Search results for "Cytoplasm"
showing 10 items of 659 documents
Experimental change of cytoplasmic composition can convert determination of blastomeres inPlatynereis dumerilii (Annelida, Polychaeta)
1991
Early development ofPlatynereis dumerilii is characterized by an extremely constant cleavage pattern in which the volumes and cytoplasmic contents of the blastomeres show remarkably little variability (Dorresteijn 1990). In order to test the necessity of a precise partitioning of the cytoplasm, we have stratified the ooplasm by mild centrifugation (10 min at 300 g) after completion of meiosis but before first cleavage. The cytoplasm of the zygote stratifies randomly with respect to the pre-existing animal-vegetal axis, but first cleavage follows the animal-vegetal axis dividing the plasm before it has rearranged to its normal distribution. As usual, first cleavage is unequal in the majority…
Genetic variation in the primary sex ratio in populations of the intertidal copepod, Tigriopus californicus, is widespread on Vancouver Island.
2011
Hypothesis: Genetic variation for the primary sex ratio is widespread in a copepodwith polygenic sex determination. Cytoplasmic sex ratio distorters (e.g. Wolbachia andmicrosporidians) influence the primary sex ratio in this copepod. Organism: The intertidal copepod, Tigriopus californicus; six populations from VancouverIsland, British Columbia. Study site: Quantitative genetics experiment in the laboratory. PCR and antibioticsexperiment to test for the presence of cytoplasmic sex ratio distorters. Results: Genetic variation for the primary sex ratio was found in five of the six populationssurveyed. The primary sex ratio was paternally transmitted. There was no evidence thatWolbachia or mic…
Characterization of variations responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders in the PTBP1 and PTBP2 genes
2022
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 and 2 (PTBP1 and PTBP2) are splicing regulators, shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm thanks to the action of partially overlapping nuclear localization and export signals (NLS and NES respectively). These two paralog proteins share similar RNA binding properties although they exhibit different expression levels and kinetics, post-translational modifications and cofactor interactions across tissues and cell types, thus regulating RNA metabolism in a cell- specific manner. Despite their fundamental role as alternative splicing factors implicated in cell growth, neuronal cell differentiation, and immun…
New molecular aspects of regulation of mitochondrial activity by fenofibrate and fasting
2000
Abstract Fenofibrate and fasting are known to regulate several genes involved in lipid metabolism in a similar way. In this study measuring several mitochondrial enzyme activities, we demonstrate that, in contrast to citrate synthase and complex II, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is a specific target of these two treatments. In mouse liver organelles, Western blot experiments indicated that mitochondrial levels of p43, a mitochondrial T3 receptor, and mitochondrial peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (mt-PPAR), previously described as a dimeric partner of p43 in the organelle, are increased by both fenofibrate and fasting. In addition, in PPARα-deficient mice, this influence was abolishe…
Cytoplasmic Parvovirus Capsids Recruit Importin Beta for Nuclear Delivery
2019
Parvoviruses are an important platform for gene and cancer therapy. Their cell entry and the following steps, including nuclear import, are inefficient, limiting their use in therapeutic applications. Two models exist on parvoviral nuclear entry: the classical import of the viral capsid using nuclear transport receptors of the importin (karyopherin) family or the direct attachment of the capsid to the nuclear pore complex leading to the local disintegration of the nuclear envelope. Here, by laser scanning confocal microscopy and in situ proximity ligation analyses combined with coimmunoprecipitation, we show that infection requires importin β-mediated access to the nuclear pore complex and …
A Deletion of the Nuclear Localization Signal Domain in the Fus Protein Induces Stable Post-stress Cytoplasmic Inclusions in SH-SY5Y Cells
2021
Mutations in Fused-in-Sarcoma (FUS) gene involving the nuclear localization signal (NLS) domain lead to juvenile-onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). The mutant protein mislocalizes to the cytoplasm, incorporating it into Stress Granules (SG). Whether SGs are the first step to the formation of stable FUS-containing aggregates is still unclear. In this work, we used acute and chronic stress paradigms to study the SG dynamics in a human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line carrying a deletion of the NLS domain of the FUS protein (homozygous: ΔNLS–/–; heterozygous: ΔNLS+/–). Wild-type (WT) cells served as controls. We evaluated the subcellular localization of the mutant protein through immuno…
Evolution des conceptions de l'organisation de l'ADN mitochondrial par des études de la stérilité mâle cytoplasmique des plantes
1985
Notice présente dans BelInra (https://belinra.inra.fr/gestion/catalog.php?categ=isbd&id=83504); il s'agit d'un type de produit dont les métadonnées ne correspondent pas aux métadonnées attendues dans les autres types de produit : DISSERTATION; Evolution des conceptions de l'organisation de l'ADN mitochondrial par des études de la stérilité mâle cytoplasmique des plantes
La stérilité male cytoplasmique du tournesol (Helianthus annuus L.) : caractérisation des ADN chloroplastiques
1984
Notice présente dans BelInra (https://belinra.inra.fr/gestion/catalog.php?categ=isbd&id=83503); il s'agit d'un type de produit dont les métadonnées ne correspondent pas aux métadonnées attendues dans les autres types de produit : DISSERTATION; La stérilité male cytoplasmique du tournesol (Helianthus annuus L.) : caractérisation des ADN chloroplastiques
A study on the effect of the inhibition of polyadenylylation on the production of giant cytoplasmic RNA in sea urchin embryos.
1975
It is suggested that inhibition of RNA polyadenylylation in sea urchin mesenchyme blastulae causes a disturbance of the transport of all the size classes of newly synthesized RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
Patogeneza zapaleń naczyń związanych z przeciwciałami przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów
2018
Zapalenia naczyń związane z przeciwciałami przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis – AAV) to grupa chorób zajmujących małe naczynia i charakteryzujących się ich martwiczym zapaleniem oraz obecnością przeciwciał przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies – ANCA) przy braku lub obecności jedynie skąpej ilości immunoglobulin w ścianie naczyń. Przeciwciała przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów to przeciwciała klasy G skierowane przeciwko składnikom ziarnistości granulocytów obojętnochłonnych. Dowody na udział ANCA w patogenezie AAV pochodzą zarówno z obserwacji klinicznych, badań in vitro, jak i badań na zwierzętac…