Search results for "DISCIPLINE"

Examining the developmental dynamics between achievement strategies and different literacy skills

2013

We examined the developmental dynamics between task-avoidant behavior and different literacy outcomes, and possible precursors of task-avoidant behavior. Seventy Greek children were followed from Grade 4 until Grade 6 and were assessed every year on reading fluency, spelling, and reading comprehension. The teachers assessed the children’s achievement strategies at all testing times. In addition, in Grade 4, the children responded to a task value questionnaire and the parents reported their beliefs and expectations about their children’s academic performance. The results revealed that task avoidance was reciprocally related only to reading comprehension. In addition, only parental beliefs p…

Teachers adapt their instruction in reading according to individual children’s literacy skills

2013

Abstract This study examined the extent to which first grade teachers adapt their reading instruction to the literacy skills of particular children in their classroom, and investigated whether teacher and classroom characteristics influence such adaptation. Three hundred seven Finnish children were tested with regard to their literacy skills at the end of their kindergarten year. At the beginning of the first grade, the teachers of these children filled in a questionnaire on the reading support they had given each child. The results showed, first, that the poorer the literacy skills a child showed at the end of kindergarten, the more personal reading instruction the teacher gave the child i…

Chekhov's Poetic and Social Realism on the Italian Stage, 1924-1964.

2008

This article explores the introduction of Chekhov's plays to Italy through émigré circles in the first decades of the twentieth century, and traces how they were appropriated to suit the ideological exigencies of the time during the fascist period. It concludes with observations about Luchino Visconti's celebrated productions of the 1950s, which stressed the idea that Chekhov was first and foremost a political writer, and suggests how this particular view of the dramatist evolved in the early 1960s as the theatre once again reflected social attitudes and values. Anna Sica is a lecturer at the University of Palermo. She has published monographs in Italy on the commedia dell'arte (1997), Arth…

Contextualizing Unguru’s 1975 Attack on the Historiography of Ancient Greek Mathematics

2016

In 1975 S. Unguru published his controversial paper on the need to rewrite the history of ancient Greek mathematics. The origin of the paper is sketched according to Unguru’s own story, and then the paper is contextualized in some of the historiographic and disciplinary discussions and shifts taking place during the decade before its publication. The focus is not only on the history of (Greek) mathematics (J. Klein , A. Szabo , M. S. Mahoney ), but a rather broad approach is taken to capture the wider (U.S.-American, academic) discourse around questions of professionalisation of history of science/mathematics. This analysis shows the complexity of the discursive field in which Unguru’s pape…

Om å bære dødens tyngde – Fotografier og visuelle fortellestrategier i Gaute Heivolls roman Himmelarkivet

2012

Author's version of an article in the journal: Edda. Also available from the publisher at: http://www.idunn.no/ts/edda/2012/02/om_aa_baere_doedens_tyngde_-_fotografier_og_visuelle_fortelles Himmelarkivet (2008) by Gaute Heivoll is part of an international trend of fiction concerned with traumatic events from World War II reflecting on the question of how these events should be described and understood. One main narrative device in the work is the use of image-related elements, and the goal of this article is to interpret their significance and effect. On the one hand, the argument is that they work as documents confirming the authenticity of the narrative and, on the other, that these visua…

Task-motivation during the first school years: A person-oriented approach to longitudinal data

2005

Abstract The present study investigated the kinds of motivational patterns primary school students show in terms of the value they place on math, reading and writing, respectively, and the extent to which these patterns are prospectively associated with academic performance, and related to self-concept of ability. Two-hundred and eleven 6- to 7-year-old children were examined twice during Grade 1, and twice during Grade 2. On each measurement occasion, they were assessed on their performance in reading and math, and on their self-concept of ability and task-motivation in those skills. The clustering-by-states analysis for longitudinal data identified four groups of children: those who place…

2021

This paper reviews the observations of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia (JLD). The JLD is a prospective family risk study in which the development of children with familial risk for dyslexia (N = 108) due to parental dyslexia and controls without dyslexia risk (N = 92) were followed from birth to adulthood. The JLD revealed that the likelihood of at-risk children performing poorly in reading and spelling tasks was fourfold compared to the controls. Auditory insensitivity of newborns observed during the first week of life using brain event-related potentials (ERPs) was shown to be the first precursor of dyslexia. ERPs measured at six months of age related to phoneme length identi…

Preschool Children’s Spontaneous Focusing on Numerosity, Subitizing, and Counting Skills as Predictors of Their Mathematical Performance Seven Years …

2015

This seven-year longitudinal study examined how children’s spontaneous focusing on numerosity (SFON), subitizing based enumeration, and counting skills assessed at five or six years predict their school mathematics achievement at 12 years. The participants were 36 Finnish children without diagnosed neurological disorders. The results, based on partial least squares modeling, demonstrate that SFON and verbal counting skills before school age predict mathematical performance on a standardized test for typical school mathematics in Grade 5. After controlling for nonverbal IQ, only SFON predict school mathematics. Subitizing-based enumeration skills have an indirect effect via number sequence s…

School grades as predictors of self-esteem and changes in internalizing problems: A longitudinal study from fourth through seventh grade

2020

This longitudinal study of 562 students (from ages 10 to 13) investigated whether developmental changes in internalizing problems (emotional and peer problems) can be predicted by school grades in mathematics and language arts and whether these predictive relations are mediated by students' self-esteem. The data comprised of teacher-rated internalizing problems, grades in math and language arts, and student self-ratings of self-esteem. The latent change score modeling indicated that math grades positively predicted self-esteem. Furthermore, lower self-esteem was related to an increase in internalizing and emotional problems in the total sample, and to an increase in peer problems in boys. T…

Infant brain responses associated with reading-related skills before school and at school age

2011

Summary Introduction In Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia, we have investigated neurocognitive processes related to phonology and other risk factors of later reading problems. Here we review studies in which we have investigated whether dyslexic children with familial risk background would show atypical auditory/speech processing at birth, at six months and later before school and at school age as measured by brain event-related potentials (ERPs), and how infant ERPs are related to later pre-reading cognitive skills and literacy outcome. Patients and methods One half of the children came from families with at least one dyslexic parent (the at-risk group), while the other half belonge…