Search results for "DP"
showing 10 items of 10968 documents
Identifying women with gestational diabetes based on maternal characteristics: an analysis of four Norwegian prospective studies
2021
Abstract Background There is still no worldwide agreement on the best diagnostic thresholds to define gestational diabetes (GDM) or the optimal approach for identifying women with GDM. Should all pregnant women perform an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or can easily available maternal characteristics, such as age, BMI and ethnicity, indicate which women to test? The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of GDM by three diagnostic criteria and the predictive accuracy of commonly used risk factors. Methods We merged data from four Norwegian cohorts (2002–2013), encompassing 2981 women with complete results from a universally offered OGTT. Prevalences were estimated based on the f…
Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time in a cohort of US adults followed for up to 13 years: The influence of removing early fol…
2020
Abstract Background Observational studies linking physical activity with mortality are susceptible to reverse causation bias from undiagnosed and prevalent diseases. Researchers often attempt to deal with reverse causation bias by excluding deaths occurring within the first 1 or 2 years from the analysis, but it is unclear if excluding deaths within this time-frame is sufficient to remove bias. Methods We examined associations between total and intensity-specific physical activity and sedentary time with all-cause mortality in a prospective cohort of 3542 individuals from the 2003–2006 NHANES cycles. In order to yield measures of association hypothesized as minimally influenced by reverse c…
The road to equitable healthcare: A conceptual model developed from a qualitative study of Syrian refugees in Norway
2021
Background Refugees in high-income countries face barriers to healthcare access even when they have the same rights and entitlements as the host population. Disadvantages in healthcare access contribute to differences in health outcomes and impact acculturation. This study explores perceived changes in health status and experiences with the Norwegian healthcare system of Syrian refugees living in Norway, using a trajectory perspective. Methods We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews in April 2020 among purposefully recruited adult refugees from Syria resettled in Norway. Interviews were carried out in Arabic and analysed with Systematic Text Condensation using NVivo software. We used Lév…
Prevalence of Parental Alcohol Problems among a General Population Sample of 28,047 Norwegian Adults: Evidence for a Socioeconomic Gradient
2021
The aim of the study presented here was to estimate the prevalence of parental alcohol problems during childhood in a general population of Norwegian adults, and to investigate associations between parental alcohol problems during childhood and lower socioeconomic status in adulthood. This cross-sectional study recruited 28,047 adults (≥18 years) to an online health survey (Norwegian Counties Public Health Surveys). We evaluated demographic and socioeconomic measures and responses to a shortened version of the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test (CAST-6) scale to assess whether respondents perceived parental alcohol consumption during childhood as problematic. Respondents reported parenta…
A European Study of the Performance and Safety of MINIject in Patients With Medically Uncontrolled Open-angle Glaucoma (STAR-II)
2020
Precis In this European study (STAR-II), MINIject, a novel, ab-interno, supraciliary MIGS device, effectively lowered intraocular pressure (IOP) and the need for IOP-lowering medications in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Purpose To evaluate the safety and performance of a minimally invasive supraciliary glaucoma drainage device (MINIject DO627, iSTAR Medical SA, Wavre, Belgium) for surgical treatment of primary open angle glaucoma in patients refractory to topical hypotensive medications. Methods In a prospective, interventional, single-arm, multi-center, European study (STAR-II), MINIject was successfully implanted in a standalone procedure in 29 of 31 patients in 8 sites in 3 …
Influence of Early versus Late supplemental ParenteraL Nutrition on long-term quality of life in ICU patients after gastrointestinal oncological surg…
2019
Abstract Background Nutrition plays a major role in intensive care unit (ICU) treatment, influencing ICU length of stay and patient’s survival. If preferable enteral nutrition administration is not feasible, ESPEN and ASPEN guidelines recommend initiation of a supplemental parenteral route between the first and seventh day, but exact timing remains elusive. While rapid development in critical care enabled significant reduction in the mortality rate of ICU patients, this improvement also tripled the number of patients going to rehabilitation. Thus, it is quality of life after ICU that has become the subject of interest of clinicians and healthcare policy-makers. A growing body of evidence in…
Use of health care services among Syrian refugees migrating to Norway: a prospective longitudinal study
2021
Abstract Background Understanding the differential utilization of healthcare services is essential to address the public health challenges. Through the migration process, refugees move from one set of health risk factors to another and can face multiple healthcare challenges along their journey. Yet how these changing risk factors influence refugees’ use of health care services is poorly understood. Methods A longitudinal survey assessing health care utilization of 353 adult Syrian refugees was conducted; first in a transit setting in Lebanon and after one year of resettlement in Norway. The main outcomes are the utilization of general practitioner services, emergency care, outpatient and/o…
The association between intrapartum opioid fentanyl and early breastfeeding: A prospective observational study
2021
Introduction: Intrapartum opioids in labor may interfere with the early breastfeeding phase and cause breastfeeding difficulties. This study examines the effects of intrapartum fentanyl given intravenously (IV) or through epidural analgesia (EDA) on early breastfeeding. Material and methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted in a regional maternity unit. We included 1101 healthy mothers of term singleton babies in vertex presentation born between 2016 and 2018 (468 nulliparous and 633 multiparous). The main data were collected prospectively, and additional data were retrieved from hospital records. The main outcome measures were exclusive breastfeeding at discharge, sponta…
Breastfeeding initiation and duration in France: The importance of intergenerational and previous maternal breastfeeding experiences — results from t…
2019
International audience; OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of the mother's mother and mothers' previous personal experiences with breastfeeding and childcare in breastfeeding practices. DESIGN AND SETTING: The analysis included 13,774 mother-infant dyads from the French national birth cohort ELFE. Feeding practices were assessed by face-to-face interview in maternity wards in 2011, by phone interviews at months 2 and 12 post-partum and by Internet/paper questionnaires monthly from months 3-10. Sociodemographic, maternal and newborn-related factors were collected in the maternity unit and by postnatal phone interview at month 2. Multivariable logistic and linear regression was used to assess the …
The effects of assisted and resisted plyometric training on jump height and sprint performance among physically active females
2021
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of assisted and resisted plyometric jump training on jump height, sprint performance (acceleration (0-20m), maximum speed (30-40m) and 40m sprint time) among physically active females. Fifty-six participants (age: 21.1 ± 1.7 years; body mass: 64.2 ± 7.0 kg; height: 168.0 ± 5.6 cm) were randomly allocated to either an assisted (n = 16) or resisted training group (n = 17), or a control group (n = 14). Nine participants dropped out during the intervention. The training sessions consisted of three different plyometric jump exercises over an eight-week period, while the control group continued their normal training routine. The results reve…