Search results for "Database"

showing 10 items of 2136 documents

The Large-Scale Structure in the Universe: From Power Laws to Acoustic Peaks

2008

The most popular tools for analysing the large scale distribution of galaxies are second-order spatial statistics such as the two-point correlation function or its Fourier transform, the power spectrum. In this review, we explain how our knowledge of cosmic structures, encapsulated by these statistical descriptors, has evolved since their first use when applied on the early galaxy catalogues to the present generation of wide and deep redshift surveys, incorporating the most challenging discovery in the study of the galaxy distribution: the detection of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations.

PhysicsCOSMIC cancer databaseScale (ratio)Spectral densityAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsBaryon acoustic oscillationsCorrelation function (astronomy)Power lawAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsGalaxyRedshift
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Observational Constraints on Undulant Cosmologies

2005

In an undulant universe, cosmic expansion is characterized by alternating periods of acceleration and deceleration. We examine cosmologies in which the dark-energy equation of state varies periodically with the number of e-foldings of the scale factor of the universe, and use observations to constrain the frequency of oscillation. We find a tension between a forceful response to the cosmic coincidence problem and the standard treatment of structure formation.

PhysicsCOSMIC cancer databaseStructure formationOscillationEquation of state (cosmology)media_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsUniverseMetric expansion of spaceAccelerationHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Scale factor (cosmology)media_common
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Feasibility of 1 arcmin resolution gamma-ray air-Čerenkov multiple telescope experiment

1995

Abstract In this paper we discuss the feasibility of a ground based detector exploiting the technique of Cerenkov light stereo imaging of air showers for the detection of discrete cosmic sources of γ-rays with energy threshold of 100 GeV, angular resolution (HWHM) of 1 arcmin ( 1 3 mrad), cosmic ray background rejection ≥ 99%. This experiment will make possible a deep survey of the sky with sensitivity of 1 100 of the Crab in 45 h of exposure.

PhysicsCOSMIC cancer databasebusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectDetectorGamma rayAstronomy and AstrophysicsCosmic rayAstrophysicslaw.inventionTelescopeStereo imagingOpticsSkylawAngular resolutionbusinessmedia_commonAstroparticle Physics
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η−η′(−glue) Mixing from the Chiral Lagrangian

2010

The η − η ′ mixing from the chiral Lagrangian is reviewed. It is shown how the Feldman-Kroll-Stech ansazt can be derived from the chiral Lagrangian. The inclusion of the glueball is also discussed.

PhysicsChiral anomalyQuantum chromodynamicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsChiral perturbation theoryGlueballHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyThermodynamicsElementary particleAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum field theoryMathematics::Symplectic GeometryComputer Science::DatabasesMixing (physics)BosonNuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements
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Engineering Ising-XY spin models in a triangular lattice via tunable artificial gauge fields,

2013

Emulation of gauge fields for ultracold atoms provides access to a class of exotic states arising in strong magnetic fields. Here we report on the experimental realisation of tunable staggered gauge fields in a periodically driven triangular lattice. For maximal staggered magnetic fluxes, the doubly degenerate superfluid ground state breaks both a discrete Z2 (Ising) symmetry and a continuous U(1) symmetry. By measuring an Ising order parameter, we observe a thermally driven phase transition from an ordered antiferromagnetic to an unordered paramagnetic state and textbook-like magnetisation curves. Both the experimental and theoretical analysis of the coherence properties of the ultracold g…

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesOptical latticeCondensed matter physicsPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesSymmetry (physics)010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldParamagnetismQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesComputer Science::Programming LanguagesAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsHexagonal latticeIsing model010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesComputer Science::DatabasesSpin-½Nature Phys. 9, 738-743 (2013)
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Large diamagnetic persistent currents

2007

In multichannel rings, evanescent modes will always co-exist with propagating modes. The evanescent modes can carry a very large diamagnetic persistent current that can oscillate with energy and are very sensitive to impurity scattering. This provides a natural explanation for the large diamagnetic persistent currents observed in experiments.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsScatteringGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPersistent currentCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectImpurityCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)DiamagnetismPhysics::Atomic PhysicsComputer Science::Databases
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Impurity effects on soliton dynamics in planar ferromagnets

1993

Abstract We investigate numerically the dynamics of solitons in a ferromagnetic spin chain and we show that the sine-Gordon approximation provides only a poor description of the solitary excitations in the presence of impurities. Depending on their energy and the strength of the impurity, solitons can be reflected or transmitted. When they are reflected, they can suffer abrupt changes in velocity, which are associated to the switch from one soliton branch to another. In some cases the scattering by an impurity can excite an internal mode of the soliton, which is able to store some energy and modify the output of the scattering.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsScatteringGeneral Physics and Astronomysine-Gordon equationDissipative solitonMagnetic anisotropyNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsFerromagnetismImpurityCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSolitonSome EnergyNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsComputer Science::DatabasesPhysics Letters A
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Activity, Rotation And Convection in Orion: Are the Data Inconsistent with the MS Activity-Rossby Number Relation?

2004

A relation between activity and rotation in young ~ 1Myr PMS in often not observed, suggesting that the mechanism responsible for the X-ray emission may differ from the α - ω dynamo. We re-investigate the matter utilizing recent X-ray and rotational data on the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC).

PhysicsConvectionRossby numberClassical mechanics010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesRelation (database)0103 physical sciencesAstrophysicsRotation010303 astronomy & astrophysics01 natural sciences0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Single-step arbitrary control of mechanical quantum states in ultrastrong optomechanics

2015

We describe how ultrastrong interactions in optomechanical systems can be used to force the system ground state to evolve into an arbitrary quantum state of mechanical motion in a completely controlled and deterministic manner. If the target quantum state is a superposition of $N$ Fock states, it can be obtained by applying in single-step $N$ classical optical signals of different frequencies for a common time interval. This protocol can be applied to various strongly interacting quantum systems as trapped ions beyond the Lamb-Dicke regime and cavity QED into the ultrastrong coupling regime.

PhysicsCoupling (physics)Superposition principleQuantum stateQuantum mechanicsNonlinear opticsGround stateMICROMECHANICAL RESONATOR CAVITY OPTOMECHANICS INDUCED TRANSPARENCY NONCLASSICAL STATES COUPLING REGIME TRAPPED ION OSCILLATOR FIELD ELECTRODYNAMICS DECOHERENCEQuantumComputer Science::DatabasesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptomechanicsFock space
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Measurement of the strong coupling constant using τ decays

1993

The strong coupling constant is determined from the leptonic branching ratios, the lifetime, and the invariant mass distribution of the hadronic final state of the tau lepton, using data accumulated at LEP with the ALEPH detector. The strong coupling constant measurement, alpha(s), (m(tau)2) = 0.330 +/-0.046, evolved to the Z mass, yields alpha(s)(M(Z)2) = 0. 1 18 +/- 0.005. The error includes experimental and theoretical uncertainties, the latter evaluated in the framework of the Shifman, Vainshtein and Zakharov (SVZ) approach. The method allows the non-perturbative contribution to the hadronic decay rate to be determined to be 0.3 +/- 0.5% . RI Perrier, Frederic/A-5953-2011; ANTONELLI, AN…

PhysicsCoupling constantNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilationPhysicsknowledge discoveryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyDetectorHadronStrong interaction01 natural sciencesALEPH ExperimentNuclear physics0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]High Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant massbibliographic databases010306 general physicsALEPH experimentParticle Physics - ExperimentLepton
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