Search results for "Decision Making"

showing 10 items of 492 documents

Male Facial Anthropometry and Attractiveness

2013

The symmetry and masculinity of the face are often considered important elements of male facial attractiveness. However, facial preferences are rarely studied on natural faces. We studied the effect of these traits and facial metric parameters on facial attractiveness in Spanish and Colombian raters. In total, 13 metric and 11 asymmetry parameters from natural, unmanipulated frontal face photographs of 50 Spanish men were measured with the USIA semiautomatic anthropometric software. All raters (women and men) were asked to rank these images as potential long-term partners for females. In both sexes, facial attractiveness was negatively associated with facial masculinity, and preference was …

MaleFluctuating asymmetryDevelopmental psychologyBeautyImage Processing Computer-AssistedFacial attractivenessUSIA-antromedia_commonFluctuating asymmetryGender IdentityMate qualityFacial attractivenessReproducibilitySensory SystemsPreferenceMasculinityFemaleCuesPsychologySocial psychologyHumanFacial symmetryAdultCross-Cultural ComparisonAttractivenessHistologyEstheticsAdolescentCephalometrymedia_common.quotation_subjectComputer programExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyColombiaArticleAssociationJudgmentYoung AdultImage processingArtificial IntelligenceNegatively associatedHumansMasculinityCultural factorReproducibility of ResultsAnthropometrystomatognathic diseasesOphthalmologySpainFaceDecision makingSoftwarePerception
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Identity–expression interaction in face perception: Sex, visual field, and psychophysical factors

2012

International audience; We investigated the psychophysical factors underlying the identity-emotion interaction in face perception. Visual field and sex were also taken into account. Participants had to judge whether a probe face, presented in either the left or the right visual field, and a central target face belonging to same person while emotional expression varied (Experiment 1) or to judge whether probe and target faces expressed the same emotion while identity was manipulated (Experiment 2). For accuracy we replicated the mutual facilitation effect between identity and emotion; no sex or hemispheric differences were found. Processing speed measurements, however, showed a lesser degree…

MaleFunctional LateralityDiscrimination Psychological0302 clinical medicineFace perceptionFAMILIARITYPsychophysicsEmotional expression10. No inequalityGeneral PsychologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSmedia_commonSex CharacteristicsUNFAMILIAR FACES05 social sciencesIdentity-emotion interactionGeneral MedicineVisual fieldFacial ExpressionPattern Recognition Visual[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologyFacilitationFemalePsychologySocial psychologyDivided visual fieldCognitive psychologySex characteristicsAdultAdolescentFACIAL EXPRESSIONSmedia_common.quotation_subjectSELECTIVE ATTENTION050105 experimental psychologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesDecision making (B")BiasArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Discrimination (A')PerceptionSex differencesPsychophysicsReaction TimeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesFacial expressionHUMAN EXTRASTRIATE CORTEXRECOGNITIONFaceVisual FieldsPhotic Stimulation030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Power of lower extremities is most important determinant of agility among physically inactive or active adult people

2018

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the relationships between agility, running speed, jumping height and length, body mass index, self-report pain in back and in lower extremities, personal factors as self-report health and fitness, and leisure time physical activity in physically inactive or active adult people. METHODS Altogether, 233 healthy subjects, 149 women (43.0 ± 7.3 years) and 84 men (44.0 ± 7.7 years), participated into study. Outcome measures were described in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domains. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis showed that jumping length explained 24.6% and 15.3% of the variance ass…

MaleLeisure timeperceptionmedicine.disease_causeBody Mass IndexRunning0302 clinical medicineJumpingInternational Classification of Functioning Disability and Health030212 general & internal medicineta315iakttagelsermedia_commonmuscle powerbeslutsfattandeta3141CognitionRegression analysisMiddle AgedTest (assessment)Lower ExtremityFemalePsychologyAdultkognitiiviset taidotmedicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationAthletic Performancedecision makingagility03 medical and health sciencesPhysical medicine and rehabilitationPerceptionmedicineHumansmotoriset taidotAgedmuskelstyrkakehonhallinta030229 sport sciencesCross-Sectional StudiesPhysical FitnessExercise Testmuscle strengthmobilitetSelf ReportSedentary BehaviorBody mass indexlihasvoimaPhysiotherapy Research International
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Informed participation in the Valencian Community Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme from a gender perspective.

2018

Abstract Objective: To examine the factors that influence informed participation in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme (CRCSP) from a gender perspective. Methods: Cross-sectional telephone survey directed to men and women invited to participate (2009-2010) in the Valencian Community CRCSP (Spain). Sample size: 785 subjects. Outcome variables: participation in CRCSP and being informed. Bivariate and multivariate analysis using logistic regression models (95% confidence interval [95%CI], p <0.05). Results: Being a woman (odds ratio [OR]: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.06-2.19), receiving information from a general practitioner (OR: 1.64; 95%CI: 1.05-2.55) and being informed (OR: 1.54; 95%CI: 1.08-2.21) …

MaleMultivariate analysisToma de decisión informadaGeneral PracticeLogistic regressionValencian community0302 clinical medicine030212 general & internal medicineEarly Detection of Cancerlcsh:Public aspects of medicineMiddle AgedColorectal cancer screening030220 oncology & carcinogenesisEarly detection of cancerOccult BloodFemaleInformed decision makingColorectal NeoplasmsAttitude to Healthmedicine.medical_specialtyInformation Seeking BehaviorSampling StudiesColorectal neoplasmInterviews as Topic03 medical and health sciencesSex FactorsPatient Education as TopicGender identitymedicineHumansCáncer colorrectalAgedPrimary Health Carebusiness.industryPerspective (graphical)Public Health Environmental and Occupational Healthlcsh:RA1-1270Odds ratioConfidence intervalSurgeryParticipaciónCross-Sectional StudiesDetección precoz del cáncerSocioeconomic FactorsSample size determinationFamily medicineGéneroPatient participationPatient ParticipationbusinessGaceta sanitaria
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Application of multivariant decision tree technique in high performance football: The female and male corner kick.

2019

The use of multidimensional statistical technique based on decision trees is of recent application in sports science. In the case of football, this technique has not yet been sufficiently proven. The aim of the present study was to search for different success models for the cor- ners in the FIFA World Cup 2014 and FIFA Women's World Cup 2015. For this, the statistical analysis focused on the search for classification models for the different criteria considered (shot, shot between the three posts and goal), based on the creation of different decision trees that allow the most important variables to be identified quickly and efficiently. For this, 1117 corners were collected between the two…

MaleMultivariate statisticsDecision AnalysisComputer scienceEntropyDonesSocial SciencesFootballcomputer.software_genreSystems Science0302 clinical medicineMathematical and Statistical TechniquesPsychologyEntropy (energy dispersal)MultidisciplinaryEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)PhysicsQStatisticsRSoftware EngineeringMenSports ScienceDynamical SystemsPhysical SciencesMedicineEngineering and TechnologyThermodynamicsFemaleGamesManagement EngineeringResearch ArticleSportsAdultComputer and Information SciencesSports scienceScienceDecision treeAthletic PerformanceMachine learningResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesEntropy (classical thermodynamics)SoccerEntropy (information theory)HumansWomenStatistical MethodsEntropy (arrow of time)Behaviorbusiness.industrySoftware ToolsDecision TreesOffensiveBiology and Life Sciences030229 sport sciencesMultiple criteria decision makingFutbolHomesPresa de decisions multicriteriRecreationArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematicsEntropy (order and disorder)ForecastingPloS one
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What users think about the differences between caffeine and illicit/prescription stimulants for cognitive enhancement

2012

Pharmacological cognitive enhancement (CE) is a topic of increasing public awareness. In the scientific literature on student use of CE as a study aid for academic performance enhancement, there are high prevalence rates regarding the use of caffeinated substances (coffee, caffeinated drinks, caffeine tablets) but remarkably lower prevalence rates regarding the use of illicit/prescription stimulants such as amphetamines or methylphenidate. While the literature considers the reasons and mechanisms for these different prevalence rates from a theoretical standpoint, it lacks empirical data to account for healthy students who use both, caffeine and illicit/prescription stimulants, exclusively f…

MaleNon-Clinical MedicinePsychopharmacologymedicine.medical_treatment610 Medizinlcsh:MedicineScientific literatureMedical LawSocial and Behavioral SciencesDrug UsersCognition610 Medical sciencesMedical SociologyHuman PerformancePsychologylcsh:ScienceNootropic AgentsProblem Solvingmedia_commonPsychiatryMultidisciplinarySubstance AbuseQualitative StudiesSubstance abuseMental HealthNeurologyHealth Education and AwarenessMedicineFemalePublic HealthBehavioral and Social Aspects of HealthResearch ArticleAdultMedical Ethicsmedicine.medical_specialtyDrugs and DevicesPrescription DrugsUniversitiesSubstance-Related DisordersClinical Research DesignScience Policymedia_common.quotation_subjectCognitive NeuroscienceDecision MakingNeuropharmacologyNeuropsychologyCaffeinemedicineHumansMedical prescriptionStudentsPsychiatryBiologyBehaviorHealth Care Policybusiness.industryIllicit DrugsAddictionlcsh:RCognitive PsychologyBioethicsmedicine.diseaseStimulantScience Educationlcsh:QCentral Nervous System StimulantsCitationAttributionbusinessLawMedical ethicsNeuroscience
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Early evaluation using a radiomic signature of unresectable hepatic metastases to predict outcome in patients with colorectal cancer treated with FOL…

2020

PurposeThe objective of this study was to build and validate a radiomic signature to predict early a poor outcome using baseline and 2-month evaluation CT and to compare it to the RECIST1·1 and morphological criteria defined by changes in homogeneity and borders.MethodsThis study is an ancillary study from the PRODIGE-9 multicentre prospective study for which 491 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated by 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) and bevacizumab had been analysed. In 230 patients, computed texture analysis was performed on the dominant liver lesion (DLL) at baseline and 2 months after chemotherapy. RECIST1·1 evaluation was performed at 6 months. …

MaleOncologyColorectal cancermedicine.medical_treatmentLeucovorinKaplan-Meier Estimate030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingMESH: Camptothecin / administration & dosage; Camptothecin / analogs & derivatives; Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy; Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology; Computational Biology; Female0302 clinical medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAged 80 and overLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyMESH: Radiographic Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted; Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; Survival Rate;Tomography X-Ray ComputedMiddle AgedBevacizumabSurvival Rate030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCohortFOLFIRIRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleFluorouracilColorectal NeoplasmsClinical decision makingmedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyBevacizumab[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/CancerMESH: Fluorouracil / administration & dosage; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Leucovorin / administration & dosage; Liver Neoplasms / diagnostic imagingComputerised image analysis03 medical and health sciencesColorectal metastasesMESH: Adult; Aged 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage; Bevacizumab / administration & dosage; Camptothecin / administration & dosagePredictive Value of TestsInternal medicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingmedicineHumansChemotherapyResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsMESH: Liver Neoplasms / secondary; Male; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective StudiesAgedChemotherapybusiness.industryComputational Biology[SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterologymedicine.diseaseColorectal cancerLog-rank testIrinotecanCamptothecinTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessGut
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The role of letter features in visual-word recognition: Evidence from a delayed segment technique.

2016

Available online 9 June 2016 Do all visual features in aword's constituent letters have the same importance during lexical access? Herewe examined whether some components of a word's letters (midsegments, junctions, terminals) are more important than others. To that end,we conducted two lexical decision experiments using a delayed segment techniquewith lowercase stimuli. In this technique a partial previewappears for 50ms and is immediately followed by the target item. In Experiment 1, the partial preview was composed of terminals+junctions,midsegments+junctions, or midsegments + terminals — a whole preview condition was used as a control. Results only revealed an advantage of the whole pre…

MalePSYCHOLOGY EXPERIMENTALComputer scienceSpeech recognitionCONSONANTSINTERACTIVE-ACTIVATION MODELREADING ALOUDVOWELS0302 clinical medicineDiscrimination PsychologicalPROGRAMDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyPsychologyAttentionVisual WordVisual word recognition05 social sciencesGeneral MedicineVerbal LearningSemanticsIdentification (information)Pattern Recognition VisualPrimingCuesPriming (psychology)Perceptual MaskingWord (computer architecture)Lexical decisionDecision MakingExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyModels Psychological050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)OrientationLexical decision taskReaction TimeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesLatency (engineering)CommunicationLETTER PERCEPTIONIDENTIFICATIONbusiness.industryVisual-word recognitionLetter processingLexical accessReadingbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryActa psychologica
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Non-readmission decisions in the intensive care unit: A qualitative study of physicians' experience in a multicentre French study.

2021

Purpose Deciding not to re-admit a patient to the intensive care unit (ICU) poses an ethical dilemma for ICU physicians. We aimed to describe and understand the attitudes and perceptions of ICU physicians regarding non-readmission of patients to the ICU. Materials and methods Multicenter, qualitative study using semi-directed interviews between January and May 2019. All medical staff working full-time in the ICU of five participating centres (two academic and three general, non-academic hospitals) were invited to participate. Participants were asked to describe how they experienced non-readmission decisions in the ICU, and to expand on the manner in which the decision was made, but also on…

MalePalliative careMedical staffHealth Care ProvidersSocial SciencesNurseslaw.inventionCognition0302 clinical medicinelawSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyMedicineMedical Personnel030212 general & internal medicineQualitative ResearchMultidisciplinaryPalliative CareQRMiddle AgedQualitative StudiesIntensive care unitHospitalsIntensive Care UnitsProfessionsResearch DesignMedicineFemaleFranceResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyScienceClinical Decision-MakingDecision MakingMEDLINEResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesQuality of life (healthcare)PhysiciansHumansbusiness.industryCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesHealth Care030228 respiratory systemHealth Care FacilitiesContent analysisFamily medicinePeople and PlacesEthical dilemmaQuality of LifeCognitive SciencePopulation GroupingsbusinessNeuroscienceQualitative researchPLoS ONE
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Socioeconomic status and parent perceptions about the costs and benefits of youth sport.

2021

Objectives Describe what costs and benefits parents across the socioeconomic spectrum weight most heavily when making decisions about sport participation for their children. Method Cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative online panel of parents of children between the ages of 5 and 18 (n = 1025, 52% response rate). Parents rated the importance of a series of potential costs and benefits of youth sport and these responses were compared across tertiles of per capita family income. We first examined the association between family income tertiles and cost and benefit variables. Model-based cluster analysis was then used to identity homogeneous groups of responses to costs and ben…

MaleParentsGerontologyEpidemiologyCost-Benefit AnalysisEmotionsPhysical fitnessSocial SciencesCognitionSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicine and Health SciencesPer capitaPsychologyPublic and Occupational HealthChildResponse rate (survey)MultidisciplinaryCost–benefit analysisYouth SportsQRSports ScienceSocioeconomic Aspects of HealthScholarshipChild PreschoolIncomeMedicineFemalePsychologyResearch ArticleSportsAdolescentScienceDecision MakingPsychological StressFamily incomeMental Health and PsychiatryHumansSports and Exercise MedicineSocioeconomic statusBrain ConcussionBehaviorbusiness.industryCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesCollege athleticsPhysical ActivityHealth CareCross-Sectional StudiesSocial ClassAthletesPhysical FitnessMedical Risk FactorsRecreationCognitive SciencePerceptionbusinesshuman activitiesNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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