Search results for "DISCIPLINE"
showing 10 items of 2858 documents
School-aged reading skills of children with family history of dyslexia : predictors, development and outcome
2017
In this research I focused on reading skill development in school-age children with family history of dyslexia. I was interested in the effects of children’s cognitive skills (language, phonological awareness, rapid serial naming, verbal short term memory, and letter knowledge), and gender in addition to family risk for dyslexia as predictors of children’s reading development. In addition, I examined whether shared reading with parents, time spent reading alone, or task-focused behaviour could serve as potential protective factors against reading disability. One of my aims was to find out whether there exist subgroups of children who have different developmental trajectories, and to charact…
Child-centered versus teacher-directed teaching practices: Associations with the development of academic skills in the first grade at school
2016
This study examined the extent to which child-centered versus teacher-directed teaching practices predicted the development of children's reading and math skills in the first year of elementary school. In addition, we investigated whether associations between teaching practices and children's academic skills development in Grade 1 differed among children who had low, average, or high initial academic skills at the beginning of school. The reading and math skills of 1,132 Finnish children from 93 classrooms were assessed at the beginning and end of Grade 1, and the Early Childhood Classroom Observation Measure (ECCOM) was used to observe teaching practices in 29 classrooms. The results of mu…
Les débats devant la commission d'esclavage
2010
On March 4, 1848, thanks to the decisive impetus given by Victor Schoelcher, the principle of the abolition of slavery was proclaimed by decree and a « Commission for the preparation of an act of immediate emancipation in all the colonies of the Republic » was established. Like the commission de Broglie under the July Monarchy, the commission, chaired by Schoelcher, provided a huge work of documentation, information and reflection on the settlements, studying also the organization of the English colonies. However, unlike the previous one, the commission of 1848 required the immediate abolition of slavery (Decree of April 27, 1848), without waiting for the election of the National Assembly, …
Social Cognition in Children with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Associations with Executive…
2017
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social impairments. The first objective of this study was to analyze social cognition deficits of children with ADHD, high-functioning ASD (HFASD), and typical development (TD) in their performance on explicit and applied measures of theory of mind (ToM). The second objective was to investigate the relationships between executive functions and social cognition in HFASD and ADHD. One hundred and twenty-six 7- to 11-year old children, 52 with HFASD, 35 with ADHD, and 39 with TD, performed the NEPSY-II social perception subtests. Parents estimated their children’…
DIF in the Spanish Version of the Verbal Selective Reminding Test Using Samples From Hispanics in the United States, Mexicans, and Spaniards
2019
Before a test can be used in the target population, it is necessary to demonstrate that there is measurement equivalence. One way to do this is by studying differential item functioning. Objective: In this study, we used the Mantel-Haenszel procedure and logistic regression to analyze DIF in the Spanish version of the Verbal Selective Reminding Test between Spaniards, Mexicans and Hispanics in the United States. Method: Three balanced samples, matched by age, education and sex, were studied: Spaniards, Mexicans and Hispanics (616 healthy participants from Spain (n = 211), Mexico (n = 201) and the United States (n = 205). A six-trial version of the Spanish version of the Verbal Selective Rem…
Afterword: Anthropology, the non-human and the ontological turn
2017
This afterword has two aims: a short critical assessment of the so-called “ontological turn” in the human sciences, and a critical commentary on some of the issues raised by the articles gathered in this special issue on the anthropology of the non-human. I argue that, as underlined by all the contributors, the question of how we think about the nature of politics and power relations is crucial for any evaluation of this new “turn”. An examination of the treatment given by Descola, Latour, Viveiros de Castro and their followers to the issue of power must account for the differences among these theoretical approaches and the political implications that can be draw from each of them. However,…
Federalism and Ethnic Minorities in Ethiopia: Ideology, Territoriality, Human Rights, Policy
2014
In 1994 Ethiopia has adopted a new constitution, considered one of the most advanced in terms of provisions for human rights. The progressive ratification of several international treaties on minority rights had already begun in 1991, immediately after the fall of the Derg regime. This progress has brought Ethiopia into the UN monitoring system, but the review of the official UN documents reveals the mismatch between the mentioned constitutional and international steps and the on-ground situation. This article considers two possible causes of this gap. The first is the particular form of ethnic federalism, first introduced with the Charter of the Transitional Government of Ethiopia and late…
Questua, sacrificio e banchetto rituale nelle feste campestri della Sardegna
2019
La questua di denaro, di alimenti e di capi di bestiame, il sacrificio di questi ultimi e il banchetto collettivo sono ancora oggi fra le azioni rituali più importanti delle feste campestri della Sardegna. Attraverso la descrizione e l’analisi di alcuni casi di studio, il contributo si propone di indagare l’importanza del cibo in ambito festivo. Durante il banchetto, infatti, si creano e si rinnovano relazioni e gerarchie, si esalta l’abbondanza e il consumo, si ribadisce l’appartenenza alla comunità e al culto comunitario. Il cibo, in sostanza, diviene un importante e imprescindibile strumento di comunicazione sociale. The begging of money, food and livestock, the sacrifice of the latter a…
The relativistic attitude in development: reflections on the implementation of the Ethiopian multinational Constitution
2019
L’approccio allo sviluppo che considera la crescita economica come unico obiettivo può produrre degli effetti deleteri sui gruppi marginalizzati. Lo sviluppismo adottato in Etiopia dal 1991 illustra questo punto con riferimento ai contadini, ai popoli pastorali e alle minoranze etniche. La riflessione internazionale sullo sviluppo e il progresso nel campo dei diritti umani hanno portato all’emergere di nuovi paradigmi. L’articolo mostra come le misure correttive siano state caratterizzate da una crescente attitudine ‘relativistica’, che consiste nel dare considerazione alla rilevanza di articolazioni particolari di cultura, norme formali o informali, e condizioni locali. L’attitudine relati…
Incertezza, precarietà, capacità di immaginazione del futuro e modernità: un confronto tra Appadurai e De Martino
2017
Though apparently distanced for their temporal and historical moment, their conceptual terminology, their interlocutors and the fields of their empirical research, it is possible to get some notable parallelisms of theoretical vision between the anthropological work of De Martino and that of Appadurai. In both cases, their starting point is in fact the uncertainty of human condition and social orders, and at the heart of their theory, there stands the issue of identifying the different kinds of ethos and cultural activity which permit people to historically and existentially confront this uncertainty through establishing their belonging to a “cultural homeland” (De Martino) or forms of soci…