Search results for "DRUG DISCOVERY"

showing 10 items of 3927 documents

NO donors. Part 16: investigations on structure-activity relationships of organic mononitrates reveal 2-nitrooxyethylammoniumnitrate as a high potent…

2007

The vasoactive properties of 14 organic mononitrates were investigated in vitro using PGF(2alpha)-precontracted porcine pulmonary arteries. A surprisingly wide range of vasorelaxant potencies was observed (pD(2): 3.36-7.50). Activities showed to be highly sensitive to the molecular structure and the substituents at the molecular carrier of the nitrate group. A correlation between lipophilicity and vasorelaxant potency could not be recognized. 2-Nitrooxyethylammoniumnitrate (1) was found to be slightly superior to the high potency trinitrate GTN.

2-nitrooxyethylammoniumnitrateNitratesChemistryStereochemistryVasodilator AgentsOrganic ChemistryClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceVasodilationBiochemistryChemical synthesisIn vitroNo donorsQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsStructure-Activity RelationshipDrug DiscoveryLipophilicityMolecular MedicinePotencyStructure–activity relationshipNitric Oxide DonorsMolecular BiologyBioorganicmedicinal chemistry letters
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Attitudes toward the SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Vaccination in the Metropolitan Cities of Bologna and Palermo, Italy

2021

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is known to play a relevant role in thwarting the efforts toward reaching satisfactory influenza vaccination coverage, and has caused similar difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to describe the phenomenon and produce insights on the reasons behind VH. A survey was administered between December 2020 and February 2021 to adults living in the cities of Bologna and Palermo. Of the 443 subjects enrolled, 47.3% were likely to get the influenza vaccination, while 75.6% were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccination. The most frequent determinants that motivated the willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine were trust in the safety of vaccines and belie…

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)ImmunologyNegative associationVaccine hesitancy.ArticleEnvironmental healthDrug DiscoveryPandemicMedicinePharmacology (medical)surveyPharmacologybusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2RCOVID-19vaccinationMetropolitan areaVaccinationInfectious DiseasesItalyVaccination coveragevaccine hesitancyMedicinebusinessinfluenzaVaccines
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Zinc(II)—The Overlooked Éminence Grise of Chloroquine’s Fight against COVID-19?

2020

The authors would like to thank Agnieszka Michalczuk for providing us with her artistic vision of SARS-CoV-2.

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)lcsh:Medicinelcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementZincReviewlcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicachloroquine03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundChloroquineRNA polymeraseDrug Discoverymedicine030304 developmental biology0303 health sciences030306 microbiologybusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2lcsh:RCOVID-19HydroxychloroquineChloroquinehydroxy- chloroquineVirologychemistry2019-nCoVMolecular MedicinebusinessZn(II) ionophoresmedicine.drugHydroxychloroquinePharmaceuticals
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Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Halloysite Clay Minerals

2020

Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), clay minerals belonging to the kaolin groups, are emerging nanomaterials which have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their interesting features, such as low-cost, availability and biocompatibility. In addition, their large surface area and tubular structure have led to HNTs’ application in different industrial purposes. This review reports a comprehensive overview of the historical background of HNT utilization in the last 20 years. In particular it will focus on the functionalization of the surfaces, both supramolecular and covalent, following applications in several fields, including biomedicine, environmental science and catalysis.

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Surface PropertiesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Pharmaceutical ScienceNanotechnologyReviewhalloysite nanotubesengineering.materialHalloysiteAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryDrug DiscoveryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryParticle SizeMineralsMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicahistorical backgroundsupramolecular functionalizationChemistry (miscellaneous)engineeringMolecular MedicineClayClay mineralschemical modificationMolecules
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Toxicity as prime selection criterion among SARS-active herbal medications

2021

We present here a new selection criterion for prioritizing research on efficacious drugs for the fight against COVID-19: the relative toxicity versus safety of herbal medications, which were effective against SARS in the 2002/2003 epidemic. We rank these medicines according to their toxicity versus safety as basis for preferential rapid research on their potential in the treatment of COVID-19. The data demonstrate that from toxicological information nothing speaks against immediate investigation on, followed by rapid implementation of Lonicera japonica, Morus alba, Forsythia suspensa, and Codonopsis spec. for treatment of COVID-19 patients. Glycyrrhiza spec. and Panax ginseng are ranked in …

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakmedicine.medical_specialtyRelative toxicityCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Pharmaceutical ScienceReviewSARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 203 medical and health sciencesCytochrome P450 Phytochemicals0302 clinical medicineSOD superoxide dismutaseDrug DiscoveryMedicineAnimalsHumansOral applicationIKK inhibitor of κB kinase030304 developmental biologyPharmacologyRational phytotherapy0303 health sciencesPublic healthCOVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019JNK c-Jun N-terminale kinaseNO nitric oxidePlants MedicinalTraditional medicineToxicityACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme 2business.industrySARS-CoV-2Public healthCOVID-19Th2 T helper cells type 2NF-κB nuclear factor- κ B cellsComplementary and alternative medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisToxicityMolecular MedicineCYP cytochrome P450 monooxygenaseHIV-1 human immunodeficiency virus 1businessSelection criterionMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseDrugs Chinese HerbalPhytomedicine
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SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF 2,5-BIS(3'-INDOLYL)-FURANS AND 3,5-BIS(3'-INDOLIY)-ISOXAZOLES, NORTOPSENTIN ANALOGUES

2010

Abstract A series of novel 2,5-bis(3′-indolyl)furans and 3,5-bis(3′-indolyl)isoxazoles were synthesized as antitumor agents. The antiproliferative activity was evaluated in vitro toward diverse human tumor cell lines. Initially 5 isoxazoles and 3 furan derivatives were tested against a panel of 10 human tumor cell lines and the most active derivatives 3c and 4a were selected to be evaluated in an extended panel of 29 cell lines. By exhibiting mean IC50 values of 17.4 μg/mL (3a) and 20.5 μg/mL (4c), in particular 4c showed a high level of tumor selectivity toward the 29 cell lines.

35-BIS(3'-INDOLIY)-ISOXAZOLESIndolesStereochemistry3Clinical Biochemistry2Pharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsBiochemistryChemical synthesis25-BIS(3'-INDOLYL)-FURANSchemistry.chemical_compound2; 5-BIS(3'-INDOLYL)-FURANS; 3; 5-BIS(3'-INDOLIY)-ISOXAZOLES; NORTOPSENTIN; ANTITUMOR ACTIVITYFuranCell Line TumorNeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryHumans5-BIS(3'-INDOLIY)-ISOXAZOLESCytotoxicityFurans5-BIS(3'-INDOLYL)-FURANSMolecular BiologyAntitumor activityAlkaloidOrganic ChemistryBiological activityNORTOPSENTINIsoxazolesSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaIn vitroANTITUMOR ACTIVITYchemistryCell cultureMolecular MedicineDrug Screening Assays Antitumor
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Diastereoselective synthesis of 6-functionalized 4-aryl-1,3-oxazinan-2-ones and their application in the synthesis of 3-aryl-1,3-aminoalcohols and 6-…

2010

Abstract Halocyclocarbamation of benzyl N -(1-phenyl-3-butenyl)carbamates afforded 6-functionalized 4-aryl-1,3-oxazinan-2-ones with moderate to excellent diastereoselectivity depending on the N -substituent. Importantly, in contrast to reported cyclocarbamations of homoallylic carbamates, which are generally trans -diastereoselective, cyclization of N -unsubstituted Cbz-protected homoallylamines led to cis -1,3-oxazinan-2-ones, predominantly. The use of N -benzylated and in situ prepared N -silylated derivatives resulted however in trans -selectivity. Transition states are proposed to explain the stereochemical influence of the N -substituent on the cyclocarbamations. The functionalized 1,3…

3-AminoalcoholsStereochemistry3-ASYMMETRIC INDUCTION1SubstituentBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compound4-dionesCHIRAL BUILDING-BLOCKDrug DiscoveryHEIMIA-SALICIFOLIAArylOrganic ChemistryCONCISE SYNTHESISHOMOALLYLIC AMINESTransition stateALPHA-AMINO-ACIDSChemistrySTEREOSELECTIVE-SYNTHESISCyclocarbamationSTREPTOMYCES-CLAVULIGERUSchemistryASYMMETRIC TOTAL-SYNTHESISINTRAMOLECULAR AMIDOALKYLATION3-Oxazinan-2-onesPiperidine-2
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Synthesis of New 2-{[(Phenoxy or Phenyl)acetyl]amino}benzoic Acid Derivatives as 3α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Inhibitors and Potential Antiinflamm…

1995

A number of 2-([(phenoxy or phenyl)acetyl]amino)benzoic acid derivatives were prepared in about 50% yield from (phenoxy or phenyl)acetyl chloride and anthranilic acid derivatives. All the compounds were tested as in vitro inhibitors of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, since enzyme inhibition predicts potential antiinflammatory activity in vivo. The most active compounds 3 l, m, s are about 3.5 times more active than acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Activity is influenced by electronic as well as steric effects.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenasesmedicine.drug_classStereochemistryCarboxylic acidPharmaceutical ScienceCarboxamideEtherMicrobial Sensitivity TestsIn Vitro TechniquesChemical synthesischemistry.chemical_compoundAnti-Infective AgentsAcetyl chlorideYeastsDrug DiscoverymedicineAnthranilic acidAnimalsAminobenzoatesEnzyme InhibitorsBenzoic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationBacteriabiologyAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalAnti-Bacterial AgentsRatschemistryEnzyme inhibitorbiology.proteinArchiv der Pharmazie
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The effect of bergamot on dyslipidemia

2016

Abstract Background Statins are the most common used lipid lowering drugs but they may cause adverse effects and despite their well-established therapeutic benefits residual cardiovascular (CV) risk remains. The use of other lipid lowering drugs and nutraceuticals alone or as add-on lipid-modifying therapy can be an option in such cases. Several studies have reported health-related properties of the Citrus fruits, among which bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) differs from others by particularly high content of certain compounds. Purpose This narrative review summarizes the current evidence on the effects of bergamot on lipid parameters based on studies involving animals and humans. Main evid…

3003CitrusFuture studiesBergamotPharmaceutical Science030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBioinformatics01 natural sciences03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineNutraceuticalDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsHumansAdverse effectDyslipidemiasHypolipidemic AgentsFlavonoidsPharmacologyPlant ExtractsChemistryCholesterolMedicine (all)Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceCardiovascular riskComplementary and Alternative Medicine2708 Dermatologymedicine.disease0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryDyslipidemiaComplementary and alternative medicineBiochemistryLDL cholesterolCitrus bergamiaMolecular MedicineNarrative reviewLipid loweringDyslipidemiaPhytomedicine
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Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and possible mechanism of action of novel 2-acetamidobenzamides bearing the 2-phenoxy functionality.

2015

Several new 2-(2-phenoxyacetamido)benzamides 17a-v, 21 and 22 were synthesized by stirring in pyridine the acid chlorides 16a-e and the appropriate5-R-4-R1-2-aminobenzamide 15a-e and initially evaluated in vitro for antiproliferative activity against the K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) cell line. Some of synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against the full NCI tumor cell line panel derived from nine clinically isolated cancer types (leukemia, non-small cell lung, colon, CNS, melanoma, ovarian, renal, prostate and breast). The most active compounds caused an arrest of K562 cells in the G0-G1 phase of cell cycle and induction of apoptos…

3003Clinical BiochemistryCellPharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisAntiproliferative activityPharmacologyG0/G1 arrestBiochemistryArticle2-(2-Phenoxyacetamido)benzamideAntineoplastic AgentStructure-Activity RelationshipBenzamideSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryG1 Phase Cell Cycle CheckpointK562 CellmedicineHumansMolecular BiologyCell ProliferationCell growthChemistryDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistryApoptosiCell cyclemedicine.diseaseCaspaseSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaG1 Phase Cell Cycle CheckpointsLeukemiamedicine.anatomical_structureMicroscopy FluorescenceCell cultureApoptosisCaspasesBenzamidesMolecular MedicineDrug Screening Assays AntitumorK562 CellsPro-caspase 3HumanK562 cellsChronic myelogenous leukemiaBioorganicmedicinal chemistry
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