Search results for "Cytokines"

Treadmill Training Effect on the Myokines Content in Skeletal Muscles of Mice With a Metabolic Disorder Model

2021

The effect of treadmill training loads on the content of cytokines in mice skeletal muscles with metabolic disorders induced by a 16 week high fat diet (HFD) was studied. The study included accounting the age and biorhythmological aspects. In the experiment, mice were used at the age of 4 and 32 weeks, by the end of the experiment—respectively 20 and 48 weeks. HFD feeding lasted 16 weeks. Treadmill training were carried out for last 4 weeks six times a week, the duration 60 min and the speed from 15 to 18 m/min. Three modes of loading were applied. The first subgroup was subjected to stress in the morning hours (light phase); the second subgroup was subjected to stress in the evening hours …

Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell division cycle defective in cytokinesis. Biosynthesis of the cell wall and morphology

1982

The four temperature-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the cell division cycle defective in cytokinesis (cdc, 3, 10, 11 and 12), have been analyzed with respect to the biosynthesis of the cell wall polymers. After 3 hours of incubation at the non-permissive temperature (37 degrees C) these strains stop growing. The synthesis of glucan, mannan and chitin (wall polymers) level off in a similar time, but glucan, mannan and chitin synthases remained active for at least 4 hours. If the mutants are analyzed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy different pictures emerge. Two of the mutants cdc 10 and cdc 12, after 3 hours of incubation at 37 degrees C present apparently …

Analysis of the global CD8 T cell response during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

2013

Human endothelial cells express proteinase 3, the target antigen of anticytoplasmic antibodies in Wegener's granulomatosis

1993

Abstract Autoantibodies directed against cytoplasmic antigens of neutrophils (ANCA), especially proteinase 3 (PR-3), have proved to be a useful clinical tool confirming the diagnosis or monitoring disease activity of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Although several concepts concerning the pathophysiologic potentials of ANCA have been discussed, only sparse data about ANCA-endothelium interactions have been available. In this study, we have investigated the expression of PR-3 in cytokine- treated human endothelial cells using purified anti-PR-3 antibodies of patients with WG, murine and human monoclonal anti-PR-3 antibodies as probes. We were able to show that tumor necrosis factor-alpha, int…

Myeloid dendritic cell: From sentinel of immunity to key player of peripheral tolerance?

2009

Myeloid dendritic cells (DC) are "sentinels" of immunity, ideally positioned throughout the body gateways and equipped with unique properties to transport antigens from the periphery to lymphoid tissues. They are professional antigen-presenting cells transmitting incoming infectious signals to T cells, the key players of adaptive immunity. For induction of effective antigen-specific T-cell immunity, crosstalk of DC and naive T cells is mandatory. However, besides this essential immunostimulatory function of DC, consolidated findings from the DC research field in the last 10 years have shown that DC have an additional important function. They act as pivotal players in the peripheral toleranc…

Increased immunosuppressive function of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)GITR+ T regulatory cells from NFATc2((-/-)) mice controls allergen-induced experimental …

2012

The expansion of effector T cells is tightly controlled by transcription factors like nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family members that mediate early intracellular responses to T cell receptor-mediated signals. In this study we show that, after allergen challenge, NFATc2((-/-)) mice had augmented number of functionally intact CD4(+)CD25(++)GITR(++) T regulatory (T regs) cells in the lung. Anti-GITR antibody treatment inhibited T regulatory cell function and enhanced the number of activated lung CD4(+) T cells associated with increased IL-2 and pSTAT-5 in the airways of NFATc2((-/-)) mice in experimental allergic asthma. This agonistic treatment led to increased inflammation in …

IL-10 Controls Ultraviolet-Induced Carcinogenesis in Mice

2007

Abstract UV radiation-induced immunosuppression contributes significantly to the development of UV-induced skin cancer by inhibiting protective immune responses. IL-10 has been shown to be a key mediator of UV-induced immunosuppression. To investigate the role of IL-10 during photocarcinogenesis, groups of IL-10+/+, IL-10+/−, and IL-10−/− mice were chronically irradiated with UV. IL-10+/+ and IL-10+/− mice developed skin cancer to similar extents, whereas IL-10−/− mice were protected against the induction of skin malignancies by UV. Because UV is able to induce regulatory T cells, which play a role in the suppression of protective immunity, UV-induced regulatory T cell function was analyzed…

Association between biomarkers of inflammation and left ventricular hypertrophy in moderate chronic kidney disease.

2007

Aims: Left ventricular hyper- trophy (LVH) is a predictor for cardiovascu- lar mortality, and it is considered to be a surro- gate marker of preclinical cardiovascular dis- ease. This study aimed at evaluating whether fetuin-A plasma levels are decreased in pa- tients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their linkage to plasma concentra- tions of hs-C-reactive protein (CRP), cardio- trophyn-1 (CT-1), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), propeptide of collagen Type I (PIP) and to LVH. Material and methods: We enrolled 64 moderate CKD and 55 essential hypertensives (EH) with normal renal func- tion as controls. All the patients underwent an echocardiographic examination; plasma sam- ples…

Pharmacology of Ischemia-Reperfusion. Translational Research Considerations.

2016

Ischemia-reperfusion (IRI) is a complex physiopathological mechanism involving a large number of metabolic processes that can eventually lead to cell apoptosis and ultimately tissue necrosis. Treatment approaches intended to reduce or palliate the effects of IRI are varied, and are aimed basically at: inhibiting cell apoptosis and the complement system in the inflammatory process deriving from IRI, modulating calcium levels, maintaining mitochondrial membrane integrity, reducing the oxidative effects of IRI and levels of inflammatory cytokines, or minimizing the action of macrophages, neutrophils, and other cell types. This study involved an extensive, up-to-date review of the bibliography …

Sorafenib, but not sunitinib, affects function of dendritic cells and induction of primary immune responses

2008

AbstractThe tyrosine kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib are approved for the treatment of patients with malignant diseases. To analyze the possible use of these compounds in combination with immunotherapeutic approaches, we analyzed the effects of both inhibitors on the immunostimulatory capacity of human dendritic cells (DCs) and the induction of primary immune responses in vivo. Sorafenib, but not sunitinib, inhibits function of DCs, characterized by reduced secretion of cytokines and expression of CD1a, major histocompatibility complex, and costimulatory molecules in response to TLR ligands as well as by their impaired ability to migrate and stimulate T-cell responses. These inhib…