Search results for "Cytogenetic"

showing 10 items of 159 documents

Gene activity of polytene chromosomes in Drosophila species of the obscura group.

1988

The polytene chromosome puffing patterns of Drosophila guanche were established and compared with those of Drosophila subobscura. A total of 150 loci, active in some of the 17 developmental stages studied, were described and 23 of them were found to form the characteristic puffing pattern of D. guanche. Taking into account the number of puffs as well as the gene activity of each chromosome and the total gene activity, D. guanche seems to be less active than D. subobscura. Although both species show a degree of homology in their puffing patterns lower than that found for sibling species, the degree of homology is stronger than that between species belonging to the same group but to different…

Geneticsmedicine.medical_specialtyPolytene chromosomeHot TemperaturePolytene chromosome puffingCytogeneticsBiologybiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionDrosophila subobscuraHomology (biology)ChromosomesSalivary GlandsSpecies SpecificityDrosophilidaeLarvaGeneticsmedicineAnimalsDrosophilaGene activityDevelopmental biologyGenetics (clinical)Chromosoma
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Metilazione del DNA in artrite reumatoide

2005

Lo stato di metilazione del DNA genomico e del gene PTHrP è stato valutato con tecniche molecolari e citogenetiche in artrite reumatoide (AR), patologia autoimmune caratterizzata anche da alta incidenza di linfomi e da ipercalcemia per overespressione del gene PTHrP. La metilazione del DNA, infatti, ha un ruolo critico nello sviluppo delle malattie neoplastiche; il gene PTHrP avendo tre promotori uno dei quali contiene un’isola CpG è un buon candidato per la deregolazione da alterato pattern di metilazione locale. Le indagini sulla metilazione genomica, condotte su DNA estratto da sangue periferico di pazienti e di donatori e amplificato in reazioni di Methylation-Sensitive Arbitrarily Prim…

Settore BIO/18 - Geneticainstead chromosomes of controls were almost uniformly decorated by brilliant grains. Studies on methylation of PTHrP gene promoter 2 performed on five CpG island internal sites using the Methylation-Sensitive Restriction Endonuclease Multiplex (MSREM)-PCR showed that one of the sites nearest the trascription starting point is heavy methylated in a significantly high number of RA patients. Thus RA seems to be characterized by genomewide hypomethylation associated with local hypermethylation like the most part of tumors. This result raises the possibility that susceptibility to lymphomas is related to abnormal DNA methylation levels and suggests the opportunity to evaluate the DNA methylation status in RA patientin fact the demethylating therapies together with diet and life style can act towards an increase of tumor risk. Future studies using a larger number of subjects could confirm these findings.Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by high recurrence of lymphomas as well as hypercalcemia due to PTHrP overexpression. Because of DNA methylation plays a critical role in development of neoplasias we determined in RA patients the global DNA methylation status and local methylation pattern of the CpG island of one of the three promoters of PTHrP gene utilizing molecular and cytogenetic techniques. Investigations performed on DNA from peripheral blood of patients and donors amplified by Methylation-Sensitive Arbitrarily Primed (MeS-AP)-PCR indicated that RA is strongly associated with global DNA hypomethylation. Similarly chromosomal DNA methylation pattern analysis by indirect immunofluorescence technique with anti 5-methylcitosine antibody showed all peripheral lymphocyte metaphases from RA patients with chromosomes weakly fluorescent without discrete grain
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Chromosome analysis of Bothus podas (Pisces, Pleuronectiformes) from the Mediterranean Sea

1993

A modal diploid number 2n=38 has been determined in both sexes of the pleuronectiform Bothus podas from the Gulf of Palermo (Mediterranean). An XX-XY sex-determining mechanism presumably occurs in this species. Application of silver staining (NORs) along with G- and C-banding techniques showed that secondary constrictions occurring in a large metacentric pair were variable in length in different fish. Polymorphisms of these areas seem to have a genetic, rather than transcriptional, basis.

Mediterranean climatemedicine.medical_specialtyCytogeneticsZoologyKaryotypeAquatic ScienceBiologyMediterranean seaChromosome analysisBothus podasmedicinePloidyNucleolus organizer regionEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsJournal of Fish Biology
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Chromosomal abnormalities in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia

1992

We report the results of cytogenetic studies of direct bone marrow (BM) preparations and of short-term BM and peripheral blood (PB) cultures from 17 patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. We noted clonal chromosome changes in 10 patients. Abnormalities affected chromosomes X, Y, 2, 4, 5, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22; in particular, chromosomes 2, 4, and 5 were involved in structural changes: a homogeneously staining region [hsr(2)], a der(4)t(4;?)(q32;?), and a 5q+. The other chromosomes were involved in numerical abnormalities, such as pseudodiploidy (a 46,X,-X,+15 clone), loss of chromosome Y, and monosomy of chromosomes 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22. Nonclonal chromosome rearrange…

AdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyMonosomyClone (cell biology)Chromosome rearrangements Waldenström's macroglobulinemiaBiologyGeneticsmedicineHumanseducationMolecular BiologyHomogeneously Staining RegionAgedGeneticsAged 80 and overChromosome Aberrationseducation.field_of_studyCytogeneticsMacroglobulinemiaWaldenstrom macroglobulinemiaChromosomeKaryotypeMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMolecular biologySettore BIO/18 - GeneticaChromosomes Human Pair 2FemaleWaldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
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Involvement of the long arm of chromosome 9 in medulloblastoma in an adult.

1997

Abstract Medulloblastoma is the most common primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) in children, but is very rare in adults. An isochromosome for the long arms of 17, i(17q), is found in about 30% of pediatric cases. Cytogenetic studies in adults are very scarce; only six cases have been described cytogenetically: three cases had normal karyotype, two were studied partially, and another presented only two clonal structural anomalies: del(9)(q12) and del(11)(q22). We studied the chromosomes from medulloblastoma in a 27-year-old woman and found one hypotetraploid stemline with clonal alterations. In the structural anomalies, chromosomes 3, 9, 12, and i(17q) were involved. Chromosome 9 presente…

MedulloblastomaAdultCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyAdult MedulloblastomaIsochromosomeCytogeneticsChromosome 9KaryotypeAnatomyBiologymedicine.diseasePrimitive neuroectodermal tumorKaryotypingGeneticsmedicineHumansHistopathologyFemaleChromosome DeletionCerebellar NeoplasmsChromosomes Human Pair 9Molecular BiologyMedulloblastomaCancer genetics and cytogenetics
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Second report on chicken genes and chromosomes 2005.

2005

International audience

medicine.medical_specialtyChickens/genetics[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Single-nucleotide polymorphismAnimal Breeding and Genomicsin-situ hybridizationMajor histocompatibility complexChromosomes5S ribosomal RNAMolecular geneticssingle-nucleotide polymorphismsMHC class IGeneticsmedicineAnimalsmhc class-itranslation initiation factor-4aFokkerij en GenomicaCYTOGENETIC MAPSMolecular BiologyGeneexpressed sequence tagsGenetics (clinical)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSnucleolar-size polymorphismsGeneticsExpressed sequence tagCHICKENSModels GeneticbiologyChromosomes/geneticsdt40 cell-linetelomerase rna genemajor histocompatibility complexHuman genetics[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]GENETIC MAPS5s ribosomal-rnaWIASbiology.protein
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Karyological studies in Coris julis (Pisces, Labridae).

1988

In the present investigation the diploid number 2n = 48 (NF = 58) has been determined for females, primary males, and secondary males of Coris julis from the Gulf of Palermo. Differentiated sex chromosomes have not been observed in the population under study.

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyeducation.field_of_studySex ChromosomesbiologyCorisPopulationCytogeneticsFishesZoologyKaryotypePlant ScienceGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationDiploidyInsect ScienceKaryotypingGeneticsmedicineAnimalsAnimal Science and ZoologyFemalePloidyeducationMetaphaseGenetica
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PHYLOGENOMIC OF PROSIMIANS: A CLADISTIC APPROACH

2009

PROSIMIANS CLADISTIC ANALYSIS COMPARATIVE GENOMICS CYTOGENETICSSettore BIO/08 - Antropologia
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Distinct Xp11.2 breakpoints in two renal cell carcinomas exhibiting X;autosome translocations

1995

Several human renal cell carcinomas with X;autosome translocations have been reported in recent years. The t(X; I)(p11.2;q21) appears to be a specific primary anomaly, suggesting that tumors with this translocation form a distinct subgroup of RCC. Here we report two new cases, one with a t(X;10)(p11.2;q23), the other with a t(X;1)(p11.2;p34). The common breakpoint in Xp11.2 suggests that they belong to the above-mentioned subset of RCC. Using FISH in conjunction with X-specific YAC clones, we demonstrate that the two new cases exhibited distinct breakpoints within Xp11.2. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

MaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtycongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesX ChromosomeChromosomal translocationBiologyTranslocation GeneticCLASSIFICATIONCHILDGeneticsmedicineCarcinomaHumansDe rol van chromosoomafwijkingen en (anti-)oncogenen in humane tumorenCarcinoma Renal CellGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)In Situ Hybridization FluorescenceX chromosomeAgedGeneticsAutosomeBreakpointCytogeneticsKaryotypeADENOCARCINOMAMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyTUMORSCYTOGENETICSKidney NeoplasmsChromosome BandingAdenocarcinomaThe role of chromosomal aberrations and (anti-)oncogenes in human tumoursGenes, chromosomes & cancer
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The prognosis for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who have clonal cytogenetic abnormalities in philadelphia chromosome-negative cells.

2007

BACKGROUND. Clonal cytogenetic abnormalities (CCA) were detected in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative cells in some patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who attained a cytogenetic response to imatinib mesylate. In some patients, CCA/Ph-negative status was associated with myelodysplasia or acute myeloid leukemia. The objective of the current study was to determine the prognostic impact of CCA/Ph-negative cells. METHODS. The authors compared the pretherapeutic risk factors (Kruskall-Wallis test), exposure to cytotoxic drugs (chi-square test), and overall and progression-free survival (Kaplan-Meyer and logistic regression analysis, respectively) of 515 patients with mostly chronic-…

OncologyMaleCancer ResearchMyeloidKaplan-Meier EstimatePiperazineshemic and lymphatic diseasesTreatment FailureAged 80 and overMyeloid leukemiaMiddle AgedPrognosisLeukemiamedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeOncologyBenzamidesCytogenetic AnalysisImatinib MesylateFemalemedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyNeutropeniaAntineoplastic AgentsPhiladelphia chromosomeDisease-Free SurvivalLeukemia Myeloid Chronic Atypical BCR-ABL Negativechronic myeloid leukemiaInternal medicineparasitic diseasesmedicineHumansAgedChromosome AberrationsChi-Square Distributionbusiness.industryMyelodysplastic syndromesCancerInterferon-alphaImatinibmedicine.diseaseThrombocytopeniaImatinib mesylateLogistic ModelsPyrimidinesMyelodysplastic SyndromesChronic DiseaseCancer researchbusinessFollow-Up StudiesCancer
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