Search results for "DIAGENESI"
showing 10 items of 130 documents
In-situ reflectance spectroscopy - analysing techniques for high-resolution pigment logging in sediment cores
2003
The temporal resolution of marine proxy data is limited by analytically required sample size. We present in-situ reflectance spectroscopy techniques (usually applied in remote sensing) to analyse the organic fraction of marine and terrestrial sediment. From absorption band depths, photosynthesis pigment variations are derived for sediments from the upwelling region off Peru, where productivity is related to the annual variability of El Nino strength. Quantitative estimations of diagenetic photosynthesis pigments derived from absorption band analysis in reflectance spectra are highly correlated to organic carbon content. The ratio of pigment fractions is related to chlorine concentration and…
Dolomitization as an eventualdetermining factor in the colour alteration index (CAI)
1993
Abstract The Colour Alteration Index of conodonts (CAI) is indicative of the degree of alteration of organic material that exists in the interior of the conodonts. This CAI is used ordinarily in the determination of paleotemperatures. More frequent findings of abnormally high CAI values, equivalent to paleotemperatures that are not compatible with temperatures obtained by other more trustworthy methods, has taken us to use values not superior to 6 for the establishment of paleotemperatures. The CAI values measured in specimens proceding from dolostones in the Iberian Range (Spain) show in this way a certain degree of incompatibility with geological data. These anomalous values are the conse…
Ba/Ca evolution in water masses of the Mediterranean late Neogene
2008
[1] A Mediterranean composite sedimentary record was analyzed for Ba/Ca ratios on carbonate shells of Orbulina universa planktonic foraminifer (Ba/Ca)carb providing the opportunity to study and assess the extent of freshwater inputs on the basin and possible impacts on its dynamics during the Tortonian to Recent period. A number of scanning electron microscope analyses and auxiliary trace element measurements (Mn, Sr, and Mg), obtained from the same samples, exclude important diagenetic effects on the studied biogenic carbonates and corroborate the reliability of (Ba/Ca)carb ratios in foraminifera calcite as indicators of seawater source components during the studied interval. A long-term t…
Modelling biogeochemical processes in sediments from the north-western Adriatic Sea: response to enhanced particulate organic carbon fluxes
2018
This work presents the result of a study carried out in the north-western Adriatic Sea, by combining two different types of biogeochemical models with field sampling efforts. A longline mussel farm was taken as a local source of perturbation to the natural particulate organic carbon (POC) downward flux. This flux was first quantified by means of a pelagic model of POC deposition coupled to sediment trap data, and its effects on sediment bioirrigation capacity and organic matter (OM) degradation pathways were investigated constraining an early diagenesis model by using original data collected in sediment porewater. The measurements were performed at stations located inside and outside the ar…
Zinc isotopes in Late Pleistocene fossil teeth from a Southeast Asian cave setting preserve paleodietary information
2020
Significance Dietary habits, especially meat consumption, represent a key aspect in the behavior and evolution of fossil hominin species. Here, we explore zinc (Zn) isotope ratios in tooth enamel of fossil mammals. We show discrimination between different trophic levels and demonstrate that Zn isotopes could prove useful in paleodietary studies of fossil hominin, or other mammalian species, to assess their consumption of animal versus plant resources. We also demonstrate the high preservation potential of pristine diet-related Zn isotope ratios, even under tropical conditions with poor collagen preservation, such as the studied depositional context in Southeast Asia. However, assessing the …
Unraveling the origin of the Late Triassic multitaxic bone accumulation at Krasiejów (S Poland) by diagenetic analysis
2012
Abstract A study of aquatic and terrestrial vertebrate remains from a bonebed in the Late Triassic continental succession near Krasiejow (S Poland) shows it was deposited by a single catastrophic event, perhaps a flood. Hardparts of Metoposaurus, Paleorhinus, and Stagonolepis show sedimentary infill and geochemical evidence for early diagenesis at different times and in different microenvironments. The infills in the aquatic animal bones (sediment, pyrite and calcite) show deposition in a freshwater environment, while those in the terrestrial Stagonolepis remains (mainly barite) point to an arid terrestial environment. The trace element content of the remains, together with the absence of a…
Sedimentological and diagenetic influences on low permeability properties of the Middle Jurassic limestones (Paris Basin, France)
2009
A detailed sedimentological, geochemical and mineralogical study is carried out on the Early Bajocian to Early Callovian (Middle Jurassic) limestones of the Paris Basin. Deposits include 18 lithofacies which are stacked into 10 third-order depositional sequences. Our geochemical study including a compilation of bibliographic data allows us to refine the existing sea surface palaeotemperature pattern. A cooling from the latest Early Bajocian to the Late Bajocian and a subsequent warming from the earliest Callovian to the Early/Middle Callovian transition are described using a proxy of sea surface temperatures. Together with δ13C and mineralogical data, our new δ18O values suggest a palaeo-cl…
Biogeochemical Cycle of Silica in an Apolyhaline Interdunal Holocene Lake (Chad, N'Guigmi Region, Niger)
1999
During the Holocene, the apolyhaline conditions in interdunal ephemeral lakes in the Lake Chad region led to various diagenetic processes, which resulted in: (a) clay authigenesis, (b) organic matter lithification (plants and cyanobacterial mats), (c) precipitation of sodium silicate (magadiite, kenyaite, zeolite), and (d) chert neoformation. Each step in this diagenetic process involves silica, which can be highly mobile under such conditions. Therefore, the paleoenvironmental variations can be investigated using the Si cycle.http://link.springer. de/link/service/journals/00114/bibs/9086010/90860475.htm</HEA
Microbial origin for pedogenic micrite associated with a carbonate paleosol (Champagne, France)
1999
Abstract Micro-rods have been observed in indurated carbonate horizons (30 cm thick) that overlie a periglacial chalk formation, in contact with the present-day soil (Champagne, France). They are numerous in the upper part of the hardened layers. Variations in micro-rod morphologies are related to progressive biomineralization of organic matter, transforming purely organic rods into calcite. Mineralized rods undergo diagenesis and their arrangement evolves from a random mesh fabric to recrystallized micritic platelets to microsparite. Two types of organic micro-rods have been observed: bacilliform and thread-like bacteria. Mineralogically, micro-rods are low-magnesian calcite. Crystallograp…
Properties and structure of raised bog peat humic acids
2013
Abstract Humic substances form most of the organic components of soil, peat and natural waters, and their structure and properties differ very much depending on their source. The aims of this study are to characterize humic acids (HAs) from raised bog peat, to evaluate the homogeneity of peat HAs within peat profiles, and to study peat humification impact on properties of HAs. A major impact on the structure of peat HAs have lignin-free raised bog biota (dominantly represented by bryophytes of different origin). On diagenesis scale, peat HAs have an intermediate position between the living organic matter and coal organic matter, and their structure is formed in a process in which more labil…