Search results for "DILI"

2018

Allometric relationships linking species characteristics to body size or mass (scaling) are important in biology. However, studies on the scaling of life history traits in the reptiles (the nonavian Reptilia) are rather scarce, especially for the clades Crocodilia, Testudines, and Rhynchocephalia (single extant species, the tuatara). Previous studies on the scaling of reptilian life history traits indicated that they differ from those seen in the other amniotes (mammals and birds), but so far most comparative studies used small species samples and also not phylogenetically informed analyses. Here, we analyzed the scaling of nine life history traits with adult body mass for crocodiles (n = 2…

A Physiology-Based Model of Human Bile Acid Metabolism for Predicting Bile Acid Tissue Levels After Drug Administration in Healthy Subjects and BRIC …

2019

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a matter of concern in the course of drug development and patient safety, often leading to discontinuation of drug-development programs or early withdrawal of drugs from market. Hepatocellular toxicity or impairment of bile acid (BA) metabolism, known as cholestasis, are the two clinical forms of DILI. Whole-body physiology-based modelling allows a mechanistic investigation of the physiological processes leading to cholestasis in man. Objectives of the present study were: (1) the development of a physiology-based model of the human BA metabolism, (2) population-based model validation and characterisation, and (3) the prediction and quantification of alter…

NNRTI and Liver Damage: Evidence of Their Association and the Mechanisms Involved.

2021

Due to the improved effectiveness and safety of combined antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a manageable, chronic condition rather than a mortal disease. However, HIV patients are at increased risk of experiencing non-AIDS-defining illnesses, with liver-related injury standing out as one of the leading causes of death among these patients. In addition to more HIV-specific processes, such as antiretroviral drug-related toxicity and direct injury to the liver by the virus itself, its pathogenesis is related to conditions that are also common in the general population, such as alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, and age…

Neutralidad y honorabilidad del árbitro: : De la ética a la diligencia

2021

One of the main principles of arbitration is that the arbitral tribunal must be independent, impartial, neutral and diligent in carrying out its duties throughout the arbitration proceedings. However, the sophistication and complexity of arbitration as an extra-judicial dispute resolution procedure can undermine confidence in the efficiency of the system. In this regard, the professional (arbitral) ethics and the honourability of the arbitrator are of major importance. This article aims to highlight the importance of the neutrality of the arbitrator, the integrity of the arbitration and the reputation of this procedure

LM4 TOUR/ SICILIA ARCHITETTURA + ARTE

2012

Fluoroquinolone-induced liver injury: three new cases and a review of the literature.

2012

PURPOSE: Fluoroquinolones are popular and widely used in primary care and hospital settings. Premarketing studies showed a favourable side-effect profile. However, significant morbidity and the need for liver transplantation for acute liver failure have been reported. We reviewed the available data on liver damage linked to fluoroquinolones. METHODS: A systematic search of case reports on the MEDLINE database encompassing the years 2000-2011 was carried out. Additional references were found by a manual search of the retrieved paper. We also describe three new cases of hepatotoxicity attributable to fluoroquinolones seen at our Unit. RESULTS: Thirty-five cases were retrieved from MEDLINE (51…

Data from: Effects of undergrowth removal and edge proximity on ground beetles and vascular plants in urban boreal forests

2019

Urban forests are regularly managed for human safety and aesthetic reasons, but they are crucial habitat for many species. Removals of undergrowth occur commonly in these forests, yet the ecological consequences of these operations are poorly understood. We sampled ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) and vascular plants along 20-m edge gradients in Finnish urban forests, in five stands treated 0.5−2.5 years earlier with undergrowth removal and in five untreated stands. We hypothesized that undergrowth removal and edge proximity would benefit opportunistic and open-habitat species, whereas shady-habitat species would be affected negatively. (1) Regarding carabids, diversity and evenness i…

Fluorescence of Newo-Carborane Compounds with Different Fluorophores: Can it be Tuned?

2014

Two sets of o-carborane derivatives incorporating fluorene and anthracene fragments as fluorophore groups have been successfully synthesized and characterized, and their photophysical properties studied. The first set, comprising fluorene-containing carboranes 6-9, was prepared by catalyzed hydrosilylation reactions of ethynylfluorene with appropriate carboranylsilanes. The compound 1-[(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene-2-yl)ethynyl]carborane (11) was synthesized by the reaction of 9,9-dioctyl-2-ethynylfluorene and decaborane (B10H14). Furthermore, reactions of the lithium salt of 11 with 1 equivalent of 4-(chloromethyl)styrene or 9-(chloromethyl)anthracene yielded compounds 12 and 13. Members of the se…

Manifattura Tabacchi

2015

La Manifattura Tabacchi di Palermo trovò la sua sede verso la fine dell''800 negli edifici che avevano ospitato il Lazzaretto della città, sulla via Simone Gulì, tra gli attuali Cantieri Navali ed il Cimitero degli Inglesi, sulla costa che nei secoli ha subito sostanziali modifiche. Ciò che rimane del corpo ad emiciclo ed il quadrangolare con cortile interno risalgono al 1833, quando furono costruiti per ingrandire il Lazzaretto, su progetto dell'arch. Niccolò Puglia. A questi edifici, in occasione del cambio di destinazione d'uso da lazzaretto a Manifattura Tabacchi, ne furono accostati altri nel 1885, per ospitare le macchine necessarie alla fabbricazione di sigari e sigarette. L'edificio…

Life cycle energy performances and environmental impacts of a prefabricated building module

2018

Abstract The paper explores the energy performances and environmental impacts of a prefabricated building module located in Messina (Sicily, Italy) through an approach that combines both the non-steady state building simulation and the Life Cycle Assessment methodology. The building uses renewable energy technologies and is usable in emergency situations or as simply temporary housing. Results show that the building module causes the emission of 1.5 t of CO2eq/m2 and consumes 29.2 GJ/m2 of primary energy during its life cycle. The building achieves the Net Zero Energy Building target even if it has relevant environmental impacts in the materials production stage (72% on average of the total…