Search results for "DAMAGE"

showing 10 items of 1289 documents

Development of a Model to Estimate the Risk of Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Forest Fires

2022

27 Pág.

Forest firesForestryHome Influència del climaBuilding and ConstructionEnvironmental Science (miscellaneous)Carbon stocksEcologia forestalDamageEmission vulnerabilityGreenhouse gas emissionsEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)Safety Risk Reliability and QualitySafety ResearchEmission risk modelCanvis climàticsHazard
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Il danno alla persona

2022

Il saggio analizza il decisivo contributo di Renato Scognamiglio all'evoluzione del danno alla persona nell'ordinamento giuridico italiano. Dopo aver ripercorso gli studi dedicati da Scognamiglio al tema, il saggio verifica l'impatto di tali studi sulla della riflessione scientifica sul danno non patrimoniale e sugli orientamenti della giurisprudenza. L'autore propone una razionalizzazione e l'integrazione delle conclusioni oggi prevalenti al fine di ridurre, per quanto possibile, le oscillazioni interpretative e l'incertezza applicativa. The essay analyzes the decisive contribution of Renato Scognamiglio to the evolution of damage to the person in the Italian legal system. After having ret…

Fundamental RightRenato Scognamiglio Damage to the Person in Tort LawSettore IUS/01 - Diritto PrivatoDamage to Health non-pecuniary DamageMoral Damage
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Isolation, purification, LC–MS/MS characterization and reactive oxygen species induced by fumonisin B1 in VERO cells

2010

Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides that commonly contaminate maize and maize products. The present work shows the results of a comparative study of three different fermentation's techniques (solid and liquid medium of corn and a solid agarized medium) for the production of fumonisins B-1, B-2 and B-3 with strains of F. verticillioides. The solid medium of corn was the most effective in the production of fumonisins, being Fumonisin B-1 the one produced with higher concentration, so the extract obtained by solid fermentation process was used for FB1 purification. Fumonisins characterization and quantification were performed with reversed-phase high-performance liqu…

FusariumEXTRACTIONVERTICILLIOIDESCULTURESToxicologyFumonisinsMECHANISMSchemistry.chemical_compoundFUSARIUM-MONILIFORMEFusariumTandem Mass SpectrometryLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryDichlorofluoresceinChlorocebus aethiopsFumonisinAnimalsOXIDATIVE STRESSMycotoxinVero CellsChromatography High Pressure LiquidPROLIFERATUMFumonisin B1ChromatographyMYCOTOXINSbiologyfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineReference StandardsFluoresceinsbiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaDNA-DAMAGEchemistryFermentationVero cellFermentationOCHRATOXINReactive Oxygen SpeciesFood ScienceFood and Chemical Toxicology
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Modeling the influence of DNA lesion on the regulation of gene expression

2022

Nucleic acids are organic macromolecules that result from the polymerization of nucleotides. These molecules are generally considered as the support of the genetic information. Two families of nucleic acids are currently known: DNA and RNA. From a structural point of view, the most popular form is the double helix of DNA. However, other forms exist and among them are the G-quadruplex. This is a folding of the DNA, or RNA, in an area rich in guanines. These form quadruplex of guanines, which are stacked on top of each other and are stabilized by a central cation. G-quadruplex structures are increasingly studied. This is not surprising since their biological role involves the regulation of ge…

G-quadruplex Interaction DNA-protein Damaged DNA Molecular dynamic
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Escherichia coli cytolethal distending toxin blocks the HeLa cell cycle at the G2/M transition by preventing cdc2 protein kinase dephosphorylation an…

1997

Cytolethal distending toxins (CDT) constitute an emerging heterogeneous family of bacterial toxins whose common biological property is to inhibit the proliferation of cells in culture by blocking their cycle at G2/M phase. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the block caused by CDT from Escherichia coli on synchronized HeLa cell cultures. To this end, we studied specifically the behavior of the two subunits of the complex that determines entry into mitosis, i.e., cyclin B1, the regulatory unit, and cdc2 protein kinase, the catalytic unit. We thus demonstrate that CDT causes cell accumulation in G2 and not in M, that it does not slow the progression of cells th…

G2 PhaseCytolethal distending toxinBacterial toxins[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]ImmunologyBacterial ToxinsMitosisBiologyMicrobiologyCDTCDC2 Protein KinaseEscherichia coliHumansKinase activityPhosphorylationMitosisCyclin-dependent kinase 1Cell growthCell CycleCell cycleG2-M DNA damage checkpointFlow CytometryMicrobiologie et ParasitologieCell biology[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]Enzyme ActivationInfectious DiseasesCytolethal distending toxinsParasitologyCDC2 Protein KinaseHeLa CellsResearch Article
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Beauvericin-induced cytotoxicity via ROS production and mitochondrial damage in Caco-2 cells.

2013

The cytotoxicity of beauvericin (BEA) on human colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells was studied as a function of time. Moreover, the oxidative damage and cell death endpoints were monitored after 24, 48 and 72 h. After BEA exposure, the IC₅₀ values ranged from 1.9 ± 0.7 to 20.6 ± 6.9 μM. A decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH; 31%) levels, as well as an increase in oxidized glutathione (GSSG, 20%) was observed. In the presence of BEA, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was highly increased at an early stage with the highest production of 2.0-fold higher than the control that was observed at 120 min. BEA induced cell death by mitochondria-dependent apoptotic process with loss of the mitochon…

G2 PhaseProgrammed cell deathDNA damageCell SurvivalApoptosisBiologyToxicologymedicine.disease_causechemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50NecrosisDepsipeptidesmedicineHumansIntestinal Mucosachemistry.chemical_classificationMembrane Potential MitochondrialReactive oxygen speciesIonophoresCell growthGeneral MedicineGlutathioneMycotoxinsMolecular biologyGlutathioneBeauvericinCell biologyMitochondriaKineticsOxidative StresschemistryApoptosisLipid PeroxidationCaco-2 CellsReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidation-ReductionOxidative stressDNA DamageToxicology letters
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Curcumin and trans-resveratrol exert cell cycle-dependent radioprotective or radiosensitizing effects as elucidated by the PCC and G2-assay

2013

Curcumin and trans-resveratrol are well-known antioxidant polyphenols with radiomodulatory properties, radioprotecting non-cancerous cells while radiosensitizing tumor cells. This dual action may be the result of their radical scavenging properties and their effects on cell-cycle checkpoints that are activated in response to radiation-induced chromosomal damage. It could be also caused by their effect on regulatory pathways with impact on detoxification enzymes, the up-regulation of endogenous protective systems, and cell-cycle-dependent processes of DNA damage. This work aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the dual action of these polyphenols and investigates under which conditions…

G2 PhaseRadiation-Sensitizing AgentsRadiosensitizerCurcuminAntioxidantDNA damageHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesismedicine.medical_treatmentRadioprotectorCellRadiation-Protective AgentsCHO CellsBiologyRadiation ToleranceCell Fusionchemistry.chemical_compoundCricetulusCricetinaeStilbenesGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansRadiosensitivityMolecular BiologyCells CulturedMutagenicity TestsCell CycleCell cycleChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyRadiosensitizermedicine.anatomical_structureG2-assayBiochemistrychemistryResveratrolPeripheral blood lymphocyteCancer researchCurcumintrans-ResveratrolPremature chromosome condensationMutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
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Refuting the challenges of the developmental shift of polarity of GABA actions: GABA more exciting than ever!

2012

International audience; During brain development, there is a progressive reduction of intracellular chloride associated with a shift in GABA polarity: GABA depolarizes and occasionally excites immature neurons, subsequently hyperpolarizing them at later stages of development. This sequence, which has been observed in a wide range of animal species, brain structures and preparations, is thought to play an important role in activity-dependent formation and modulation of functional circuits. This sequence has also been considerably reinforced recently with new data pointing to an evolutionary preserved rule. In a recent ``Hypothesis and Theory Article,'' the excitatory action of GABA in early …

GABA; giant depolarizing potentials; energy substrates; brain slices; chloride homeostasis; developmentBrain developmentchloride homeostasisPolarity (physics)energy substratesBiologylcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceGABA0302 clinical medicineGiant depolarizing potentialsNeuronal damageAnimal speciesDevelopmental neurobiologybooklcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatrydevelopment030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbrain slicesHypothesis and Theory Articledevelopment.Excitatory postsynaptic potentialbook.journal[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]giant depolarizing potentialsNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience
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GADD45a physically and functionally interacts with TET1

2015

AbstractDNA demethylation plays a central role during development and in adult physiology. Different mechanisms of active DNA demethylation have been established. For example, Growth Arrest and DNA Damage 45-(GADD45) and Ten-Eleven-Translocation (TET) proteins act in active DNA demethylation but their functional relationship is unresolved. Here we show that GADD45a physically interacts – and functionally cooperates with TET1 in methylcytosine (mC) processing. In reporter demethylation GADD45a requires endogenous TET1 and conversely TET1 requires GADD45a. On GADD45a target genes TET1 hyperinduces 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) in the presence of GADD45a, while 5-formyl-(fC) and 5-carboxylcyto…

Gadd45Cancer ResearchDNA damageCell Cycle ProteinsBiologyDNA-binding proteinArticleMixed Function OxygenaseshmCchemistry.chemical_compoundCytosineLC–MS/MSProto-Oncogene ProteinsHumansImmunoprecipitationMolecular BiologyDemethylationGadd45Nuclear ProteinsOxidative DNA demethylationCell BiologyDNA MethylationDNA-Binding Proteins5-MethylcytosineDNA demethylationHEK293 CellschemistryBiochemistryGene Knockdown TechniquesDNA methylationDNA demethylation5-MethylcytosineOxidation-ReductionTETProtein BindingDevelopmental BiologyDifferentiation
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Galectin-3 Impairment of MYCN-Dependent Apoptosis-Sensitive Phenotype Is Antagonized by Nutlin-3 in Neuroblastoma Cells

2012

MYCN amplification occurs in about 20-25% of human neuroblastomas and characterizes the majority of the high-risk cases, which display less than 50% prolonged survival rate despite intense multimodal treatment. Somehow paradoxically, MYCN also sensitizes neuroblastoma cells to apoptosis, understanding the molecular mechanisms of which might be relevant for the therapy of MYCN amplified neuroblastoma. We recently reported that the apoptosis-sensitive phenotype induced by MYCN is linked to stabilization of p53 and its proapoptotic kinase HIPK2. In MYCN primed neuroblastoma cells, further activation of both HIPK2 and p53 by Nutlin-3 leads to massive apoptosis in vitro and to tumor shrinkage an…

Galectin 3Cancer TreatmentGene Dosagelcsh:MedicineApoptosisProtein-Serine-Threonine KinaseBiochemistryPiperazineschemistry.chemical_compoundNeuroblastoma0302 clinical medicineMolecular Cell BiologyBasic Cancer ResearchSignaling in Cellular Processeslcsh:ScienceEnergy-Producing OrganellesApoptotic SignalingNuclear ProteinOncogene Proteins0303 health sciencesN-Myc Proto-Oncogene ProteinMultidisciplinaryCell DeathImidazolesOncogene ProteinNuclear ProteinsTransfectionNutlin3. Good healthGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticProtein TransportCell killingPhenotypeOncologyGalectin-3030220 oncology & carcinogenesisGene Knockdown TechniquesMedicineResearch ArticleSignal TransductionHumanBiologyBioenergeticsProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesN-Myc Proto-Oncogene ProteinModels Biological03 medical and health sciencesNeuroblastomaCell Line TumormedicineHumansBiologyImidazolePiperazineneoplasms030304 developmental biologylcsh:RGene AmplificationChemotherapy and Drug Treatmentmedicine.diseasechemistryCell cultureApoptosisPediatric OncologyCytoprotectionGene Knockdown TechniqueCancer researchlcsh:QTumor Suppressor Protein p53Carrier ProteinsCarrier ProteinDNA Damage
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