Search results for "Data model"
showing 10 items of 162 documents
Climate and agriculture: empirical evidence for countries and agroecological zones of the Sahel
2022
International audience; ow heterogenous is the impact of climate change across space and the type of agricultural production? In this paper, we investigate the relationship between climate change and variability, measured by temperature and rainfall, and agricultural production at the country and agroecological zone levels of the Sahel. We consider a crop production index and five cereals (maize, millet, sorghum, wheat and rice). Based on an original climate database and an agricultural production function estimated for the period 1961–2016, we show that average rainfall and temperature during the growing season indeed have highly heterogeneous effects on agricultural production, depending …
Predicting human performance in interactive tasks by using dynamic models
2017
The selection of an appropriate sequence of activities is an essential task to keep student motivation and foster engagement. Usually, decisions in this respect are made by taking into account the difficulty of the activities, in relation to the student's level of competence. In this paper, we present a dynamic model that aims to predict the average performance of a group of students at solving a given series of maths problems. The system takes into account both student- and task-related features. This model was built and validated by using the data gathered in an experimental session that involved 64 participants solving a sequence of 26 arithmetic problems. The data collected from the fir…
Architecture Enabling Adaptation of Data Integration Processes for a Research Information System
2018
Abstract Today, many efforts have been made to implement information systems for supporting research evaluation activities. To produce a good framework for research evaluation, the selection of appropriate measures is important. Quality aspects of the systems’ implementation should also not be overlooked. Incomplete or faulty data should not be used and metric computation formulas should be discussed and valid. Correctly integrated data from different information sources provide a complete picture of the scientific activity of an institution. Knowledge from the data integration field can be adapted in research information management. In this paper, we propose a research information system f…
WiseNET - smart camera network interacting with a semantic model
2016
This paper presents an innovative concept for a distributed system that combines a smart camera network with semantic reasoning. The proposed system is context sensitive and combines the information extracted by the smart camera with logic rules and knowledge of what the camera observes, building information and events that may occurred. The proposed system is a justification for the use of smart cameras, and it can improve the classical visual sensor networks (VSN) and enhance the standard computer vision approach. The main application of our system is smart building management, where we specifically focus on increasing the services of the building users.
<title>Distance functions in dynamic integration of data mining techniques</title>
2000
One of the most important directions in the improvement of data mining and knowledge discovery is the integration of multiple data mining techniques. An integration method needs to be able either to evaluate and select the most appropriate data mining technique or to combine two or more techniques efficiently. A recent integration method for the dynamic integration of multiple data mining techniques is based on the assumption that each of the data mining techniques is the best one inside a certain subarea of the whole domain area. This method uses an instance-based learning approach to collect information about the competence areas of the mining techniques and applies a distance function to…
Towards multi-concern software development with Everything-as-Code
2022
As software is becoming a central element in our lives, more and more stakeholders have concerns. Unlike today, when developers stop their coding activities to satisfy these stakeholder concerns, we propose dealing with them as part of the coding workflow, the central element of programmers’ daily duties. This can be achieved by extending the approach that we call Everything-as-Code (EaC) beyond software engineers and operators. peerReviewed
Generic Data Models for Semantic e-Government Interoperability : Literature Review
2014
Interoperability of e-government systems is suggested to increase transparency, efficiency, effectiveness, and customer service in the public sector. Generic data models are often seen as a way for achieving especially semantic interoperability. To assess how the contemporary data models support semantic egovernment interoperability, we reviewed literature on data models suggested for the public sector in light of four features: standard modelling language, entityrelationship modelling, vocabulary for data exchange and methodology. The review contributes previous research by introducing a four-feature framework for assessing capability of e-government data models to enhance interoperability…
Data-Driven Evolutionary Optimization: An Overview and Case Studies
2019
Most evolutionary optimization algorithms assume that the evaluation of the objective and constraint functions is straightforward. In solving many real-world optimization problems, however, such objective functions may not exist, instead computationally expensive numerical simulations or costly physical experiments must be performed for fitness evaluations. In more extreme cases, only historical data are available for performing optimization and no new data can be generated during optimization. Solving evolutionary optimization problems driven by data collected in simulations, physical experiments, production processes, or daily life are termed data-driven evolutionary optimization. In this…
Development of Waste Collection Model Using Mobile Phone Data: A Case Study in Latvia
2020
In organizing household waste management and controlling waste collection and disposal, it is necessary to minimise risks to the environment and human health and, where possible, ensure that waste is recycled and returned to the economic cycle. Different models are being applied to increase waste collection management efficiency, but in recent years, the mobile phone data is widely used to solve various application problems. The research objective is to develop a waste collection model, which responds to the population’s current demands and allows planning waste container loading, based on mobile phone data statistics. The developed approach, techniques and data model can be used for waste …
Open challenges in environmental data analysis and ecological complex systems (a)
2020
Abstract This letter focuses on open challenges in the fields of environmental data analysis and ecological complex systems. It highlights relations between research problems in stochastic population dynamics, machine learning and big data research, and statistical physics. Recent and current developments in statistical modeling of spatiotemporal data and in population dynamics are briefly reviewed. The presentation emphasizes stochastic fluctuations, including their statistical representation, data-based estimation, prediction, and impact on the physics of the underlying systems. Guided by the common thread of stochasticity, a deeper and improved understanding of environmental processes an…