Search results for "DIR"
showing 10 items of 10242 documents
Slaveries and New Slaveries: Which Role for Human Dignity?
2020
This paper aims at reflecting on the role of the notion of "human dignity" with respect to slavery and new slaveries. First of all, a very brief reflection is carried out on the different legal meanings of the notion at stake in general terms (para. 2). On this basis, some remarks are developed with specific regard to the role played by dignity concerning new slaveries in the case law of international tribunals (European and Inter-American Courts of Human Rights, International Criminal Court, International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia: paras 3 and 4), particularly in the very recent case law of the European Court (para. 5) Such a role is far from being insignificant: the idea…
Il professionista «tecnico» tra obbligazioni di mezzi ed obbligazioni di risultato
2014
Riflessioni sullo scopo del Codice Ermogeniano
2004
Con riferimento al valore assunto dalle costituzioni imperiali nel sistema delle fonti del diritto in età imperiale si prende posizione nel dibattito sul cosiddetto ‘classicismo’ di Diocleziano e si afferma che la raccolta di provvedimenti effettuata da Ermogeniano, lungi dal costituire un completamento del Codex Gregorianus, sia servita come strumento diretto alla unificazione giuridica dell’impero sulla base del diritto romano classico in concomitanza all’affermazione del sistema tetrarchico inaugurato nell’anno 293.
Zwei wiederentdeckte Briefe Niebuhrs und ein anonymer Aufsatz in der 'Allgemeinen Literatur-Zeitung'
2012
In the archives of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften two letters by Barthold Georg Niebuhr of September 1816 are preserved which have never been published in a scholarly edition. The present transcription of the text is diplomatical. Furthermore the letters are examinated in their historical context. The use made of these letters in an anonymous publication in the same year in the Allegmeine Literatur-Zeitung is also discussed.
Staphyloccal alpha toxin
1998
Microscopic theory for the light-induced anomalous Hall effect in graphene
2019
We employ a quantum Liouville equation with relaxation to model the recently observed anomalous Hall effect in graphene irradiated by an ultrafast pulse of circularly polarized light. In the weak-field regime, we demonstrate that the Hall effect originates from an asymmetric population of photocarriers in the Dirac bands. By contrast, in the strong-field regime, the system is driven into a non-equilibrium steady state that is well-described by topologically non-trivial Floquet-Bloch bands. Here, the anomalous Hall current originates from the combination of a population imbalance in these dressed bands together with a smaller anomalous velocity contribution arising from their Berry curvature…
Aikariippuvan Diracin yhtälön numeerisesta ratkaisemisesta
2017
Tässä opinnäytetyössä tarkastellaan Diracin yhtälön numeerista ratkaisemista sekä tähän liittyviä haasteita. Diracin yhtälö on keskeinen kvanttifysiikan ilmiöitä kuvaava yhtälö, jonka ratkaisemiseen on esitetty kirjallisuudessa useita erilaisia menetelmiä. Tässä opinnäytetyössä keskitytään tarkastelemaan menetelmää, jossa yhtälön ratkaisemiseen sovelletaan operaattorinjakoa ja karakteristista menetelmää. Yhtälön ratkaiseminen vaatii paljon aikaa ja laskentaresursseja, joten laskennan tehostaminen rinnakkaislaskennan keinoin on välttämätöntä. In this paper the numerical solution of the Dirac equation is studied along with its challenges. The Dirac equation is a central equation describing th…
Die kinetik der allendimerisation, ein beitrag zum mechanismus
1971
Zusammenfassung The reaction kinetics of the dimerization of some polyhalogenated allenes with the general formula Cl2CCCCIX (X = Cl, Br, C6H5, COOEt) and of tetrabromoallene was studied by an IR spectrophotometric method. The reaction was found to be of strictly second order kinetics. The activation parameters were determined and the experimental data and the influence of the substituents were discussed in terms of the accepted general theory of allene cycloaddition. All data are in agreement with a non-concerted two-step electrocyclic addition mechanism. Within the experimental limits no paramagnetic species like a diradical could be detected by the ESR-method during the dimerization re…
Electronic structure of the glyoxalbis(2-hydroxyanil) (gha) ligand in [CoIII(gha)(PPh3)2]+: radical vs. non-radical states
2008
The synthesis, structure and spectroscopic properties of a complex salt [CoIII(gha)(PPh3)2][CoIICl3(PPh3)]·C2H5OH (1) are reported; gha = glyoxalbis(2-hydroxyanil). This is the first single crystal X-ray structure of a (gha)2− complex with a transition element. Though the determined bond parameters and UV-Vis spectroscopic data correlate well with a diradical description for the cation in 1, detailed electronic structure calculations using density functional theory confirm that [Co(gha)(PPh3)2]+ can be described as a closed shell singlet species which nevertheless displays an interesting electronic structure with significant electron transfer to the formally unoccupied LUMO of the square pl…
Bond stretching and redox behavior in coinage metal complexes of the dichalcogenide dianions [(SPh2P)2CEEC(PPh2S)2]2- (E=S, Se): diradical character …
2011
The metathetical reactions of a) [Li(tmeda)](2)[(S)C(PPh(2)S)(2)] (Li(2)·3c) with CuCl(2) and b) [Li(tmeda)](2)[(SPh(2)P)(2)CSSC(PPh(2)S)(2)] (Li(2)·4c) with two equivalents of CuCl both afford the binuclear Cu(I) complex {Cu(2)[(SPh(2)P)(2)CSSC(PPh(2)S)(2)]} (5c). The elongated (C)S-S(C) bond (ca. 2.54 and 2.72 A) of the dianionic ligand observed in the solid-state structure of 5c indicate the presence of diradical character as supported by theoretical analyses. The treatment of [Li(tmeda)](2)[(SPh(2)P)(2)CSeSeC(PPh(2)S)(2)] (Li(2)·4b) and Li(2)·4c with AgOSO(2)CF(3) produce the analogous Ag(I) derivatives, {Ag(2)[(SPh(2)P)(2)CEEC(PPh(2)S)(2)]} (6b, E=Se; 6c, E=S), respectively. The disele…