Search results for "DNA Primer"
showing 10 items of 317 documents
Gallium modulates osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro without affecting osteoblasts.
2010
Gallium (Ga) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of disorders associated with accelerated bone loss, including cancer-related hypercalcemia and Paget's disease. These clinical applications suggest that Ga could reduce bone resorption. However, few studies have studied the effects of Ga on osteoclastic resorption. Here, we have explored the effects of Ga on bone cells in vitro.In different osteoclastic models [osteoclasts isolated from long bones of neonatal rabbits (RBC), murine RAW 264.7 cells and human CD14-positive cells], we have performed resorption activity tests, staining for tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, viabili…
An NMR Study of the Interaction of 15N-Labelled Bradykinin with an Antibody Mimic of the Bradykinin B2 Receptor
1997
An isotope-edited NMR study of the peptide hormone bradykinin (RPPGFSPFR) bound to the Fab fragment of a monoclonal antibody against bradykinin (MBK3) is reported. MBK3 was previously shown to provide a binding site model of the B2 bradykinin receptor [Haasemann, M., Buschko, J., Faussner, A., Roscher, A. A., Hoebeke, J., Burch, R. M. & Muller-Esterl, W. (1991) Anti-idiotypic antibodies bearing the internal image of a bradykinin epitope, J. Immunol. 147, 3882-3892]. Bradykinin was obtained in a uniformly 15N-labelled form using recombinant expression of a fusion protein consisting of the glutathione-binding domain of glutathione S-transferase fused to residues 354-375 of the high-molecular-…
Introduction of an single nucleodite polymorphism-based “Major Y-chromosome haplogroup typing kit” suitable for predicting the geographical origin of…
2005
The European Consortium "High-throughput analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms for the forensic identification of persons--SNPforID", has performed a selection of candidate Y-chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for making inferences on the geographic origin of an unknown sample. From more than 200 SNPs compiled in the phylogenetic tree published by the Y-Chromosome Consortium, and looking at the population studies previously published, a package of 29 SNPs has been selected for the identification of major population haplogroups. A "Major Y-chromosome haplogroup typing kit" has been developed, which allows the multiplex amplification of all 29 SNPs in a single reaction. A…
Genetic analysis of the short tandem repeat system D12S391 in the German and three Asian populations
1998
Abstract Genomic DNA samples from 222 individuals from Southern China, 154 individuals from Thailand, 100 individuals from Japan as well as from 124 German individuals were analysed for the short tandem repeat (STR) locus D12S391. Typing was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and subsequent polyacryramide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. In total, 12 alleles could be distinguished in two of the populations. Among Chinese, allele 19 is the most common with a frequency of 0.225, and among Germans, allele 18 with a frequency of 0.186. In the Thai population only 11 alleles could be distinguished and allele 19 is the most common with a frequency of 0.198. In Ja…
iNOS-derived nitric oxide mediates the increase in TFF2 expression associated with gastric damage: role of HIF-1.
2009
Trefoil (TFF) peptides are involved in gastrointestinal mucosal restitution. An hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)-dependent induction of TFF genes has been reported in gastric epithelial cells. Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with mucosal damage and modulates HIF-1 activity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of iNOS-derived NO in HIF-1alpha stabilization and TFF gene expression in damaged gastric mucosa. Aspirin caused gastric injury that peaked 6 h after dosing and returned to normality at 24 h. iNOS mRNA expression occurs in the corpus in parallel with damage. Blockade of iNOS activity did not modify gastric lesions induced by aspirin but delayed mucosal healing. Aspir…
Vitamin E activates CRABP-II gene expression in cultured human fibroblasts, role of protein kinase C
2004
The treatment of human fibroblasts with different tocopherols in the presence of retinol caused an increase in cytoplasmic retinoic acid binding protein II (CRABP-II) mRNA and protein. The possibility of an involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in the response to tocopherols was supported by the results obtained with the PKC-specific inhibitors, calphostin C and bisindolylmaleimide I. The effect of alpha-tocopherol was prevented by okadaic acid, suggesting that a protein phosphatase is responsible for PKC dephosphorylation produced by the presence of tocopherols. The results shown support the hypothesis that phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of RXRalpha via PKC may be involved in the regula…
Expression of serologically identified tumor antigens in acute leukemias.
2003
Cancer/testis antigens (CTA) are an expanding family of immunogenic proteins selectively expressed in human neoplasms. As little is known about the expression of serologically identified CTA in leukemias so far, we investigated the expression of 5 CT genes (SSX-1, HOM-MEL-40/SSX-2, HOM-TES-14/SCP-1, SCP-3 and NY-ESO-1) in leukemic blood samples obtained from patients with either acute lymphatic leukemias (ALL) or myelocytic leukemia (AML). RT-PCR-analyses showed no expression of any of the CT-genes in the leukemia samples of 19 patients with AML, whereas frequent expression was found in ALL. In the 17 ALL cases studied, SCP3a, SSX-1, HOM-MEL-40/SXX-2 and HOM-TES-14/SCP-1 were expressed in 4…
Quantitative fluorescence determination of long-fragment DNA in stool as a marker for the early detection of colorectal cancer
2008
Background: A variety of molecular markers have been evaluated for the development of a non-invasive approach to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. We aimed to validate the diagnostic accuracy, using the same threshold as in the previous pilot study, of fluorescent long DNA test as a relatively simple and inexpensive tool for colorectal cancer detection.Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 100 healthy subjects and 100 patients at first diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Human long-fragment DNA in stool was quantified by fluorescence primers and a standard curve and expressed in DNA nanograms.Results: We validated the 25-ng value, which emerged as the most accurate cut-off in the pil…
BRAF(V600E) MUTATION AND THE BIOLOGY OF PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER
2008
BRAF((V600E)) mutation is the most frequent genetic alteration in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) that are 80-90% of all thyroid cancers. We evaluated the relationship between BRAF((V600E)) and tumor, host, and environmental factors in PTCs from all geographical areas of Sicily. By PCR, BRAF((V600E)) was investigated in a series of 323 PTCs diagnosed in 2002-2005. The correlation between clinicopathological tumor, host, and environmental characteristics and the presence of BRAF((V600E)) were evaluated by both univariate and multivariate analyses. BRAF((V600E)) was found in 38.6% PTCs, with a 52% frequency in the classical PTCs and 26.4% in the tall cell variant. Univariate analysis indi…
DNA repair activity of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) in human lymphocytes is not dependent on genetic polymorphism Ser326/Cys326.
2001
8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) is a DNA repair enzyme that excises 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8oxoG) from DNA. Since 8oxoG is a highly mispairing lesion, decreased OGG1 expression level could lead to a higher background mutation frequency and could possibly increase the cancer risk of an individual under oxidative stress. In order to analyse the natural variation of OGG1, we measured the DNA repair activity in human lymphocytes of healthy individuals by means of an 8oxoG-containing oligonucleotide assay. The data obtained revealed a two fold interindividual variation of OGG1 activity in lymphocytes. There was no difference in OGG1 activity due to gender and smoking behaviour. Transcri…