Search results for "Delta"
showing 10 items of 471 documents
Chronic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorβ/δ agonist GW0742 prevents hypertension, vascular inflammatory and oxidative status, and endotheli…
2015
Endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in obesity-induced risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of chronic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ agonist GW0742 treatment on endothelial function in obese mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD).Five-week-old male mice were allocated to one of the following groups: control, control-treated (GW0742, 3 mg/kg per day, by oral gavage), HFD, HFD + GW0742, HFD + GSK0660 (1 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal) or HFD-GW0742-GSK0660 and followed for 11 or 13 weeks. GW0742 administration to mice fed HFD prevented the gain of body weight, heart and kidney hypertrophy, and fat accumulation. The increase in …
Gene Expression Analyses during Spontaneous Reversal of Cardiomyopathy in Mice with Repressed Nuclear CUG-BP, Elav-Like Family (CELF) Activity in Hea…
2015
CUG-BP, Elav-like family (CELF) proteins regulate cell type- and developmental stage-specific alternative splicing in the heart. Repression of CELF-mediated splicing activity via expression of a nuclear dominant negative CELF protein in heart muscle was previously shown to induce dysregulation of alternative splicing, cardiac dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and dilated cardiomyopathy in MHC-CELFΔ transgenic mice. A “mild” line of MHC-CELFΔ mice that expresses a lower level of the dominant negative protein exhibits cardiac dysfunction and myopathy at a young age, but spontaneously recovers normal cardiac function and heart size with age despite the persistence of splicing defects. To the b…
Anti-GD3 antibodies are potent activators of human gamma/delta and alpha/beta positive T cells.
1995
The ganglioside GD3 has a variety of biological functions. These include stimulatory effects on proliferation, natural killer activity and cytokine production by freshly isolated peripheral T cells. In this study we have characterized anti-GD3 antibody (MoAb Z21) mediated effects on T cell clones. Our data indicate that alpha/beta TCR CD4+ and CD8+ as well as gamma/delta TCR positive T cells can be stimulated resulting in proliferation and cytokine production. This effect could be blocked by cyclosporin A and did not involve the LFA-3 or CD4 molecule. Apart from IFN-gamma and IL-2 production by T helper 1 and T helper 0 cells we have observed production of IL-4 and IL-10 by T helper 2 cells…
Differential effects of IL-10 on proliferation and cytokine production of human gamma/delta and alpha/beta T cells.
1994
Gamma/delta TCR bearing T lymphocytes represent a T-cell subset whose functional relevance remains unclear. Nevertheless these T cells may play a role in the early immune response against bacteria. Until now the regulatory mechanisms on this response have not been investigated. The study described here evaluated the immunoregulatory effects of Interleukin-10 on gamma/delta and alpha/beta TCR-positive T-cell clones and freshly isolated peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). IL-10 has been shown previously to inhibit lectin and antigen-induced proliferation and cytokine production by alpha/beta T cells. The results outlined below show that rhIL-10 strongly inhibits lectin-induced producti…
Activation of phenotypically heterogeneous murine T cell receptor gamma delta + dendritic epidermal T cells by self-antigen(s).
1995
Adult murine epidermis contains a population of Thy-1+, CD45+, CD3+, CD4- and CD8- in situ primarily T cell receptor (TCR) V gamma 3+/V delta 1+ dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC). In the present study, cell surface phenotypes as well as functional properties of DETC were characterized by using in vitro mitogen-stimulated short-term- (10 days) and cloned long-term-cultured (1 year) DETC lines. Phenotypic characterization revealed that80% of the short-term-cultured cells were routinely TCR gamma delta +, CD4-, CD8-. The majority expressed the V gamma 3 TCR. Seventy-five percent of the lines contained detectable numbers of V gamma 2+ (5-7%) and V gamma 2-3- cells (2-3%). Four different types …
Characterization of lung γδ T cells following intranasal infection with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin
2002
The lungs are considered to have an impaired capacity to contain infection by pathogenic mycobacteria, even in the presence of effective systemic immunity. In an attempt to understand the underlying cellular mechanisms, we characterized the gammadelta T cell population following intranasal infection with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). The peak of gammadelta T cell expansion at 7 days postinfection preceded the 30 day peak of alphabeta T cell expansion and bacterial count. The expanded population of gammadelta T cells in the lungs of BCG-infected mice represents an expansion of the resident Vgamma2 T cell subset as well as an influx of Vgamma1 and of four different Vdelt…
Contrary roles of IL-4 and IL-12 on IL-10 production and proliferation of human tumour reactive T cells.
1997
The cytokine profile of tumour reactive T cells is likely to play a central role in their function. However, little is known about how cytokine patterns of tumour reactive T cells can be regulated. Here, the authors investigated the influence of exogenous regulatory cytokines in addition to interleukin-2 (IL-2) on cytokine patterns and the proliferation of T cells recognizing an autologous sarcoma cell line. In this system, IL-4 and IL-12 showed the most polarizing influences on tumour reactive T cells. Exogenous IL-4 induced a predominant production of IL-4 while decreasing the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-10 production by tumour reactive T cells. It also stimulated the growth of tu…
3D Integration : towards high-performance innovative imaging sensors
2017
Nowadays, CMOS image sensors are almost exclusively architectured around analog pixels. A transition to purely digital pixels would significantly improve the performances of imagers. Unfortunately, such an approach is difficult to consider because it causes an oversized and unusable pixel for the consumer market. One of the promising ways to solve this problem of pixel integration is to think not only in 2D dimensions, but in 3D dimensions by distributing the different functionalities on several interconnected wafers.Thus, the work presented in this manuscript describes the design of a purely digital image sensor in CMOS 3D-IC 130 nm Tezzaron technology. This sensor is architectured around …
Aqueous two-phase system cold-set gelation using natural and recombinant probiotic lactic acid bacteria as a gelling agent
2016
The present study aimed to entrap probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in a sodium alginate and sodium caseinate aqueous two-phase gel system. The natural acidifying properties of two therapeutic probiotic LAB were exploited to liberate calcium ions progressively from calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which caused the gelation of the co-existing phases. Bi-biopolymeric matrix gelation of GDL/CaCO3 or LAB/CaCO3 was monitored by dynamic rheological measurements, and the final gels were characterized by frequency dependence measurements and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Weak to strong gels were formed with an elastic modulus G' from 10 to 1.000Pa, respectively. After cold-set gelation of our sy…
Challenges and new prospects in hepatosplenic γδ T-cell lymphoma.
2014
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid neoplasms characterized by aggressive clinical behavior and dismal prognosis. Hepatosplenic γδ T-cell lymphoma (γδ-HSTL) is a particular form of PTCL that arises from a small subset of γ/δ T-cell receptor-expressing lymphocytes. γδ-HSTL has a rapidly progressive course and poor outcome due also to its refractoriness to conventional chemotherapy regimens. The very low incidence of γδ-HSTL, along with its propensity to mimic different pathological entities, makes this lymphoma a true diagnostic challenge. In this review, we highlight the biological and clinical features of γδ-HSTL that contribute to making this lymphoma…