Search results for "Data type"

showing 10 items of 1183 documents

Time-dependent asymmetric traveling salesman problem with time windows: Properties and an exact algorithm

2019

Abstract In this paper, we deal with the Time-Dependent Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows. First, we prove that under special conditions the problem can be solved as an Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows, with suitable-defined time windows and (constant) travel times. Second, we show that, if the special conditions do not hold, the time-independent optimal solution provides both a lower bound and (eventually) an upper bound with a worst-case guarantee for the Time-Dependent Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows. Finally, a branch-and-bound algorithm is presented and tested on a set of 4800 instances. The results have been compared…

Branch-and-boundApplied MathematicsTime dependenceUpper and lower boundsTravelling salesman problemSet (abstract data type)Traveling salesman problemExact algorithmTime windowsLower and upper boundTime windowDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsApplied mathematicsConstant (mathematics)Discrete Mathematics and CombinatoricMathematics
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Multi-channel search for squarks and gluinos in root s=7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

2013

A search for supersymmetric particles in final states with zero, one, and two leptons, with and without jets identified as originating from b-quarks, in 4.7 fb[superscript −1] of √s = 7 TeV pp collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded by the ATLAS detector is presented. The search uses a set of variables carrying information on the event kinematics transverse and parallel to the beam line that are sensitive to several topologies expected in supersymmetry. Mutually exclusive final states are defined, allowing a combination of all channels to increase the search sensitivity. No deviation from the Standard Model expectation is observed. Upper limits at 95 % confidence level…

Brookhaven National LaboratoryParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Supergauge TransformationsContext (language use)ddc:500.253001 natural sciencesStandard ModelSet (abstract data type)CurrentsPions0103 physical sciencesddc:530Sensitivity (control systems)WeakHigh Energy Physics010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)QCCiencias ExactasPhysicsproton–proton collisionsHadron-Hadron ScatteringLarge Hadron ColliderATLAS detector010308 nuclear & particles physicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaSupersymmetryATLASgluinosHADRON-HADRON COLLISIONSExperimental High Energy PhysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGsquarksHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSupersymmetryLHCEvent (particle physics)LeptonModel
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A Fuzzy Logic C-Means Clustering Algorithm to Enhance Microcalcifications Clusters in Digital Mammograms

2011

The detection of microcalcifications is a hard task, since they are quite small and often poorly contrasted against the background of images. The Computer Aided Detection (CAD) systems could be very useful for breast cancer control. In this paper, we report a method to enhance microcalcifications cluster in digital mammograms. A Fuzzy Logic clustering algorithm with a set of features is used for clustering microcalcifications. The method described was tested on simulated clusters of microcalcifications, so that the location of the cluster within the breast and the exact number of microcalcifications is known.

C-meanCOMPUTER-AIDED DETECTIONComputer scienceCADFuzzy logicSet (abstract data type)Cluster (physics)medicineMammographycancerComputer visionCLASSIFICATION.Cluster analysisbreastmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPattern recognitionImage enhancementComputer aided detectionSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)microcalcificationComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONbreast; cancer; microcalcifications; clustering; fuzzy logic; C-means; COMPUTER-AIDED DETECTION; CLASSIFICATION.Artificial intelligencefuzzy logicbusinessclustering
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Gene Set to Diseases (GS2D): disease enrichment analysis on human gene sets with literature data

2016

Large sets of candidate genes derived from high-throughput biological experiments can be characterized by functional enrichment analysis. The analysis consists of comparing the functions of one gene set against that of a background gene set. Then, functions related to a significant number of genes in the gene set are expected to be relevant. Web tools offering disease enrichment analysis on gene sets are often based on gene-disease associations from manually curated or experimental data that is accurate but does not cover all diseases discussed in the literature. Using associations automatically derived from literature data could be a cost effective method to improve the coverage of disease…

Candidate genebusiness.industryBig dataExperimental dataGenomicsBiologycomputer.software_genreSet (abstract data type)WorkflowData miningToxicogenomicsbusinesscomputerGeneGenomics and Computational Biology
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Evaluation of nutritional parameters in infant formulas and powdered milk by Raman spectroscopy

2007

It has been made a critical evaluation of the application of near infrared Fourier transform-Raman spectroscopy for the simultaneous determination of the most important nutritional parameters such as energetic value, carbohydrate, protein and fat contents of infant formula and powdered milk samples based on the use of partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis. A highly heterogeneous population of 23 samples, covering a wide range of infant food formula and powdered milk, were obtained from the Spanish market. Raman spectra, obtained by excitation with a Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm, show no disturbing fluorescence effects; therefore sample spectra can be recorded without any previous prepa…

CarbohydratesFluorescence spectrometryAnalytical chemistrySample (statistics)Spectrum Analysis RamanBiochemistryFourier transform spectroscopyAnalytical ChemistryFatsSet (abstract data type)Partial least squares regressionCalibrationAnimalsHumansEnvironmental ChemistrySpectroscopyChemistryInfant NewbornInfantProteinsReplicateInfant FormulaMilkInfant formulaFoodCalibrationFood AnalysisAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Inverse estimation of terminal connections in the cardiac conduction system

2017

Modeling the cardiac conduction system is a challenging problem in the context of computational cardiac electrophysiology. Its ventricular section, the Purkinje system, is responsible for triggering tissue electrical activation at discrete terminal locations, which subsequently spreads throughout the ventricles. In this paper, we present an algorithm that is capable of estimating the location of the Purkinje system triggering points from a set of random measurements on tissue. We present the properties and the performance of the algorithm under controlled synthetic scenarios. Results show that the method is capable of locating most of the triggering points in scenarios with a fair ratio bet…

Cardiac electrophysiologyGeneral Mathematics0206 medical engineeringGeneral EngineeringInverseContext (language use)02 engineering and technology030204 cardiovascular system & hematology020601 biomedical engineeringSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineVentricular activationTerminal (electronics)Electrical conduction system of the heartAlgorithmMathematicsMathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences
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Searching for repetitions in biological networks: methods, resources and tools

2013

We present here a compact overview of the data, models and methods proposed for the analysis of biological networks based on the search for significant repetitions. In particular, we concentrate on three problems widely studied in the literature: ‘network alignment’, ‘network querying’ and ‘network motif extraction’. We provide (i) details of the experimental techniques used to obtain the main types of interaction data, (ii) descriptions of the models and approaches introduced to solve such problems and (iii) pointers to both the available databases and software tools. The intent is to lay out a useful roadmap for identifying suitable strategies to analyse cellular data, possibly based on t…

Cellular datanetwork global alignmentnetwork local alignmentbiological networks analysiSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryComputer sciencenetwork queryingComputational Biologynetwork motif extractionModels Theoreticalcomputer.software_genreData typeNetwork motifSoftwareNetwork alignmentData miningbusinessMolecular Biologycomputerasymmetric alignmentBiological networkSoftwareInformation Systems
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Modelling the Reverse ElectroDialysis process with seawater and concentrated brines

2012

Technologies for the exploitation of renewable energies have been dramatically increasing in number, complexity and type of source adopted. Among the others, the use of saline gradient power is one of the latest emerging possibilities, related to the use of the osmotic/chemical potential energy of concentrated saline solutions. Nowadays, the fate of this renewable energy source is intrinsically linked to the development of the pressure retarded osmosis and reverse electrodialysis technologies. In the latter, the different concentrations of two saline solutions is used as a driving force for the direct production of electricity within a stack very similar to the conventional electrodialysis …

Chemical potentialSettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti Chimici020209 energyOcean Engineering02 engineering and technology7. Clean energyModellingSaline gradient powerSaline gradient power; Reverse electrodialysis; Modelling; Multi-scale; gPROMSStack (abstract data type)Reversed electrodialysisReverse electrodialysi0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOsmotic powergPROMSMulti-scaleWater Science and Technologybusiness.industryChemistryPressure-retarded osmosisEnvironmental engineeringElectrodialysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPollution6. Clean waterRenewable energySeawater0210 nano-technologybusinessDesalination and Water Treatment
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ELECTROCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF DICHLOROACETIC ACID TO CHLOROACETIC ACID IN A MICROFLUIDIC STACK AND IN A SERIES OF MICROFLUIDIC REACTORS

2015

The electrochemical conversion of dichloroacetic acid to chloracetic acid was performed in three different micro devices: a simple micro fluidic cell; a microfluidic stack equipped with various electrode chambers in series and three micro fluidic cells in series. The electrochemical synthesis of chloracetic acid was performed successfully with high yields and selectivity under a single-pass mode without supporting electrolyte at low cell voltages. An increase of the productivity and of the final concentration of the target product was achieved by using a stack with two or three electrode chambers in series. The utilization of three micro reactors in series open interesting new perspectives,…

ChemistrySupporting electrolyteMicrofluidicsChloroacetic acidAnalytical chemistryDichloroacetic acidmicro reactor microfluidid stack chloroacetic acid electrochemical synthesis micro reactors in seriesElectrochemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundStack (abstract data type)Chemical engineeringElectrodeElectrochemistryMicroreactor
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High-resolution gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of neutral chlorinated aromatic sulphur compounds in stack gas samples

1993

Abstract Four stack gas samples from waste incineration were analysed by high-resolution GC-MS for neutral chlorinated aromatic sulphur compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes, thianthrenes and diphenyl sulphides. Samples were analysed tentatively also for some methylated derivatives of these compounds. The stack gas samples had earlier been found to contain some tri- and tetrachlorodiphenyl sulphides. Two of the stack gas samples contained tetra- and pentachlorodibenzothiophenes. One sample was strongly suspected to contain some tri- and tetrachlorothianthrenes in low concentrations. No methylated derivatives of these compounds could be found. Polychlorothianthrenes, some polyc…

ChromatographyOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineMass spectrometryBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographySulfurAnalytical ChemistryStack (abstract data type)chemistryProton NMRGas chromatographySpectroscopyQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Journal of Chromatography A
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