of electrical nerve stimulation. Pirenzepine and dicyclomine enhanced transmitter release evoked by the short stimulation period. Both antagonists reduced transmitter release evoked by the long stimulation period. Pirenzepine reduced transmitter release at low concentrations (1 nmol/l) whereas a higher concentration was necessary for the enhancing effect; the opposite pattern was found for dicyclomine. A low concentration of oxotremorine (10 nmol/l) enhanced and a hig…