Search results for "DUALITY"

showing 10 items of 226 documents

Foundations of quantum mechanics and their impact on contemporary society

2018

Nearing a century since its inception, quantum mechanics is as lively as ever. Its signature manifestations, such as superposition, wave-particle duality, uncertainty principle, entanglement and nonlocality, were long confronted as weird predictions of an incomplete theory, paradoxes only suitable for philosophical discussions, or mere mathematical artifacts with no counterpart in the physical reality. Nevertheless, decades of progress in the experimental verification and control of quantum systems have routinely proven detractors wrong. While fundamental questions still remain wide open on the foundations and interpretations of quantum mechanics, its modern technological applications have …

Physics - Physics and SocietyUncertainty principle010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesGeneral MathematicsPhysics - History and Philosophy of PhysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum entanglementPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Quantum technologieQuantum mechanics01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History Philosophy and Sociology of SciencesQuantum nonlocalityQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesHistory and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)SociologyContemporary society010306 general physicsQuantum0105 earth and related environmental sciencesQuantum PhysicsIntroductionQuantum foundationGeneral EngineeringInterpretations of quantum mechanics16. Peace & justicePhysics::History of PhysicsDuality (electricity and magnetism)Transformative learningQuantum Physics (quant-ph)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-HIST-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/History of Physics [physics.hist-ph]
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Updated determination of chiral couplings and vacuum condensates from hadronic tau decay data

2016

We analyze the lowest spectral moments of the left-right two-point correlation function, using all known short-distance constraints and the recently updated ALEPH V-A spectral function from tau decays. This information is used to determine the low-energy couplings L10 and C87 of chiral perturbation theory and the lowest-dimensional contributions to the Operator Product Expansion of the left-right correlator. A detailed statistical analysis is implemented to assess the theoretical uncertainties, including violations of quark-hadron duality.

PhysicsAlephParticle physicsChiral perturbation theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsHadronDuality (optimization)FOS: Physical sciencesCorrelation function (quantum field theory)01 natural sciences3. Good healthHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]0103 physical sciencesStatistical analysisHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentOperator product expansionSpectral function010306 general physics
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Computation of Amplitudes in the Discretized Approach to String Field Theory

1988

An approach to Witten string field theory based on the discretization of the world sheet is adopted. We use it to calculate tree amplitudes with the formulation of the theory based on string functionals. The results are evaluated numerically and turn out to be very accurate, giving, for a string approximated by 600 points, values within 0.02% of the prediction of the dual model. The method opens a way to calculate amplitudes in string field theory using nonflat backgrounds as well as compactified dimensions.

PhysicsCompactification (physics)Mathematical analysisS-dualityFísicaGeneral Physics and AstronomyString field theoryTopological string theoryHigh Energy Physics::TheoryNon-critical string theoryQuantum electrodynamicsString cosmologyDilatonQuantum field theoryPhysical Review Letters
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Electron-hole duality and vortex rings in quantum dots

2004

In a quantum-mechanical system, particle-hole duality implies that instead of studying particles, we can get equivalent information by studying the missing particles, the so-called holes. Using this duality picture for rotating fermion condensates the vortices appear as holes in the Fermi see. Here we predict that the formation of vortices in quantum dots at high magnetic fields causes oscillations in the energy spectrum which can be experimentally observed using accurate tunnelling spectroscopy. We use the duality picture to show that these oscillations are caused by the localisation of vortices in rings.

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)General Physics and AstronomyDuality (optimization)FOS: Physical sciencesElectron holeFermionMagnetic fieldVortex ringVortexCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum dotQuantum mechanicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Quantum tunnelling
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Vortex localization in rotating clouds of bosons and fermions

2006

Finite quantal systems at high angular momenta may exhibit vortex formation and localization. These phenomena occur independent of the statistics of the repulsively interacting particles, which may be of bosonic or fermionic nature. We analyze the relation between vortex localization and formation of stable Wigner molecules at high angular momenta in the view of particle-hole duality.Trial wave functions for the vortex states and the corresponding fermion-boson relations are discussed.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesAngular momentumCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Duality (optimization)FOS: Physical sciencesFermionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsVortexCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum dotQuantum electrodynamicsQuantum mechanicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Wigner distribution functionWave functionBoson
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Compact Topological Quantum Groups

1995

Using vector spaces topologies we unify the different models of quantum groups. Duality and reflexivity are built in. The Drinfeld deformation can be extended to the distributions on a simple compact Lie group and dually to the infinitely differentiable functions. The topological quantum double is similarly defined and a uniqueness result is obtained.

PhysicsDuality (mathematics)Topological orderTopological ringLie groupCompact quantum groupQuantum topologyTopologySymmetry protected topological orderTopological entropy in physics
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The Few-Body Coulombian Problem

1999

Recent advances in the treatment of scattering of charged composite particles are reviewed. In a first part I report on developments of the theory. Specifically I describe the recent completion of the derivation of the co-ordinate space asymptotic behaviour of the wave function for three charged particles in the continuum. This knowledge is increasingly being made use of in attempts to ‘derive’ three-Coulomb particle wave functions to be used in all of configuration space which are solutions of the Schrodinger equation, though not everywhere but at least in one or preferably all of the asymptotic regions. Their practical application in approximate calculations of ionisation and breakup proc…

PhysicsElastic scatteringsymbols.namesakeMatrix (mathematics)Wave–particle dualityClassical mechanicssymbolsCoulombConfiguration spaceSpace (mathematics)Charged particleSchrödinger equation
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Black hole solutions of N=2, d=4 supergravity with a quantum correction, in the H-FGK formalism

2012

We apply the H-FGK formalism to the study of some properties of a general class of black holes in N = 2 supergravity in four dimensions that correspond to the harmonic and hyperbolic ansatze and we obtain explicit extremal and non-extremal solutions for the t(3) model with and without a quantum correction. Not all solutions of the corrected model (quantum black holes), including in particular a solution with a single q(1) charge, have a regular classical limit.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsBlack holes010308 nuclear & particles physicsSupergravityAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesBlack holes in string theoryGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesClassical limitGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyBlack holeFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)0103 physical sciencesSupersymmetry and DualityQuantum correction010306 general physicsQuantumMathematical physics
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The transverse structure of the QCD string

2010

The characterization of the transverse structure of the QCD string is discussed. We formulate a conjecture as to how the stress-energy tensor of the underlying gauge theory couples to the string degrees of freedom. A consequence of the conjecture is that the energy density and the longitudinal-stress operators measure the distribution of the transverse position of the string, to leading order in the string fluctuations, whereas the transverse-stress operator does not. We interpret recent numerical measurements of the transverse size of the confining string and show that the difference of the energy and longitudinal-stress operators is the appropriate probe to use when comparing with the nex…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCompactification (physics)High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)FOS: Physical sciencesString field theoryTopological string theoryString theoryNon-critical string theoryDomain wall (string theory)High Energy Physics::TheoryHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum mechanicsString cosmologyString dualityMathematical physics
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Mass spectrum and thermodynamics of quasi-conformal gauge theories from gauge/gravity duality

2011

We use gauge/gravity duality to study simultaneously the mass spectrum and the thermodynamics of a generic quasi-conformal gauge theory, specified by its beta function. The beta function of a quasi-conformal theory almost vanishes, and the coupling is almost constant between two widely separated energy scales. Depending on whether the gravity dual has a black hole or not, the mass spectrum is either a spectrum of quasinormal oscillations or a normal T=0 mass spectrum. The mass spectrum is quantitatively correlated with the thermal properties of the system. As the theory approaches conformality, the masses have to vanish. We show that in this limit, the masses calculated via gauge/gravity du…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsGravity (chemistry)FOS: Physical sciencesDuality (optimization)GravitationBlack holeHigh Energy Physics::TheoryGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum mechanicsQuasinormal modeSeiberg dualityDilatonGauge theoryMathematical physics
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